Question 1

Which of the following would provide the strongest evidence that the arthritis afflicting children in Lyme, Connecticut was due to bacterial infection?

Accepted Answer

If the arthritis responded to treatment with antibiotics, it would strongly suggest that it was caused by a bacterial infection that was sensitive to those antibiotics. This would be a strong piece of evidence supporting a bacterial cause of the arthritis.

Question 2

A patient has a serious lung infection. A sputum sample was taken. The lab technician stated that the
lab isolated a bacterium that did not have any peptidoglycan. You hypothesize that the identity of this microbe could possibly be __________.
A. Mycobacterium tuberculosis
B. Borrelia burgdorferi
C. Streptococcus pneumoniae
D. Mycopla pneumoniae
E. Haemophilus influenzae

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient has a serious lung infection....

Question 3

Mycopla and Ureapla differ from other bacteria because they naturally lack a _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Mycopla and Ureapla differ from other bacteria...

Question 4

Characteristics seen in the curviform bacteria include

Accepted Answer

Curviform bacteria are characterized by short curved rods or spiral-shaped cells. The other options listed, such as gram-positive cell wall, peritrichous flagella, and coccus-shaped cells, can be found in other types of bacteria as well. An axial filament, which is a type of flagellum found in spirochetes, is a characteristic of some curviform bacteria.

Question 5

Select two diseases that involve different arthropod vectors in their epidemiology. Discuss each disease and describe the role of each vector in the life cycle of the pathogen and establishment of the disease.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Select two diseases that involve different arthropod...

Question 6

A private in the U.S. Army is stationed at Ft. Bragg, North Carolina. He has been admitted to the infirmary with complaints of a severe headache and high fever. Upon questioning, he revealed that he had received a tick bite several days earlier. Two days after admission, he starts to develop a rash, beginning on his hands and feet and spreading towards his torso. Which of the following should be considered first in the diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

The symptoms described, including tick bite, severe headache, high fever, and rash spreading from extremities to torso, are indicative of Rocky Mountain spotted fever. Lyme disease may also present similarly, but typically the rash begins at the site of the tick bite and spreads outward, and is often described as a "bulls-eye" rash. The other conditions listed are less likely based on the given symptoms and history.

Question 7

L-forms may arise

Accepted Answer

B.

Question 8

Discuss the role of Ixodes scapularis and Ixodes pacificus in Lyme disease.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss the role of Ixodes scapularis and...

Question 9

Syphilitic tumors called _____ develop in the liver, skin, bone, and cartilage during the tertiary stage of syphilis.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Syphilitic tumors called _____ develop in the...

Question 10

Lyme disease is caused by __transmitted by ticks.

Accepted Answer

Lyme disease is caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi, which is transmitted through the bite of infected black-legged ticks.

Question 11

Which of the following is usually the most effective and practical treatment for most cases of bacterial diarrhea?

Accepted Answer

Oral rehydration with solutions of electrolytes and water is usually the most effective and practical treatment for most cases of bacterial diarrhea. This helps replenish the fluids and electrolytes lost during diarrhea, without interfering with the body's natural process of getting rid of the bacteria. Antibiotics can be effective in some cases, but not all types of bacterial diarrhea respond to them, and they may also have side effects. Intravenous fluids may be necessary for severe dehydration, but are not typically needed in most cases. Over-the-counter antidiarrheal medications may provide symptomatic relief, but do not treat the underlying cause of the diarrhea and can in some cases prolong the infection.

Question 12

Discuss the activities or professions that would increase the risk of contracting Coxiella burnetii.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss the activities or professions that would...

Question 13

Which of the following characteristics is NOT true of Treponema pallidum?

Accepted Answer

Treponema pallidum, the bacterium responsible for syphilis, cannot be grown on standard laboratory media, including chocolate agar. It requires a mammalian host for cultivation, making laboratory study and culture challenging.

Question 14

Chlamydophila pneumonia

Accepted Answer

D.

Question 15

Which of the following genera include obligate intracellular parasites of the host?

Accepted Answer

C.

Question 16

According to CDC data, who is more likely to acquire a rickettsial disease?

Accepted Answer

Rickettsial diseases are commonly transmitted by fleas, ticks, and lice. Sub-Saharan Africa is an endemic region for many rickettsial diseases and is therefore the most likely location where Mike may have contracted the disease.

Question 17

When plaque becomes mineralized with calcium and phosphate crystals, it becomes a hard, porous substance called _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When plaque becomes mineralized with calcium and...

Question 18

Discuss the specific, distinguishing features that are the underlying reason for referring to the respiratory infection caused by Mycopla pneumoniae as an atypical pneumonia or walking pneumonia.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss the specific, distinguishing features that are...

Question 19

Bacteria that lose their cell walls due to penicillin or lysozyme and result in persistent wall-deficient bacteria are called _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Bacteria that lose their cell walls due...

Question 20

Which of the following is most useful for the definitive diagnosis of Lyme disease?

Accepted Answer

The definitive diagnosis of Lyme disease is based on the detection of antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of the disease, using serologic testing such as the Lyme antibody titers. Blood cultures are not sensitive for the diagnosis of Lyme disease as B. burgdorferi is slow-growing and difficult to culture. Culture of the bull's-eye rash on Lyme-selective agar may be useful for the diagnosis, but the rash is not always present in Lyme disease. Gram stain of blood specimen is less sensitive and less specific than serologic testing for Lyme disease. Therefore, D is the best choice for the definitive diagnosis of Lyme disease.

Quiz 21: Miscellaneous Bacterial Agents of Disease