Question 1

A cell that was producing large amounts of lipoproteins (proteins combined with lipids)for secretion from the cell would have large numbers of

Accepted Answer

The Golgi apparatus is responsible for processing and modifying proteins and lipids to form lipoproteins. Therefore, a cell producing large amounts of lipoproteins would have an increased number of Golgi apparatus. Lysosomes, centrioles, and membrane transporters are not directly involved in lipoprotein production.

Question 2

All of the following are protein components of the cytoskeleton EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Centrosomes are not proteins, but rather organelles that organize microtubules.

Question 3

Which of these cells would most likely have the largest number of mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

Muscle cells require a lot of energy for their function, and therefore have many mitochondria to produce ATP through aerobic respiration.

Question 4

Which of the following statements is TRUE concerning the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

All of these statements are true of cell membranes. Cholesterol provides added strength and flexibility to the membrane, receptor molecules are embedded in the membrane for intercellular communication and cellular recognition, and carbohydrates can bind to protein molecules to modify their function as membrane channels.

Question 5

Which of the following would occur if all cell membranes were no longer selectively permeable?

Accepted Answer

Selective permeability is crucial for maintaining the cell's internal environment, facilitating communication and nutrient exchange, and protecting against harmful substances. If cell membranes were not selectively permeable, action potentials couldn't be generated due to the inability to maintain ion gradients, cells could not maintain osmotic balance leading to isotonic conditions, the body's defense mechanisms would be compromised increasing illness and disease risk, and cells would struggle to regulate glucose intake and retention, affecting energy production and overall function.

Question 6

A cell examined under the microscope shows large amounts of rough endoplasmic reticulum,many Golgi apparatuses,and many secretory vesicles.To which of the following tissues would this cell most likely belong?

Accepted Answer

The presence of large amounts of rough endoplasmic reticulum, many Golgi apparatuses, and many secretory vesicles indicates a cell that is actively producing and secreting proteins. Mammary glands secrete milk proteins, making them the most likely tissue for a cell with these characteristics.

Question 7

Moveable projections from the surface of cells found in abundance in the respiratory tract are

Accepted Answer

The moveable projections from the surface of cells in the respiratory tract are cilia. Flagella are usually found on sperm cells and are longer than cilia. Centrioles are involved in cell division and are not found on the surface of cells. Microvilli are small projections found in the small intestine to increase surface area for absorption. Nucleoli are structures found within the nucleus of a cell.

Question 8

Secretory vesicles pinch off from

Accepted Answer

Secretory vesicles are formed by the Golgi apparatus. They transport molecules such as proteins to the plasma membrane or outside the cell for secretion.

Question 9

Concerning the nucleus:

Accepted Answer

All of these properties are true of the nucleus.

Question 10

Cell membranes are said to be selectively permeable because they

Accepted Answer

Cell membranes are selectively permeable because they allow certain molecules and ions to pass through freely, while restricting the passage of others. This selective permeability is important for maintaining proper cellular function and preventing harmful substances from entering the cell.

Question 11

Which of the following organelles are incorrectly paired with their location within the cell?

Accepted Answer

The golgi apparatus is not located on the cell surface; it is actually located within the cytoplasm of the cell.

Question 12

Substances outside the cell membrane are called

Accepted Answer

The answer of Substances outside the cell membrane are called
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Question 13

____________ are a component of the cytoskeleton that help to provide support,assist in cell division and help to form cilia.

Accepted Answer

While all of the options are part of the cytoskeleton, only microtubules are involved in all three functions listed: providing support, assisting in cell division, and forming cilia. Microfilaments and intermediate filaments are primarily involved in providing support and maintaining cell shape. Centrosomes, while involved in organizing microtubules during cell division, are not a component of the cytoskeleton themselves.

Question 14

Cell shrinkage is also called

Accepted Answer

Cell shrinkage is commonly called crenation, which occurs when a cell loses water and shrinks due to osmotic imbalance. Lysis refers to the bursting of a cell due to excessive swelling or pressure, while cellular dissolution and hydrostatic pressure are not specific terms related to cell shrinkage. Therefore, only choice A is the best answer.

Question 15

Which of these structures are NOT correctly matched with their description?

Accepted Answer

Flagella are long, whip-like structures used for cell movement, typically one or few per cell, not short projections or many per cell.

Question 16

White blood cells that take up bacteria through phagocytosis would be expected to have large numbers of

Accepted Answer

Lysosomes are responsible for degrading and digesting materials, such as bacteria, that are taken up by phagocytosis. Therefore, white blood cells that are actively phagocytosing bacteria would be expected to have large numbers of lysosomes.

Question 17

Phospholipid molecules

Accepted Answer

Phospholipid molecules are arranged in a double layer in the cell membrane, with their polar heads facing outward and their nonpolar tails facing inward. The phosphate-containing end is polar and hydrophilic, while the fatty acid end is nonpolar and hydrophobic.

Question 18

_____________ is an example of a molecule that can directly pass through the phospholipids bilayer of the plasma membrane.

Accepted Answer

Carbon dioxide is a small, nonpolar molecule that can easily pass through the phospholipid bilayer by simple diffusion. The other molecules listed, such as potassium, sodium, glucose, and calcium are either charged or too large to pass through the membrane without the help of specialized proteins.

Question 19

The nucleolus

Accepted Answer

The nucleolus is a region within the nucleus of a cell that is responsible for producing the large and small ribosomal subunits. It is not located in the cytoplasm, as it is contained within the nucleus and does not have its own distinct membrane. While the nucleolus is important for cellular processes, it is not directly involved in the formation of the Golgi apparatus. Therefore, the best choice is B.

Question 20

According to the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane,

Accepted Answer

The fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane describes a lipid bilayer in which protein molecules float, performing important cellular functions. This is the best choice as it accurately reflects the model. Choice B is incorrect because there is not a double protein layer, but a double lipid layer. Choice C is incorrect because lipids, not fats, make up the majority of the membrane. Choice D is incorrect because while carbohydrates are present in the membrane, they do not function as channels. Choice E is incorrect because the nonpolar ends of phospholipids are shielded from water by the polar ends of the phospholipids, forming the lipid bilayer.

Quiz 3: Cell Structures and Their Functions

A cell that was producing large amounts of lipoproteins (proteins combined with lipids) for secretion from the cell would have large numbers of