Question 1

Studies in the Arab world found that workers in ________scored highest on job satisfaction.
A) Oman and Jordan
B) Bahrain and Saudi Arabia
C) Kuwait and Qatar
D) Lebanon and Morocco

Accepted Answer

The answer of Studies in the Arab world found that...

Question 2

The component of attitude that is made up of beliefs and opinions is _________.
A) affective
B) cognitive
C) practices
D) behavioral

Accepted Answer

The cognitive component of attitude refers to the beliefs and opinions that a person has about a particular matter. The affective component deals with the emotional aspect of attitude, while the behavioral component is concerned with the actions that a person takes based on their attitude. Practices are not a component of attitude.

Question 3

________is a performance measure of both efficiency and effectiveness of employees.
A) Job satisfaction
B) Turnover
C) Employee productivity
D) Organizational citizenship behavior

Accepted Answer

Employee productivity measures the output of work in relation to the input of resources, including time, energy, and materials. It reflects both the efficiency and effectiveness of employees in performing their tasks, making it a key performance measure for organizations. A high level of employee productivity indicates that the employees are utilizing their resources effectively and producing high-quality work, which is essential for achieving organizational goals.

Question 4

Which of the following cases contains an element that may lead a politician to correct cognitive dissonance?
A) The politician has the power to pass legislation to keep the spotted owl from extinction.
B) The politician will get reelected for ignoring the needs of the spotted owl.
C) A politician does not really care if the spotted owl lives or becomes extinct.
D) The politician grew up in the city.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive dissonance occurs when beliefs or values conflict with actions, leading to discomfort or tension. In this scenario, if the politician believes in environmental conservation and the protection of endangered species, but is not taking action to protect the spotted owl, this may create dissonance. Passing legislation to protect the spotted owl would resolve this dissonance. B and C do not involve conflicting beliefs or actions, and D is not relevant to the situation.

Question 5

In the statement, "The highway is very busy at 5 P.M. and is scary to drive, so I'll wait until 7 P.M. to go home," the phrase, "so I'll wait until 7 P.M. to go home," represents which component of an attitude?
A) behavioral
B) emotive
C) affective
D) cognitive

Accepted Answer

The phrase "so I'll wait until 7 P.M. to go home" represents the behavioral component of an attitude, which refers to the actual actions or behaviors one takes as a result of their attitude.

Question 6

When someone chooses to act in a certain way, s/he is demonstrating the________ _ component of their attitude.
A) affective
B) practices
C) behavioral
D) cognitive

Accepted Answer

The behavioral component of an attitude refers to a person's actions or behaviors that are consistent with their attitude. Therefore, when someone chooses to act in a certain way, they are demonstrating the behavioral component of their attitude.

Question 7

Usually, the term attitude refers only to the________ component.
A) behavioral
B) affective
C) emotive
D) cognitive

Accepted Answer

Attitude typically refers to the affective component, which deals with emotions, feelings, and evaluations towards an object or situation. The cognitive component pertains to beliefs and thoughts, the behavioral component relates to actions taken towards the object or situation, and the emotive component is not a widely recognized component of attitudes.

Question 8

What is not one way that workplace misbehavior shows up in organizations?
A) aggression
B) deviance
C) regression
D) antisocial behavior

Accepted Answer

Regression is not typically considered a way that workplace misbehavior shows up in organizations. Aggression, deviance, and antisocial behavior are all commonly recognized forms of misbehavior in the workplace.

Question 9

Which of the following is true about organizationally committed and satisfied employees?
A) higher rates of cognitive dissonance
B) lower rates of turnover and absenteeism
C) much higher pay levels
D) higher rates of voluntary turnover

Accepted Answer

Organizational commitment and job satisfaction are strongly associated with lower rates of turnover and absenteeism. Employees who are committed to their organization and satisfied with their job are less likely to leave the organization voluntarily or miss work. Choices A and D are incorrect, as higher rates of cognitive dissonance and voluntary turnover are associated with low levels of job satisfaction and commitment. Choice C is also incorrect, as pay level is not necessarily linked to organizational commitment and job satisfaction.

Question 10

The degree to which an employee identifies with his or her job or actively participates in it refers to the employee's ________.
A) global commitment
B) job involvement
C) job satisfaction
D) organizational commitment

Accepted Answer

Job involvement refers to the level of importance and personal significance an employee assigns to their job, as well as their willingness to actively engage and participate in it. Global commitment and organizational commitment refer to a broader sense of loyalty or attachment to the organization as a whole, while job satisfaction refers to an employee's overall positive feelings about their job.

Question 11

The three components that make up an attitude are _________ .
A) knowledge, opinion, and individual history
B) cognitive, affective, and behavioral
C) traits, behavioral, and emotional
D) intention, opinion, and environment

Accepted Answer

The three components that make up an attitude are cognitive (knowledge and beliefs about the attitude object), affective (emotions and feelings associated with the attitude object), and behavioral (inclinations to act or behave in certain ways towards the attitude object). Option A is incorrect because opinion is part of the affective component. Option C is incorrect because traits are not necessarily components of attitudes. Option D is incorrect because environment is not a component of attitudes, but it may influence attitudes.

