Question 1

The nucleus __________ is an area of the brain underneath the frontal cortex that is involved in experiencing pleasure.Stimulation of this area in depressed people releases dopamine and triggers smiling and laughing.

Accepted Answer

The correct term for the area of the brain in question is the nucleus accumbens. It is involved in pleasure, reward, and reinforcement learning. Stimulation of this area releases dopamine, which is associated with feelings of pleasure and happiness. The other choices (cureleus, abducens, and chiasm) are not related to this function in the brain.

Question 2

On average,the expression of a true emotion will last approximately __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of On average,the expression of a true emotion...

Question 3

__________ units refer to the 46 unique movements involved in the facial expressions that indicate emotions.

Accepted Answer

Action units refer to the 46 unique movements involved in facial expressions that indicate emotions, as defined in the Facial Action Coding System (FACS) developed by psychologists Paul Ekman and Wallace V. Friesen.

Question 4

On one episode of the popular television comedy Friends,Rachel ran into some of her old sorority sisters.Even though she was only mildly happy to see these friends,she squealed with glee,ran to them,hugged,and jumped up and down in a foolishly comedic moment.Rachel's behavior here is an example of __________.

Accepted Answer

Rachel's behavior is an example of intensification because she exaggerated her actual feelings of happiness when she saw her old sorority sisters by squealing with glee, running to them, hugging, and jumping up and down.

Question 5

Isn't it amazing how when you're in a really foul mood - angry at the world,one might say - that all of the bad drivers come out to get in your way? It seems like when you're just hot under the collar,people seem to know it and they drive badly just to irritate you more.Maybe,instead,you just notice the other bad drivers more when you're angry.This is an example of __________ processing.

Accepted Answer

This is an example of mood-congruent processing, where the individual's negative mood affects their perception and interpretation of events, making them more likely to notice and remember negative stimuli (such as bad drivers). This phenomenon has been studied in psychology and is a common experience for many people.

Question 6

Some people believe that if you are angry you should express your feelings,because getting the emotions "out" will help them to go away faster.According to the work of Ekman and Friesen,what do you know about this belief?

Accepted Answer

Ekman and Friesen found that expressing emotions seems to intensify, not diminish, how we feel them. Therefore, expressing anger may not be the best way to make it go away faster.

Question 7

According to research,who is better at flirting,men or women?

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that women are generally better at picking up on nonverbal cues and using them in their flirting techniques. They are also more likely to use subtle and indirect ways of flirting, which can be more effective in creating attraction.

Question 8

__________ refers to showing no emotion,even though the person is actually feeling one.A good example of this would be the use of a "poker face" when playing cards.

Accepted Answer

Neutralizing refers to the process of hiding one's true emotions, making oneself appear emotionless, similar to maintaining a "poker face" in poker to conceal one's true feelings or reactions.

Question 9

Which of the following emotions would be most likely to stimulate activity on the right side of the prefrontal cortex?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that negative emotions such as guilt, sadness and fear tend to stimulate activity on the right hemisphere of the brain, especially the right prefrontal cortex.

Question 10

At the recent funeral of her husband of over 50 years,Marcie kept a very straight face,thanked people politely for their condolences,and sat very still during the religious ceremony.Despite the fact that she was racked with sadness,she did not let these emotions show to any great extreme.This is an example of __________.

Accepted Answer

Marcie's behavior of suppressing her emotions and showing less extreme expressions of sadness is an example of deintensification, where a person tries to tone down their emotions and present a more acceptable or controlled display of feelings in a particular situation.

Question 11

While a polygraph test is often referred to as a lie detector,in truth it should be called a(n)__________ detector.

Accepted Answer

Polygraph tests measure physiological responses such as heart rate, blood pressure, respiration, and skin conductivity, which can change due to emotional responses. They do not directly detect lies but rather the emotional reactions that may accompany lying.

Question 12

In general,which of the following groups can detect and interpret nonverbal cues the best?

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that women tend to be better at decoding nonverbal cues than men. They are more perceptive when it comes to facial expressions, body language, and vocal intonation. This advantage could be attributed to societal norms that promote communication and emotional expression among women. Additionally, studies suggest that women have better connectivity between the brain regions responsible for language and emotion processing, giving them an edge in interpreting nonverbal cues.

Question 13

In order to know whether someone is displaying a real emotion or a fake emotion,it is necessary to study the __________,or shape,of the muscle groups they are using.

Accepted Answer

The shape or structure of the muscle groups used in facial expressions can be studied through morphology, which is the scientific study of the physical form and structure of organisms. Syntology, phrenology, and arkology are not relevant to the study of facial expressions.

Question 14

"Turn that frown upside down,mister!" Maybe you heard this line from a grandparent at some point in your life.Okay,if you are a girl,maybe it was "missy," but you get the point! According to the __________ hypothesis,smiling can,in fact,cause you to become happier!

Accepted Answer

The facial feedback hypothesis proposes that facial expressions can influence emotional experiences, so smiling can cause an increase in happiness. Myographic stimulation, positive muscular, and masking are not relevant hypotheses for this concept.

Question 15

Which of the following physical changes is likely to be initiated by the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

The sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for the "fight or flight" response, which includes increased arousal and readiness for action. One physical change associated with this response is increased pupil dilation, which allows for better visual acuity in preparation for potential threats. The other options (B, C, and D) are associated with the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system, which promotes rest and relaxation.

Question 16

Which of the following people is likely to demonstrate a facial expression that is symmetrical,that is uses approximately the same muscle groups on both sides of their face?

Accepted Answer

Lisa, who is genuinely happy, is likely to display a symmetrical facial expression. Positive emotions such as happiness generally involve the activation of the same muscle groups on both sides of the face.

Question 17

__________ processing is the selective perception of stimuli congruent with the emotional state of the person experiencing the stimuli

Accepted Answer

Mood-congruent processing refers to a cognitive bias in which individuals selectively attend to and remember information that is consistent with their current emotional state. For example, if someone is feeling sad, they may be more likely to focus on and remember negative events or details. This type of processing is thought to influence how people interpret and respond to events in their environment, and may contribute to the maintenance of certain emotional states (e.g. depression).

Question 18

Research into the universality of facial expressions has revealed which of the following phenomena?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that blind children, who have never seen facial expressions, still express emotions using the same facial expressions as sighted individuals, indicating a biological basis for these expressions.

Question 19

When you get into your car,there are either two or three pedals on the floor (depending on the type of transmission that you drive).One pedal makes the car speed up,while still another pedal slows the car back down.In your autonomic nervous system,which division would be the brake pedal?

Accepted Answer

The parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system acts like the brake pedal for the body, slowing down bodily functions and conserving energy after the sympathetic division has activated the body's fight-or-flight response.

Question 20

When Harry and Suzette recently applied for the same job,they found out that they had interviews on the same day,in consecutive hours.As they sat making idle chitchat before the first interview,each wished each other good luck,shook hands,and smiled.Deep inside,however,each was really thinking that they'd like the other to do poorly so that the job would be more easily won! This process of showing one emotion while feeling another is called __________.

Accepted Answer

Masking is the process of showing one emotion while feeling another, which is exactly what Harry and Suzette are doing in this scenario. Muting refers to suppressing or dampening an emotion, and deceiving refers to intentionally misleading someone. Affective re-expressing is a term used in the field of psychology to describe the process of changing one's emotional response to a situation.

Quiz 13: Emotion and Motivation