Question 1

Reading Recovery is an intervention program that was designed to address the needs of:

Accepted Answer

Reading Recovery is specifically designed for first grade students who are struggling with reading and writing.

Question 2

Teacher Joe Capp would like all of his students to discuss a novel, Because of Winn-Dixie, but some of the students are unable to read the text independently. This teacher should:

Accepted Answer

Reading the text aloud to the students ensures that all students have access to the same information and can participate in the discussion of the novel. Asking the struggling students to read at home or assigning additional worksheets may create further difficulties and gaps in learning. Round-robin reading may also be ineffective if some students struggle to decode and comprehend the text while reading aloud.

Question 3

When a teacher practices differentiated instruction, he should:

Accepted Answer

Differentiated instruction requires flexible grouping based on the needs of the students. Ability grouping can limit students' potential, and social needs should not be the primary consideration for grouping. Allowing students to place themselves in permanent groups may also not be the most effective approach.

Question 4

Many students in Kathy Sites' class are advanced readers who can apply comprehension strategies and discuss challenging books with minimal teacher guidance. The most appropriate activity for these students would be:

Accepted Answer

Literature Circles are the most appropriate activity for advanced readers who can apply comprehension strategies and discuss challenging books with minimal teacher guidance. Literature Circles allow students to interact with challenging texts in a small group setting, encouraging students to share ideas and collaborate on deeper-level thinking. This activity is ideal for students who are advanced in reading comprehension, as it allows them to dive deeply into texts and explore complex themes and literary devices.

Question 5

A Response to Intervention (RTI) program involves three tiers. During the first tier, students:

Accepted Answer

During the first tier of an RTI program, students are typically screened to identify any academic difficulties they may be experiencing. This helps to catch issues early on and provide early interventions to help students succeed. While options such as special education programs, Reading Recovery, and daily tutoring sessions may be used in later tiers of an RTI program, they are not typically the focus of the first tier.

Question 6

Teachers in the Brady School District plan to use a computer-based program as an intervention for those who struggle in learning to read. To help the students make the most progress, the computer-based program should:

Accepted Answer

The computer-based program should supplement classroom instruction, not replace it or interfere with other important activities such as library visits. Using it with round-robin reading may not be effective for all students and may cause some to feel anxious or embarrassed. Therefore, the best choice is to use it as a supplement to classroom instruction to provide additional support and practice for struggling readers.

Question 7

Several fifth grade students have been having difficulty reading an assigned novel and need teacher support to comprehend the text. Of the following, the most appropriate instructional technique to use with these students would be:

Accepted Answer

Guided Reading involves the teacher leading small groups of students in reading and discussing a text that is appropriately challenging for their reading level. This approach allows for targeted instruction and individualized support, which would be helpful for students who need extra help comprehending a novel. Reading Recovery is typically used with individual students who are struggling with reading, while Accelerated Reader and Sustained Silent Reading are more focused on independent reading and assessment rather than explicit instruction and support.

Question 8

Of the following, the most appropriate role for a school literacy coach is to:

Accepted Answer

The most appropriate role for a school literacy coach is to collaborate with teachers to design instruction. This allows for a more comprehensive and effective approach to improving literacy skills, as the coach can work with teachers to assess student needs, provide targeted professional development, and develop instructional plans that align with classroom goals and objectives. While working individually with students who struggle in reading may be a component of this role, the primary focus should be on supporting teachers in their efforts to improve literacy outcomes for their students. Conducting teacher observations and planning instructional programs for parents may also be important tasks, but they are not as central to the role of a literacy coach as collaborating with teachers.

Question 9

To increase the likelihood that all students will be successful, teachers should:

Accepted Answer

Tiered lessons allow teachers to differentiate instruction based on student readiness, interest, and learning profile. This increases the likelihood that all students will be successful as each student is given tasks that suit their individual needs and enables them to learn effectively. The other choices may not address the differences in student needs and therefore may not result in equitable success for all students.

Question 10

Two teachers are working together to plan a unit on space exploration. These teachers should design activities:

Accepted Answer

Designing activities with multiple options allows for differentiation based on students' strengths and needs, leading to a more inclusive and effective learning environment. Firm requirements that assess all students in the same manner may not account for individual differences and can lead to unequal opportunities for success. Requiring all students to read grade level materials assumes that all students are at the same reading level, which is rarely the case. Requiring every student to give an oral presentation may not be appropriate for all learners and could cause unnecessary stress or anxiety for some students.