Question 12

In the statement, "The highway is very busy at 5 P.M. and is scary to drive on, so I'll wait until 7 P.M. to go home," the phrase, "The highway is very busy," represents which component of an attitude?
A) affective
B) behavioral
C) emotive
D) cognitive

Accepted Answer

The phrase "The highway is very busy" represents a cognitive component of an attitude, as it reflects the individual's beliefs and thoughts about the situation. The affective component involves emotions and feelings toward the situation, while the behavioral component involves actions or behaviors taken in response to the attitude. Emotive is not a recognized component of attitude.

Question 13

________is the failure to report to work.
A) Turnover
B) Absenteeism
C) Negligence
D) Tardiness

Accepted Answer

Absenteeism is the failure to report to work. Turnover refers to the rate at which employees leave an organization, negligence refers to the failure to take proper care in doing one's job, and tardiness refers to being late for work.

Question 14

Because of globalization, managers are more interested in understanding the impact of________ on people's behavior.
A) regional economic blocs
B) strategic alliances between Arab companies
C) satellite news channels (such as Al- Jazeera and Alarabiya)
D) national culture

Accepted Answer

Globalization has resulted in increased cultural exchange and exposure to different values, beliefs, and norms. Therefore, managers are interested in understanding how national culture shapes people's behavior in different regions and countries.

Question 15

The________ component of attitude is based on emotions.
A) practice
B) behavioral
C) affective
D) cognitive

Accepted Answer

The affective component of attitude refers to the emotional aspect of attitude, which is based on one's feelings and emotions towards a particular object or situation.

Question 16

What does research evidence suggest about the statement, "Happy workers are productive workers"?
A) We can say with some certainty that the correlation between satisfaction and productivity is fairly strong.
B) There is strong supportive evidence since the Hawthorne Studies.
C) It's false. Instead, productive workers are least happy.
D) There is no relationship between the two variables.

Accepted Answer

Research evidence suggests that there is a positive correlation between job satisfaction and productivity, although it is not always a strong correlation. Many studies have found that when employees are happier and more satisfied with their work, they tend to be more productive and perform better. However, there are other factors that can affect productivity as well, such as job demands, resources, and skill level.

Question 17

The cognitive dissonance theory proposed that the desire to reduce dissonance is determined by________ .
A) stability, position, and power
B) awareness, status, and punishments
C) economics, politics, and organizational structure
D) importance, influence, and rewards

Accepted Answer

The cognitive dissonance theory proposes that people have a desire to reduce dissonance, which is determined by the importance of the issues at hand, the influence that they perceive they have, and the potential rewards involved. Therefore, option D is the correct answer.

Question 18

In the statement, "The highway is very busy at 5 P.M., and is scary to drive on, so I'll wait until 7 P.M. to go home," the word "scary" represents which component of an attitude?
A) behavioral
B) cognitive
C) affective
D) emotive

Accepted Answer

The word "scary" represents the affective component of an attitude, which is the emotional or feeling aspect of an attitude.

Question 19

________is employees' general belief that their organization values their contribution and cares about their well- being.
A) Organizational commitment
B) Job involvement
C) Cognitive dissonance
D) Perceived organizational support

Accepted Answer

Perceived organizational support refers to employees' perception that their organization values their contribution and cares about their well-being. This perception can lead to greater job satisfaction, job performance, and lower turnover.

Question 20

The degree to which an employee identifies with a particular organization and its goals and wishes to maintain its membership in the organization is the employees'________ .
A) global commitment
B) organizational commitment
C) job involvement
D) organizational citizenship

Accepted Answer

The term that best fits the given description is "organizational commitment". It refers to the psychological attachment of employees to their organization, where they feel a sense of loyalty, belongingness, and dedication towards the organization's goals and objectives. This commitment can be further classified as affective (emotional attachment to the organization), continuance (sense of obligation to remain in the organization), and normative (sense of responsibility to stay with the organization).

Quiz 13: Understanding Individual Behaviour

Studies in the Arab world found that workers in ________scored highest on job satisfaction.

The component of attitude that is made up of beliefs and opinions is _________.

________is a performance measure of both efficiency and effectiveness of employees.

Which of the following cases contains an element that may lead a politician to correct cognitive dissonance?

In the statement, "The highway is very busy at 5 P.M. and is scary to drive, so I'll wait until 7 P.M. to go home," the phrase, "so I'll wait until 7 P.M. to go home," represents which component of an attitude?

When someone chooses to act in a certain way, s/he is demonstrating the________ _ component of their attitude.

Usually, the term attitude refers only to the________ component.

What is not one way that workplace misbehavior shows up in organizations?

Which of the following is true about organizationally committed and satisfied employees?

The degree to which an employee identifies with his or her job or actively participates in it refers to the employee's ________.

The three components that make up an attitude are _________ .

In the statement, "The highway is very busy at 5 P.M. and is scary to drive on, so I'll wait until 7 P.M. to go home," the phrase, "The highway is very busy," represents which component of an attitude?

________is the failure to report to work.

Because of globalization, managers are more interested in understanding the impact of________ on people's behavior.

The________ component of attitude is based on emotions.

What does research evidence suggest about the statement, "Happy workers are productive workers"?

The cognitive dissonance theory proposed that the desire to reduce dissonance is determined by________ .

In the statement, "The highway is very busy at 5 P.M., and is scary to drive on, so I'll wait until 7 P.M. to go home," the word "scary" represents which component of an attitude?

________is employees' general belief that their organization values their contribution and cares about their well- being.

The degree to which an employee identifies with a particular organization and its goals and wishes to maintain its membership in the organization is the employees'________ .