Question 1

With what kind of style do followers of Judaism and Islam worship Yahweh and Allah?

Accepted Answer

Followers of Judaism and Islam worship Yahweh and Allah through practices and rituals that are defined by their religious laws and traditions, which is more aligned with behavioristic approaches involving observable actions.

Question 2

While the behavioristic God of the Torah is , the behavioristic God of the Koran is .

Accepted Answer

The behavioristic God of the Torah is portrayed as an external (out there) entity who judges and punishes humans based on their behavior. In contrast, the behavioristic God of the Koran is described as an internal (within) force that guides and inspires believers to lead a righteous life based on their behavior. Therefore, the best choice is D, within and out there are not relevant to the answer.

Question 3

The belief that a person's situation in life is a result from his or her karma (deeds) in previous lives is known as

Accepted Answer

The law of karma is the belief that a person's current situation in life is a result of their actions (karma) in past lives, and that one's actions in the present will determine their future situations. Reincarnation refers to the belief in rebirth after death, and Kaivalya is a term in Hinduism representing spiritual liberation or enlightenment. As neither of these options specifically refer to the belief in karma affecting one's current situation, they are not the correct choice.

Question 4

What do the transpersonal psychologists include in their personality theories?

Accepted Answer

Transpersonal psychologists include the world's great spiritual traditions in their personality theories, with a focus on experiences of higher states of consciousness and self-transcendence. These traditions may include aspects of various religions, indigenous practices, and mystical traditions.

Question 5

Which of the following statements is correct?

Accepted Answer

Throughout his teachings, Christ emphasized the importance of the inner life and spiritual growth, often criticizing the overly legalistic and superficial practices of the religious leaders of his time. This can be seen in his emphasis on love, compassion, forgiveness, and humility as central to the spiritual life. Thus, option A is the correct statement.

Question 6

Which is NOT one of the four noble truths of Buddhism?

Accepted Answer

The four noble truths of Buddhism are: 
1. Life is suffering. 
2. Suffering is caused by craving and attachment. 
3. Craving and attachment can be overcome. 
4. The path to the end of suffering is the Eightfold Path. Therefore, knowledge alone cannot overcome suffering.

Question 7

The earliest Hindu scriptures were known as what?

Accepted Answer

The Rigveda is the oldest scripture in Hinduism, dating back to around 1500 BCE. It is a collection of hymns praising various gods and goddesses, and is considered to be the foundation of Hinduism. The other options are important concepts in Hinduism, but are not the earliest scriptures. Brahma is the creator god in Hinduism, Atman refers to the individual soul, and Upanishads are a later collection of philosophical texts that expand on the ideas presented in the Vedas.

Question 8

Muslim means

Accepted Answer

The word Muslim comes from the Arabic root word "aslama," which means "to submit" or "surrender." Therefore, a Muslim is one who submits to the will of Allah.

Question 9

Taoism emphasizes the importance of emptiness, whereas Existentialists address

Accepted Answer

Taoism teaches the idea of "wu-wei" or "non-action" which emphasizes emptiness as a way to allow for harmony and balance in life. In contrast, Existentialism is concerned with the meaning of existence and the realization that life has no inherent meaning. This leads to the concept of "existential nothingness" or the recognition that life is ultimately empty or meaningless.

Question 10

When a person refers to the uniting of divinity and humanity in an earthly form, this is known as

Accepted Answer

The term used to refer to the uniting of divinity and humanity in an earthly form is incarnation. It is specifically used in the context of Christian theology to refer to the belief that Jesus Christ was God in human form.

Question 11

Deism believes that God created the universe

Accepted Answer

Deism believes that God is the creator of the universe, but also believes that the universe is self-sustaining and operates based on natural laws. Therefore, God does not need to intervene or tinker with the universe.

Question 12

Which of the following is the view that Earth functions as a living organism that self-regulates conditions of land, water, and atmosphere in order to maintain an environment favorable to life?

Accepted Answer

The view that Earth functions as a living organism that self-regulates conditions of land, water, and atmosphere in order to maintain an environment favorable to life is called the Gaia Hypothesis.

Question 13

Yoga and Zen are eastern methods for turning inward to find what?

Accepted Answer

Both Yoga and Zen focus on practices that aim to help individuals find enlightenment, which is the ultimate state of awareness, insight, and knowledge beyond the limitations of the ego and the material world.

Question 14

In Confucianism, interpersonal relationships are motivated by and .

Accepted Answer

In Confucianism, interpersonal relationships are motivated by Jen (benevolence) and guided by Li (ritual propriety). Jen represents the virtue of concern for the well-being of others, and Li represents the appropriate behavior in various social and ceremonial contexts. Therefore, the correct answer is C, which includes both Jen and Li.

Question 15

Most Westerners see the self as the center of the person, while most Easterners see the self as

Accepted Answer

Eastern philosophies often view the self as eternal and interconnected with the universe, emphasizing a timeless and unchanging essence.

Question 16

Neo-Pagans

Accepted Answer

Neo-Pagans, by definition, are a group of modern-day individuals who have revived an interest in ancient paganism and polytheistic religions. They hold a deep reverence for nature and its cycles, and typically embrace a wide range of religious practices that honor a variety of deities associated with nature, including gods and goddesses of the sun, moon, earth, sea, and sky. Some neo-pagan traditions may also focus on the divine feminine, the occult, or shamanic practices.

Question 17

Which of the following appear behavioristic in character?

Accepted Answer

Yahweh, as depicted in the Old Testament, often rewards and punishes behavior, which aligns with the principles of behaviorism that focus on the external behaviors and the consequences that follow them.

Question 18

What are the eastern methods for enlightenment?

Accepted Answer

Yoga and Zen are two of the most well-known Eastern methods for enlightenment. Yoga involves physical and mental practices aimed at achieving spiritual enlightenment, while Zen refers to a Buddhist school of thought that emphasizes meditation and mindfulness. Both methods have been practiced for centuries and have been shown to have numerous benefits for both physical and mental health.

Question 19

Which of the following is a nature focused religion of Japanese origin?

Accepted Answer

Shinto is a nature-focused religion of Japanese origin that emphasizes the reverence for nature, ancestors, and spirits. Yoga is a Hindu practice that focuses on physical and mental exercises for self-improvement, while Hinduism is a religion that originated in India with a diverse set of beliefs and practices. Zen is a school of Buddhism that originated in China and emphasizes meditation and intuition.

Question 20

What does Taoism teach?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What does Taoism teach?
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Quiz 14: Putting Personality All Together