Question 1

On May 5, 1995, a cleaning woman in Japan happened to notice a couple of plastic bags sitting beside the toilet in a men's restroom in one of the busiest subway stations in Tokyo. The woman picked up the bags and put them by the door to dispose of later. What she didn't realize is that the bags contained a sophisticated chemical weapon that, if properly activated, would have the potential to produce enough cyanide gas to kill 10,000 people. Instead, the unidentified woman disrupted the trigger mechanism, starting a small fire that was put out before the cyanide gas could be produced. What drawback to the use of chemical weapons to commit bioterrorism does this story demonstrate?

Accepted Answer

The answer of On May 5, 1995, a cleaning woman...

Question 2

Different departments and agencies in the government have different definitions of terrorism. Which agency defines terrorism as the "unlawful use of force against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government, the civilian population, or any segment thereof, in furtherance of political or social objectives"?

Accepted Answer

The Federal Bureau of Investigation defines terrorism as the "unlawful use of force against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government, the civilian population, or any segment thereof, in furtherance of political or social objectives."

Question 3

Gathering raw intelligence on an organization's structure, membership, and plans, is the first step law enforcement entities engage in when they dealing with terrorist organizations. Which step comes next?

Accepted Answer

After gathering raw intelligence, the next step is to determine what measures can be taken to counter terrorist activities, as this involves planning and strategizing based on the intelligence collected.

Question 4

How does the National Incident Management System help law enforcement address terrorism?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How does the National Incident Management System...

Question 5

Which of the following types of evidence are expressly excluded under the Military Commissions Act?

Accepted Answer

The Military Commissions Act expressly excludes evidence obtained through torture.

Question 6

Section 213 of the USAPATRIOT Act (2001) created a special type of "delayed notification warrant" which permitted officers to gain access to the home or business of a terrorism suspect without their knowledge. What is Section 213 of the USAPATRIOT Act also known as?

Accepted Answer

Section 213 of the USAPATRIOT Act is also known as "sneak and peak." This provision allows law enforcement to enter a suspect's property without notifying them that a search has taken place. It has been criticized for infringing upon Fourth Amendment rights and eroding the privacy of American citizens.

Question 7

America's jails and prisons are referred to as the new asylums because of the large population of______ persons.

Accepted Answer

The large population of mentally ill persons in America's jails and prisons is a well-known issue. In many cases, these individuals receive inadequate mental health care, leading to further harm to themselves or others. This has led to the moniker of "the new asylums," as jails and prisons have become de facto mental health institutions.

Question 8

In October, 2014, hackers broke into the computer network of Sony Pictures entertainment. The hackers called themselves the #GOP (Guardians of Peace), and they dumped a large amount of confidential data online for the world to see. The U.S. intelligence community concluded that the North Korean government was most likely responsible for the hack, in large part because of their frustration about a comedy film called "The Interview," in which a bumbling journalist attempts to assassinate North Korea's "Dear Leader." North Korea denies the claims. If the #GOP was just a rogue group of hackers, then this would be a cybercrime. If, however, this was an act perpetrated by the North Korean government, we would call it ______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In October, 2014, hackers broke into the...

Question 9

How does cyberespionage targeting military technology benefit America's adversaries?

Accepted Answer

By accessing the defense systems used by the American military, adversaries can understand how to disable those systems and render them inoperable. This gives them an advantage in any potential conflict or negotiation, as they have knowledge of the U.S.'s military capabilities and weaknesses.

Question 10

In 1984, an Oregon cult calling themselves the "Rajneeshees" began to have regular conflicts with the small town that was the home of their rapidly expanding commune. The 7,000 member cult had grown so large that they had their own zip code, and unsettled neighbors by patrolling their compound with Uzis and a Jeep mounted with a .30 caliber machine gun. After the city denied their building permits, the cult decided that they were going to take over the local government. After other plans failed, they decided the best route was to contaminate 10 salad bars in popular local restaurants with salmonella in order to suppress the vote. 751 people became ill, 45 were hospitalized, but thankfully no one died. This attack is still recognized as the largest ______ attack in American history.

Accepted Answer

The deliberate contamination of 10 salad bars with salmonella to suppress the vote can be classified as a bioterrorism attack.

Question 11

What caused many Americans to begin to oppose provisions of the USAPATRIOT Act that chipped away at their right to privacy?

Accepted Answer

The leaking of classified documents by NSA contractor Edward Snowden revealed the extent of government surveillance on American citizens, including bulk phone and internet data collection. This sparked widespread concerns about privacy and civil liberties, leading many Americans to oppose the provisions of the USA PATRIOT Act that authorized such surveillance.

