Question 1

The earliest explanation of abnormal behaviour was that disturbed people

Accepted Answer

The earliest explanation of abnormal behaviour was that disturbed people were possessed by evil spirits or demons.

Question 2

Which of the following is not a question offered by the text to determine what behaviour is abnormal?

Accepted Answer

Family members being bothered by the behaviour is not a question offered by the text to determine what behaviour is abnormal.

Question 3

The basic function of the DSM-5 is to

Accepted Answer

The DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition) provides a set of diagnostic categories for classifying mental disorders. It does not focus on suggesting effective treatments, differentiating between neurosis and psychosis, or describing internal personality factors involved in mental disorders.

Question 4

Charlene gets hysterical when she sees any knife that is larger than a paring knife and cannot keep them in her house. Her therapist believes that her fear of knives is a defence against an unconscious desire to kill her husband who is psychologically abusive to her. The therapist's belief is based on the

Accepted Answer

The therapist's belief that Charlene's fear of knives is a defence mechanism against her unconscious desire to kill her husband is based on the psychodynamic perspective, which emphasizes the role of unconscious processes, internal conflicts, and childhood experiences in shaping our behavior and emotions. This perspective is closely associated with the work of Sigmund Freud and his followers.

Question 5

Graham consults with a patient who is complaining of hearing voices and having strange thoughts. He asks the patient to undergo a series of tests, including a brain scan and a complete blood test. The perspective that Graham has on abnormal behaviour is most likely the

Accepted Answer

Graham's use of brain scans and blood tests indicates a focus on the biological causes of abnormal behavior, indicating the biological perspective.

Question 6

Which of the following is not a question offered by the text to determine what behaviour is abnormal?

Accepted Answer

The text does not suggest that the opinion of people in authority is a necessary or sufficient condition for determining abnormal behavior.

Question 7

Which of the following perspectives suggests that faulty thinking or distorted perceptions contribute to some types of psychological disorders?

Accepted Answer

The cognitive perspective emphasizes the role of faulty thinking and distorted perceptions in the development and maintenance of psychological disorders. This perspective suggests that modifying negative or dysfunctional thoughts and beliefs can lead to improved mental health outcomes. The learning perspective focuses on how behavior is learned through experience and reinforcement, the biological perspective emphasizes the role of genetic and physiological factors in mental illness, and the humanistic perspective emphasizes the importance of people's subjective experiences and self-actualization in mental health.

Question 8

Which of the following perspectives has, as its goal, getting rid of the behavioural symptoms of the disorder (such as the fear, the inappropriate behaviour, etc.) rather than identifying and treating an underlying cause?

Accepted Answer

The learning perspective focuses on identifying and changing specific behaviors, rather than looking for underlying causes. Its goal is to eliminate or reduce the behavioral symptoms of the disorder, such as anxiety or inappropriate behavior.

Question 9

Jefferson is convinced that abnormal behaviours arise from structural abnormalities and chemical imbalances in the brain. His view of abnormal behaviour is most consistent with

Accepted Answer

Jefferson's belief that abnormal behaviour has physical roots such as structural abnormalities and chemical imbalances in the brain aligns with the biological perspective, which understands mental disorders as being caused by genetic, neurological or physiological factors. The other perspectives listed (psychodynamic, humanistic, and cognitive) focus on different aspects of psychology such as understanding how past experiences shape personality (psychodynamic), individual growth and self-fulfillment (humanistic), and how thoughts and beliefs influence behaviour (cognitive).

Question 10

Which is a suggested cause of abnormal behaviour from the learning perspective?

Accepted Answer

The learning perspective suggests that abnormal behaviors can develop as a result of faulty learning. This may include maladaptive learning experiences or conditioning processes that promote detrimental behavior.

Question 11

Niall is going to see a therapist for his anxiety attacks. The therapist spends the session discussing with Niall his negative thinking about himself and his abilities. The therapist attempts to have Niall replace his negative thoughts with rational, positive ones. Which of the following perspectives is the therapist using?

Accepted Answer

The therapist is using the cognitive perspective, which focuses on how thoughts and perceptions impact behavior and emotions. The therapist is specifically helping Niall replace negative thoughts with positive ones, which is a key element of cognitive therapy.

Question 12

Although the term neurosis has not been used officially since 1980, it applied to

Accepted Answer

Neurosis was used to describe disorders that caused personal distress and impairment in functioning, but did not involve loss of contact with reality or violation of important social norms. This term has since been replaced with more specific diagnostic categories in the DSM-5.

Question 13

Which of the following statements is not true according to the biological perspective?

