Question 1

During the past two months, Theresa has had intestinal pain after eating and diarrhea, and she's noticed blood in her feces. Additionally, she's lost about 10 pounds. Based on this information, Theresa should be tested for

Accepted Answer

Intestinal pain, diarrhea, and blood in feces are common symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes both Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Since Theresa has lost weight and has been experiencing these symptoms for two months, it is important to rule out ulcerative colitis as a potential cause. Testing will typically involve a colonoscopy and biopsy. Irritable bowel syndrome (B) can cause similar symptoms, but does not involve blood in the stool. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (C) involves symptoms such as heartburn and stomach acid regurgitation, which are not mentioned in the scenario. Gallstones (D) typically cause symptoms such as abdominal pain and nausea/vomiting, but not intestinal pain or bloody stools.

Question 2

Paisley usually has four bowel movements each week. Based on this information, Paisley should

Accepted Answer

According to the information given, having four bowel movements per week is within the normal range and not considered constipation. Therefore, Paisley does not need to take any action to relieve constipation.

Question 3

The _____ is the third segment of the small intestine.

Accepted Answer

The ileum is the third and final segment of the small intestine, following the duodenum and jejunum.

Question 4

For the past few months, Jon hasn't been feeling well. His stomach hurts; he doesn't have any energy; and he often feels like he's going to vomit. He has no interest in eating, so he's lost several pounds. Yesterday, he went to the student health center, because he had bloody diarrhea. Based on this information, Jon should be tested for _____.

Accepted Answer

Jon's symptoms, including stomach pain, lack of energy, nausea, weight loss, and bloody diarrhea, are all consistent with ulcerative colitis. Gallstones, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and hemorrhoids would not typically cause all of these symptoms.

Question 5

Quinn is a 23-year-old college student, who developed mild diarrhea. Which of the following treatments should he use to relieve his loose stools?

Accepted Answer

Loperamide is an antidiarrheal medication that can be used to relieve diarrhea symptoms. Vitamin C and ginger are not effective treatments for diarrhea, while aspirin can actually make diarrhea worse. It is important to consult with a healthcare provider before taking any medication.

Question 6

Jerome has a higher than average risk of developing colorectal cancer because he

Accepted Answer

The presence of polyps in the rectum increases the risk of developing colorectal cancer. Irritable bowel syndrome, age between 25 and 50, and being from Central America are not the main risk factors for colorectal cancer.

Question 7

Carter has had an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) for 12 years. Based on this information, he has a higher than average risk of developing ____ than a person who does not have an IBD.

Accepted Answer

Individuals with IBD, such as Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis, have a higher risk of developing colon cancer compared to individuals without IBD. This increased risk is due to chronic inflammation and damage to the colon lining over time.

Question 8

Coretta has chronic heartburn. To reduce her risk of developing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), her physician recommended that she

Accepted Answer

Losing excess body fat can help decrease pressure on the stomach and reduce the likelihood of stomach acid flowing back up into the esophagus, thus reducing the risk of GERD. Snacking on peppermint candy and lying down after meals can actually worsen heartburn symptoms. While dark chocolate may have some health benefits, it is not specifically recommended for reducing the risk of GERD.

Question 9

Six years ago, Jared had a cancerous growth removed from his large intestine. Based on this information, he has a higher than average risk of developing

Accepted Answer

Since Jared had a cancerous growth removed from his large intestine, he has a higher than average risk of developing colon cancer.

Question 10

Carter has had ulcerative colitis for 10 years. Based on this information, he has a higher than average risk of developing

Accepted Answer

Patients with ulcerative colitis have an increased risk of developing colon cancer.

Question 11

Amanda is a three-year-old who has a disease that affects the functioning of her pancreas. Based on this information, she

Accepted Answer

The pancreas produces enzymes that help break down food in the digestive system. If the pancreas is not functioning properly, it can lead to difficulty digesting food. The other options are not related to pancreatic disease.