Question 11

When Rida, an English learner, joined the second grade class, the principal wisely stated that guided reading:

Accepted Answer

The principal made a wise statement that guided reading is an appropriate instructional approach for students who are English learners. This suggests that guided reading can be helpful for second grade students who are learning English.

Question 12

When the school year began, a new teacher planned many reading activities for her class. Veteran teachers correctly advised that she should use a single text:

Accepted Answer

Using a single text only 25% of the time allows a teacher to differentiate instruction, catering to the diverse learning needs and reading levels of students in the classroom. This approach enables the teacher to provide a variety of texts that can meet individual student needs, interests, and abilities, thereby enhancing learning outcomes.

Question 13

Since the mid-1960s, young children of economically disadvantaged families in the United States have been participating in a federally funded early intervention program known as:

Accepted Answer

The federally funded early intervention program that has been providing services to economically disadvantaged children in the United States since the mid-1960s is Head Start. Even Start is a family literacy program, Reading Recovery is a short-term intervention program for students who struggle with reading, and Response to Intervention is a multi-tiered system of support for students who show signs of academic or behavioral difficulties.

Question 14

Research suggests that the factor which has the greatest impact upon a student's literacy progress is the:

Accepted Answer

Research consistently shows that the expertise of the teacher has the greatest impact on a student's literacy progress, even more than the specific instructional materials or interventions used. The teacher's ability to plan effective instruction, deliver engaging lessons, differentiate instruction for diverse learners, and provide targeted feedback is key to student success.

Question 15

In the most effective intervention programs, students are instructed by:

Accepted Answer

Certified teachers are the most qualified and experienced individuals to serve as instructors in intervention programs. They have the necessary knowledge and training to address the specific needs of struggling students and to deliver effective instruction. While paraprofessionals and peer tutors can also provide valuable support, they may not have the same level of expertise and may require more supervision. Parent volunteers can be helpful in certain contexts, but they may not have the necessary training or qualifications to serve as primary instructors. Therefore, certified teachers are the best choice for intervention programs.

Question 16

The most effective way to help students who struggle with writing is to provide:

Accepted Answer

Providing more opportunities for authentic writing allows struggling students to practice applying writing skills in real-world situations, which can be more motivating and effective than isolated drills or exercises. This approach also allows for targeted feedback and support from teachers or peers. While spelling drills and workbook exercises may have some value, they are less likely to address the underlying issues that struggling students may face in writing. Topics for daily compositions may be useful, but may also limit creativity and personal expression.

Question 17

Literacy Centers:

Accepted Answer

Literacy centers can be used at any grade level, from early childhood to high school. The specific activities may vary depending on the age and needs of the students, but the concept of rotating through a set of literacy-focused stations can benefit learners of all ages.

Question 18

To help students monitor their progress and develop responsibility for completing their assignments, teachers should:

Accepted Answer

Providing checklists for students to track their progress allows them to take responsibility for their own learning and monitor their work without relying solely on the teacher. This skill will also benefit them in future academic and professional settings. Checking workbooks daily and providing individualized homework packets may be helpful, but they do not necessarily promote student responsibility and monitoring of progress. Creating individualized projects may not be feasible for all teachers and may not necessarily teach students how to monitor their own progress.

Question 19

According to the program's design, Reading Recovery instruction should be delivered by:

Accepted Answer

According to the program's design, Reading Recovery instruction should be delivered by a specially trained and supervised teacher. This is because the program involves intense one-on-one instruction tailored to the specific needs of each individual student. Paraprofessionals or peers may not have the necessary training or qualifications to provide this level of instruction, and parents or guardians may not have the time or expertise to effectively support their child's literacy development in this way.

Question 20

Many schools use computer-based programs such as Accelerated Reader and Reading Counts! to track students' progress. Computer-based programs:

Accepted Answer

Computer-based programs like Accelerated Reader and Reading Counts! allow every student to read a different text according to their level and interest, which is consistent with differentiated instruction. Students can also track their progress and set goals, making it a useful tool for teachers to monitor and support individualized learning.

Quiz 11: Differentiating for Success