Accepted Answer

While the biological perspective emphasizes the role of genetic factors in mental disorders, it does not suggest that mental disorders are directly inherited in a simple one-to-one fashion. Instead, it acknowledges that genetics can increase susceptibility to mental disorders, but environmental factors also play a crucial role. Genetics can contribute to the risk of developing a mental disorder, but it's typically through a complex interaction of multiple genes and environmental factors, rather than direct inheritance.

Question 14

Marita is seeing a therapist because she is hearing voices that tell her to do bad things to her neighbour. The doctor prescribes medication for the hallucinations and explores her family history for signs of mental illness. Which of the following perspectives is the therapist using?

Accepted Answer

The therapist is using the biological perspective by prescribing medication to treat the hallucinations and exploring her family history for signs of mental illness. This perspective focuses on the biological factors, such as genetics and brain chemistry, that may contribute to mental health disorders.

Question 15

The DSM-5, a manual published by the American Psychiatric Association, enables

Accepted Answer

The DSM-5 is used by a diverse group of professionals in the mental health field to speak the same language and have a common understanding of various psychological disorders. It does not provide treatment or cure for psychological disorders, nor does it explain the causes of disorders to the general public. It does outline criteria for each disorder, but does not prescribe specific treatments.

Question 16

The term neurosis was used

Accepted Answer

The term neurosis was historically used to refer to a category of disorders that involved significant personal distress and some impairment of functioning, but were not as severe as those classified as psychotic disorders. However, this term is no longer used in the DSM-5, and specific diagnoses such as anxiety disorders and obsessive-compulsive and related disorders have taken its place.

Question 17

Which of the following causes of mental disorders is not consistent with the biological perspective?

Accepted Answer

The biological perspective focuses on the physical causes of mental disorders, such as genetics, biochemical imbalances, and structural abnormalities within the brain. Negative thinking is a psychological perspective and is not considered a physical cause of mental disorders in the biological perspective.

Question 18

Which perspective suggests that the way to treat psychological disorders is to increase self-acceptance and become more inner-directed?

Accepted Answer

The humanistic perspective emphasizes personal growth, self-acceptance, and the fulfillment of human potential. This perspective suggests that the way to treat psychological disorders is to increase self-acceptance and become more inner-directed. Humanistic therapies such as client-centered therapy and gestalt therapy focus on developing an individual's self-awareness, personal responsibility, and capacity for making healthy choices.

Question 19

Which is a suggested cause of abnormal behaviour from the humanistic perspective?

Accepted Answer

From the humanistic perspective, abnormal behaviour is the result of a blocking of the natural tendency toward self-actualization. This means that when individuals are unable to fulfill their innate need for personal growth and development, they may exhibit abnormal behaviour as a result. Unlike other perspectives which may attribute abnormal behaviour to unconscious conflicts, faulty learning, or negative thinking, the humanistic perspective focuses on how individuals can achieve their full potential and become the best version of themselves.

Question 20

Which of the following statements is true regarding the distinction between normal and abnormal behaviour?

Accepted Answer

While abnormal behaviour is often defined as behaviour that deviates from cultural norms or causes distress or impairment, it is possible for some individuals to exhibit abnormal behaviour without experiencing personal distress. Therefore, statement C is true while statements A, B, and D are not.

Quiz 13: Psychological Disorders

The earliest explanation of abnormal behaviour was that disturbed people

Which of the following is not a question offered by the text to determine what behaviour is abnormal?

The basic function of the DSM-5 is to

Graham consults with a patient who is complaining of hearing voices and having strange thoughts. He asks the patient to undergo a series of tests, including a brain scan and a complete blood test. The perspective that Graham has on abnormal behaviour is most likely the

Which of the following is not a question offered by the text to determine what behaviour is abnormal?

Which of the following perspectives suggests that faulty thinking or distorted perceptions contribute to some types of psychological disorders?

Which of the following perspectives has, as its goal, getting rid of the behavioural symptoms of the disorder (such as the fear, the inappropriate behaviour, etc.) rather than identifying and treating an underlying cause?

Jefferson is convinced that abnormal behaviours arise from structural abnormalities and chemical imbalances in the brain. His view of abnormal behaviour is most consistent with

Which is a suggested cause of abnormal behaviour from the learning perspective?

Although the term neurosis has not been used officially since 1980, it applied to

Which of the following statements is not true according to the biological perspective?

Marita is seeing a therapist because she is hearing voices that tell her to do bad things to her neighbour. The doctor prescribes medication for the hallucinations and explores her family history for signs of mental illness. Which of the following perspectives is the therapist using?

The DSM-5, a manual published by the American Psychiatric Association, enables

The term neurosis was used

Which of the following causes of mental disorders is not consistent with the biological perspective?

Which perspective suggests that the way to treat psychological disorders is to increase self-acceptance and become more inner-directed?

Which is a suggested cause of abnormal behaviour from the humanistic perspective?

Which of the following statements is true regarding the distinction between normal and abnormal behaviour?