Question 12

Tyler smokes cigarettes, drinks excess alcohol, and takes aspirins regularly to treat headaches and arthritis. Based on this information, Tyler has a high risk of developing

Accepted Answer

Smoking cigarettes and excess alcohol consumption are well-established risk factors for developing peptic ulcers. Taking aspirin regularly can also increase the risk of developing peptic ulcers. Irritable bowel syndrome, pancreatic failure, and chronic constipation are not directly associated with these behaviors.

Question 13

Jillian drinks a couple of beers and smokes over a pack of cigarettes daily. Even though she's about 40 pounds overweight, she likes to wear tight-fitting clothes. Based on this information, Jillian has a high risk of developing

Accepted Answer

Jillian's regular consumption of both alcohol and nicotine can lead to the development of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Being overweight can also contribute to this condition, as it puts extra pressure on the stomach and increases the likelihood of acid reflux. Tight-fitting clothing can further exacerbate GERD symptoms by compressing the abdomen and causing acid to flow back into the esophagus. Therefore, the combination of these factors puts Jillian at a high risk for developing GERD.

Question 14

Treatment of irritable bowel syndrome usually includes making dietary changes and

Accepted Answer

Learning ways to manage stress effectively is an important component of treating irritable bowel syndrome, as stress can exacerbate symptoms. Dietary changes, such as eliminating trigger foods, may also be necessary. The other options (reducing physical activity, having the lower third of the colon removed, and moving to a drier climate) are not typically part of the treatment plan for irritable bowel syndrome.

Question 15

After attending a summertime picnic, 24-year-old Samantha developed severe diarrhea. Which of the following treatments should she use to treat her condition?

Accepted Answer

Consuming watery fluids that contain sodium, potassium, and simple sugars can help replace the fluids and electrolytes lost during diarrhea and prevent dehydration. Over-the-counter loperamide can sometimes be used to manage diarrhea, but it is not always recommended and should be used under the guidance of a healthcare provider. Vitamin C and iron supplements are not recommended for treating diarrhea. Coffee enemas are not an appropriate treatment for diarrhea and can actually be harmful.

Question 16

Antonio has severe heartburn. To reduce his risk of having frequent heartburn and developing esophageal cancer, his physician recommended that he

Accepted Answer

Avoiding overeating during meals can help reduce the frequency of heartburn. Option A can also help, but it may not be practical for everyone to adjust the angle of their bed. Option B is not directly related to heartburn relief or prevention, and option D may actually aggravate heartburn symptoms as tomato-based sauces are acidic.

Question 17

Sophia is concerned about her health, because her father died from colorectal cancer when he was only 50 years of age. In addition to discussing her medical history and concerns with her physician and being tested for colorectal cancer, Sophia should see her doctor if she notices

Accepted Answer

The answer of Sophia is concerned about her health, because...

Question 18

Marta is concerned that she may have colorectal cancer because, for several weeks, she has had

Accepted Answer

Stools that are narrower than usual can be a symptom of colorectal cancer, as the tumor can narrow the colon and make it harder for normal-sized stool to pass through. Chronic heartburn, increased appetite, and irritable bowel syndrome are not typically associated with colorectal cancer.

Question 19

The _____ helps form feces by absorbing some excess water and minerals from chyme.

Accepted Answer

The large intestine, also known as the colon, helps form feces by absorbing water and minerals from the chyme that passes through it. The other options listed do not have a role in forming feces. The esophageal sphincter is responsible for preventing stomach acid from entering the esophagus, the pyloric valve regulates the flow of chyme from the stomach to the small intestine, and the lower stomach is not a specific anatomical structure.

Question 20

Jared often eats a large dinner about an hour before he lies down to sleep. Based on this information, he is likely to develop

Accepted Answer

Eating a large dinner before lying down can lead to gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), which is characterized by the regurgitation of stomach acid into the esophagus, causing heartburn and other symptoms. Ulcerative colitis, irritable bowel syndrome, and chronic constipation are not directly related to eating habits before sleeping.

Quiz 4: How Food Becomes You