Question 1

Because Indians did not fence and till land, English settlers

Accepted Answer

The English settlers believed that because the Native Americans did not fence and till their land, they were not utilizing it to its full potential, and therefore they felt justified in dispossessing the natives of their soil. This attitude towards land ownership and utilization was a significant factor in the English colonization of America.

Question 2

The African slave trade helped in the advancement of

Accepted Answer

The African slave trade directly contributed to the expansion of crops and agricultural techniques in the Americas, as enslaved Africans brought with them knowledge of farming techniques and crops from their native countries. Additionally, medical knowledge was also advanced through the forced experimentation on enslaved people, although this is an unethical and immoral contribution. Therefore, all of these answers are correct.

Question 3

The first colony organized around slave labor was Portugal's

Accepted Answer

Madeira, an island off the coast of Africa, was the first colony where Portugal organized an economy based on slave labor, primarily for sugar production, starting in the 15th century.

Question 4

By 1740, the foremost slave-trading nation in the world was

Accepted Answer

By 1740, England had become the foremost slave-trading nation in the world, with its ships controlling approximately 60% of the transatlantic slave trade.

Question 5

English colonizing ventures in the New World differed from previous Spanish and Portuguese efforts in that English attempts were

Accepted Answer

English colonizing ventures in the New World were privately organized and financed, in contrast to the Spanish and Portuguese efforts which were primarily directed by their respective Crowns. English colonization was also met with native resistance, and initial attempts were not immediate or major successes.

Question 6

English settlers had ambivalent images and feelings about the natives of North America. Analyze why this was so and what images/feelings seemed to prevail.

Accepted Answer

The answer of English settlers had ambivalent images and feelings...

Question 7

"Demographic disaster also struck the populous Inca peoples of the Peruvian Andes...." Demographic refers to

Accepted Answer

Demographic refers to population, so the sentence is referring to a population disaster among the Inca peoples.

Question 8

Between 1519 and the early 1800s, which of the following ethnic groups crossed the Atlantic to the Americas in greater numbers than any other?

Accepted Answer

During the period of the Transatlantic Slave Trade, millions of Africans were forcibly brought over to the Americas as slaves, surpassing the numbers of any other ethnic group.

Question 9

Most African slaves sent to the Americas were

Accepted Answer

Most African slaves sent to the Americas were war captives, captured by European traders or African intermediaries in raids on villages, towns, and coastal areas. It is estimated that around 12 million Africans were forcibly transported as slaves to the Americas between the 16th and 19th centuries. Criminals, debtors, and the insane were not targeted for enslavement in the same way as war captives.

Question 10

How many Africans do historians estimate arrived as slaves in the New World?

Accepted Answer

Historians estimate that over 10 million Africans were brought to the New World as slaves during the transatlantic slave trade.

Question 11

As a propagandist in favor of English exploration and colonization of America, write an essay trying to convince Queen Elizabeth of the need for financing such expeditions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of As a propagandist in favor of English...

Question 12

The Columbian Exchange introduced new plants, animals, and microbes to people on both sides of the Atlantic. Assess the positive and negative consequences of that exchange. In your opinion, who benefited most-those living on the western side of the Atlantic or those on the eastern side?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Columbian Exchange introduced new plants, animals,...

Question 13

Consider the experiences of the typical African slave. Where did the person come from? Where would he or she be most likely to go? What happened between the moments of capture and arrival in the western Atlantic?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Consider the experiences of the typical African...

Question 14

Why did the African slave trade begin?

Accepted Answer

The African slave trade began because of a labor shortage in the Mediterranean world. Arab and European slave traders initially procured African slaves to work as domestic servants or to perform agricultural labor in southern Europe.

Question 15

"Some Taino women married Spanish men and produced the first mestizo society in the Americas." Mestizo refers to a

Accepted Answer

Mestizo refers to a person of mixed European and American Indian ancestry.

Question 16

"Spanish conquest of major areas of the Americas set in motion two of the most far-reaching processes in modern history. One involved microbes, the other precious metals." Explain.

Accepted Answer

The answer of "Spanish conquest of major areas of the...

Question 17

You are a Catholic priest living in England in the 1540s and 1550s. How do you respond to the attacks on the Church that have been made by Martin Luther, John Calvin, and Henry VIII?

Accepted Answer

The answer of You are a Catholic priest living in...

Question 18

Which of the following crops did Europeans use African slave labor to produce in the Americas?

Accepted Answer

Europeans used African slave labor to produce all of these crops in the Americas. Sugar was particularly labor-intensive, and the demand for it led to the importation of the largest number of African slaves. Rice was also grown on plantations using African slave labor, especially in South Carolina and Georgia. Tobacco was another important cash crop produced with the help of African slaves in Virginia and Maryland.

Question 19

You are a Spanish explorer in 1500 and your brother sails for Portugal. Describe what voyages of exploration you both might plan for that year.

Accepted Answer

The answer of You are a Spanish explorer in 1500...

Quiz 2: Europeans and Africans Reach the Americas