Question 1

What are some of the main themes in evolutionary psychology? Give an example of a human behavior that evolutionary psychologists study.

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Question 2

What are some of the problems of risk-taking behavior in adolescence?

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Question 3

Cody is the star pitcher for his high-school baseball team.His father is a retired minor league baseball pitcher,and his mother played softball in college.The epigenetic view of development would say that Cody's pitching ability is the result of

Accepted Answer

The epigenetic view emphasizes the importance of both genetics and environmental factors in development. In this case, Cody's genetic inheritance from his parents likely plays a role in his pitching ability, but his experience and practice playing baseball also contribute. Therefore, the best answer is A, a combination of heredity and environment. Option B is incorrect because it suggests that Cody's ability to throw a ball is solely determined by genetics, which is not supported by the epigenetic view. Option C is also incorrect because it ignores the role of genetics in development. Option D is unsupported by any explanation.

Question 4

Environmental influences range from the things we lump together under ________ to ________.

Accepted Answer

The first blank could potentially be filled with a variety of options, but "nurture" encompasses a broad range of environmental factors such as upbringing, education, and socialization. The second blank could be filled with a multitude of options as well, but "biological encounters" refers to environmental factors that affect our biology, such as pollutants and toxins in the air and water. Therefore, option B is the best choice as it captures the broad range of environmental influences.

Question 5

List in order the male and female pubertal changes.

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Question 6

Discuss some of the advantages and disadvantages of early and late maturation.

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Question 7

Compare and contrast the experience of the growth spurt in boys and girls.Be sure to include ages and bodily changes.

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Question 8

If an attractive and intelligent boy is elected to the student council in high school,is his success due to heredity or to environment?

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Success in being elected to the student council can be influenced by both hereditary factors (such as natural intelligence and perhaps physical attractiveness) and environmental factors (such as upbringing, education, and social experiences).

Question 9

Which of the following statements regarding environmental experience is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Heredity can influence the nonshared environment of siblings because siblings may experience different environments and life experiences based on their genetic predispositions. However, shared environmental factors, such as parenting styles and family dynamics, have been found to have little to no effect on adolescent personality and interests. Genetics and environment both play important roles in development of personality, with the relative importance of each factor varying based on the trait being considered.

Question 10

What could happen if a prepubescent girl's percentage of total body fat was lower than average?

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Question 11

Discuss the role of sex hormones in puberty for males and females.

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Question 12

Describe the concerns that have been raised about the nutritional status and diets of adolescents in the United States today.

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Question 13

What has research found about the amount of sleep that adolescents need,the amount of sleep that they usually get,and the problems associated with lack of adequate sleep?

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Question 14

Explain the negative feedback system involved in managing the levels of sex hormones.

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Question 15

Adolescents underutilize the services of private physicians and other health-care services.List and briefly explain at least four barriers to better health care for adolescents.

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Question 16

List at least three health-enhancing and three health-compromising behaviors in adolescence.

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Question 17

Ben and Alex,ages 12 and 14,live with their biological parents,who are both violinists in the local orchestra.The boys are both very talented musicians in their middle-school band.This is an example of a

Accepted Answer

This is an example of a passive genotype-environment correlation because the children are raised in an environment that is rich in musical influence due to their parents' interests and talents in music, which they passively inherit.

Question 18

What steps would you take if you wanted to increase the activity levels of adolescents?

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Question 19

Define the term "precocious puberty."

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Question 20

Compare and contrast changes in body image that occur at puberty for males and females.

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Quiz 2: Puberty, health, and Biological Foundations