Question 1

Proper behavior for the in-group is often viewed as unacceptable behavior for the out-group.Sociologist Robert Merton describes this process as the conversion of "in-group virtues" into

Accepted Answer

Merton describes this process as the conversion of "in-group virtues" into "out-group vices," highlighting how behaviors valued within a group can be negatively perceived by those outside the group.

Question 2

Which sociological perspective suggests that a society or a relatively permanent group must accomplish certain major tasks if it is to survive?

Accepted Answer

The functionalist perspective emphasizes the importance of maintaining social order and stability through the collective efforts of individuals and institutions to fulfill necessary functions in society. They believe that a society must accomplish certain major tasks, such as producing and distributing goods and services, maintaining social control, and transmitting culture, in order to survive.

Question 3

The destructive consequences of tensions between in-groups and out-groups would probably be stressed by which sociological perspective?

Accepted Answer

The conflict perspective emphasizes the role of power and competition in society. In the case of tensions between in-groups and out-groups, the conflict perspective would stress the destructive consequences that can arise when one group seeks to maintain its power and dominance over another group. This can lead to conflict, discrimination, and even violence.

Question 4

A college law enforcement major watches the behavior of television police detectives with great admiration.These detectives could be considered

Accepted Answer

The behavior of television police detectives is being admired by the college law enforcement major, indicating that they serve as a reference group for the major. A reference group is a social group that someone uses as a standard for evaluating their attitudes and behaviors, and in this case, the major is aspiring to be like the television police detectives. Therefore, the best choice is D, reference group.

Question 5

Which of the following is true of the functional perspectives?

Accepted Answer

The functional perspectives stress the importance of roles and tasks within a group, so simply adding new members without considering how they will contribute to the group's functioning is not enough.

Question 6

The conflict perspective holds that social institutions

Accepted Answer

The conflict perspective emphasizes that social institutions are tools that maintain the power and dominance of those who have it while keeping others less powerful. Social institutions are not neutral, and they're designed to bring about and maintain inequality between social groups.

Question 7

Which of the following perspectives emphasizes that our social behavior is conditioned by the roles and statuses we accept,the groups to which we belong,and the institutions within which we function?

Accepted Answer

The interactionist perspective emphasizes how our social behavior is shaped by the roles and statuses we accept, the groups we belong to, and the institutions within which we operate, focusing on the importance of interpersonal interactions and the social context in understanding behavior.

Question 8

The patriotic behavior of U.S.citizens on January 20,2009 in coming to witness the Inauguration of President Barack Obama represents what kind of functionalist prerequisite?

Accepted Answer

Providing and maintaining a sense of purpose refers to the functionalist prerequisite of promoting social solidarity, which is achieved through shared values, beliefs, and experiences such as witnessing the Inauguration of a new President. The patriotic behavior of citizens in this context serves to reinforce a sense of belonging and purpose in their country.

Question 9

According to the text,network research is beginning to focus on

Accepted Answer

The text states that network research is beginning to focus on social media, as it allows researchers to analyze large amounts of data from online communication platforms.

Question 10

A group to which people feel they do not belong is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

An out-group is a group to which people do not feel they belong. A social network refers to a group of individuals connected through social relationships. A primary group is a small, intimate group characterized by face-to-face interaction and a sense of unity. A reference group is a group that individuals use as a standard for evaluating themselves and their own behavior.

Question 11

A group of businesswomen meet on a monthly basis to assist one another in advancing their careers.They give each other job leads and advice,and they invite business leaders to attend their sessions to provide further assistance.This group is an example of

Accepted Answer

The group of businesswomen meeting on a monthly basis to assist one another in advancing their careers is an example of social networking. They are building relationships and connections with each other, as well as inviting business leaders to attend their sessions for further networking opportunities.

Question 12

Which of the following networks is more likely to become elitist or exclusionary?

Accepted Answer

In-groups by definition are exclusive groups with a strong sense of identity and loyalty to each other. They tend to be elitist and exclude outsiders who do not fit their criteria for membership. Out-groups, on the other hand, are the opposite of in-groups and tend to be more diverse and accepting of outsiders. Reference groups and coalitions can be either exclusive or inclusive depending on their purpose and goals, so they are not necessarily more likely to become elitist or exclusionary.

Question 13

Sociological research that maps sexual relationships amongst high school students is an example of research on

Accepted Answer

The research on sexual relationships amongst high school students would involve mapping out the social networks between students and analyzing how their relationships and behaviors within those networks influence each other. The study would not be focused on ascribed statuses, role exit, or social institutions.

Question 14

A woman who has not attended school in 13 years enrolls for classes at the local community college.She is afraid that her younger classmates might not accept her.On the first day of class,she observes the clothing styles of her classmates,and after school she goes shopping and purchases similar clothes.Her classmates could be considered

Accepted Answer

The classmates are a reference group because the woman is using their clothing styles as a reference for her own behavior. A secondary group is a group in which individuals come together for a specific purpose, such as a class project, but do not have a long-term relationship. A focus group is a type of research method used to gather opinions and attitudes about a product or service. A status group is a group of people who share similar social status based on factors such as income, education, or occupation. None of these other options fit the situation described.

Question 15

Functional prerequisites are

Accepted Answer

Functional prerequisites are the tasks that a society or relatively permanent group must accomplish if it is to survive. These tasks are essential for the survival of a society, and without them, the society may not be able to function properly. Therefore, option A is the best choice.

Question 16

A temporary or permanent alliance geared toward a common goal is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A coalition is a temporary or permanent alliance of people, groups, or countries working together toward a common goal or objective. The other options listed do not accurately describe this concept.

Question 17

Which sociological perspective emphasizes the role of reference groups in setting and enforcing standards of conduct and belief?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which sociological perspective emphasizes the role of...

Question 18

The role of a social institution from a functionalist perspective is to

Accepted Answer

According to the functionalist perspective, social institutions exist to meet basic social needs such as education, healthcare, and the economy. These institutions work together to maintain social stability and ensure that societal needs are met.

Question 19

Which term is used by sociologists when speaking of any group that individuals use as a standard for evaluating themselves and their own behavior?

Accepted Answer

The term used by sociologists for any group that individuals use as a standard for evaluating themselves and their own behavior is a reference group. A reference group can be any group (real or imaginary) that an individual uses as the basis for making comparisons and evaluations of themselves and their behavior. Examples of reference groups include family, friends, co-workers, celebrities, and social media influencers.

Question 20

Which of the following statements pertaining to coalitions is true?

Accepted Answer

Coalitions can be broad-based, as they can consist of diverse groups with a range of interests and objectives.

Quiz 5: Social Interaction, groups, and Social Structure