Question 12

What is one feature of terrorism that has changed in recent years?

Accepted Answer

In recent years, there has been a shift in terrorist tactics towards focusing on civilian targets, such as crowded public spaces or events. This is evidenced by attacks such as the 2015 Paris attacks, the 2016 Orlando nightclub shooting, and the 2017 Manchester Arena bombing. While terrorists have targeted civilians in the past, this focus has become more pronounced in recent years.

Question 13

At the front end, approximately what percentage of police calls for service involve mentally ill persons?

Accepted Answer

Studies show that approximately 20-40% of police calls for service involve individuals with mental illness or substance use disorders. This is a significant portion of police workload and highlights the need for specialized training and resources to better serve this population.

Question 14

A domestic terrorist has attacked a small American town, and has taken refuge in a well-fortified building. He is using high-caliber weaponry on police, and they do not have the firepower or training to be able to effectively neutralize the perpetrator. Because of the dire nature of the situation, in this circumstance, it would be considered appropriate to suspend ______ and request military assistance in ending the siege.

Accepted Answer

The Posse Comitatus Act prohibits the use of federal military personnel in domestic law enforcement, except in certain circumstances. One such circumstance is when the President determines that federal assistance is necessary to enforce federal law. In this case, the local police do not have the means to effectively neutralize the threat, so it would be appropriate to request military assistance. However, this would require a suspension of the Posse Comitatus Act. The Jack Bauer Law, USAPATRIOT Act, and Military Commissions Act do not pertain to the use of military forces in domestic law enforcement.

Question 15

With the passage of the USAPATRIOT Act, Americans have had to sacrifice ______ in order to obtain security.

Accepted Answer

The USAPATRIOT Act expanded the government's surveillance powers, which has led to concerns about privacy.

Question 16

Officer Jones is trying to learn more about a suspect in a deadly right-wing terrorist attack targeting a local Mosque. To try and understand more about her suspect, she sneaks into his business office late at night without a warrant to take a look around. Which piece of legislation gave her the right to take a "sneak and peak" without a warrant?

Accepted Answer

The USAPATRIOT Act (Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act) contains provisions for "sneak and peek" searches, which allow law enforcement to delay notice of a search warrant to individuals or entities whose property is being searched. However, these types of searches are only permissible in certain circumstances and still require judicial oversight. Officer Jones may have violated her suspect's Fourth Amendment rights if her search did not meet the requirements for a "sneak and peek" search under the USAPATRIOT Act.

Question 17

What is the name of the FBI entity that is responsible for assessing the intelligence program, evaluating best practices, and deciding what works and what doesn't work in intelligence gathering operations?

Accepted Answer

The Strategic Execution Team is responsible for assessing the intelligence program, evaluating best practices, and determining the effectiveness of intelligence gathering operations within the FBI.

Question 18

Which of the following are referred to as the new asylums?

Accepted Answer

Jails are often referred to as the new asylums due to the high number of individuals with mental illness who are incarcerated rather than receiving appropriate treatment in mental health facilities.

Question 19

Compared to the USAPATRIOT Act, how was the USA Freedom Act (Uniting and Strengthening America by Fulfilling Rights and Ensuring Effective Discipline of Monitoring Act) different?

Accepted Answer

The USA Freedom Act halted the bulk collection of phone data that impacted millions of Americans who did not have any ties to terrorism, while the USAPATRIOT Act allowed the government to collect a vast amount of personal data without a warrant or specific cause. The act was created in response to concerns over privacy and civil liberties. The other options are incorrect as the USA Freedom Act did not expand phone data collection to include Americans, did not halt all government surveillance programs, and did not permit extrajudicial killings of American citizens living abroad.

Question 20

A local mayor hears that a protest is planned for his town. He does not like the cause, and he wants to send them a message that he does not want them to protest in his hometown in the future. As a result, he attempts to call on military members from the federal military installation to provide enforcement. The mayor hopes that seeing fully-equipped military members patrolling their streets will discourage the protest organizers from going forward with the event. Why would he most likely be denied this request?

Accepted Answer

The Posse Comitatus Act of 1878 prohibits the military from acting in the place of local law enforcement. The military's role is to defend the country against external threats, and its involvement in domestic law enforcement is limited to providing support, such as in cases of natural disasters or civil unrest where local authorities have requested assistance. Therefore, the mayor's request would be denied due to the legal restrictions under the Posse Comitatus Act.

Quiz 16: On the Crime Policy and Prevention Agenda: Terrorism, the Mentally Ill in the Criminal Justice System, and the Threat of Illegal Immigration