Question 1

is a study that focuses on giving detailed and accurate description rather than explanation.
A)Ethnomethodology
B)Naturalism
C)Ethnography
D)Grounded theory
E)Case study

Accepted Answer

Ethnography is a type of research that emphasizes detailed and accurate description of a particular culture or social group. It involves fieldwork, participant observation, and interviews with members of the group being studied, with the goal of understanding their beliefs, values, practices, and social structures. Unlike grounded theory, which emphasizes developing explanations for observed phenomena, or case studies, which focus on a single individual or event, ethnography seeks to provide a complete and nuanced picture of the group being studied.

Question 2

An example(s)of the complete participant role is(are):
A)joining a sorority or fraternity to study initiation rituals without revealing your identity as a researcher.
B)standing at a street corner and watching whether males or females are more likely to jay-walk.
C)telling a motorcycle gang that you are a researcher and would like to ride with them for a year to understand their interaction patterns.
D)being a newspaper reporter who interviews union workers to learn about recent strike efforts.
E)all of these choices are examples of the complete participant role.

Accepted Answer

In the complete participant role, the researcher fully immerses themselves in the group without revealing their identity as a researcher, as in choice A.

Question 3

Which of the following is POOR advice for recording observations in the field?
A)Don't trust your memory anymore than you have to.
B)You must always take notes during the observation.
C)You must take notes in stages.
D)Advance preparation on recording anticipated observations better enables you to record unanticipated observations.
E)All of these choices are good advice.

Accepted Answer

Taking notes during the observation is essential to ensure accuracy and completeness of data. The other options are also good advice, but taking notes is the most important aspect of recording observations in the field.

Question 4

Which of the following is not part of grounded theory?
A)Analyses of patterns
B)Analyses of themes
C)Analyses of common categories
D)All of these choices
E)Analyses of patterns and analyses of themes

Accepted Answer

All of the choices listed (analyses of patterns, themes, and common categories) are part of grounded theory. Therefore, option D is not accurate. Option E is a combination of two choices that are both accurate, but option D is not.

Question 5

Dr.Fielding is interested in the stratification system in the United States and how it is perpetuated through time.Fielding decides to examine the experiences of minority students who seek college counseling in high school.He interviews minority students in four high schools to learn whether their personal experiences tell him something about stratification in the U.S.After interviewing the minority students Fielding interviews non-minority students,school administrators,guidance counselors,teachers,parents,and social workers at the same four high schools.Fielding is probably using a/an approach.
A)participatory action research
B)ethnomethodology
C)ethnography
D)case study
E)institutional ethnography

Accepted Answer

The answer of Dr.Fielding is interested in the stratification system...

Question 6

Grounded theory begins with .
A)patterns
B)hypotheses
C)key variables
D)data collection
E)either patterns,hypothesis,key variables,or data collection

Accepted Answer

Grounded theory begins with data collection, as the goal of the approach is to generate a theory based on the data collected rather than starting with preconceived hypotheses or variables.

Question 7

Sara wanted to learn about battered women.She entered the world of a battered women's shelter and lived with the women in order to fully learn about the views of these women.She wanted to write a detailed and accurate description about the lives that the women reported.Which of the following approaches best describes Sara's research paradigm?
A)Naturalist
B)Ethnomethodology
C)Grounded theory
D)Institutional ethnography
E)Participatory action research

Accepted Answer

Sara's research approach of immersing herself in the world of the battered women's shelter and learning about their views aligns with the naturalist paradigm. Naturalists believe in studying phenomena in their natural setting to gain a deep understanding of their experiences and perspectives.

Question 8

Professor Milne was preparing to do qualitative interviewing in a field research project.Milne knew that you were a research methods student and asked for your advice.You told Milne:
A)try not to alter the specific wording of questions.
B)try to use the same probes with the same wording for each respondent.
C)try not to alter the sequence of questions.
D)be sure to think up interesting things to say when the conversation lulls.
E)to begin with a search of the literature.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Professor Milne was preparing to do qualitative...

Question 9

Jennifer is interested in understanding the dynamics within an economically diverse high school.She interviews a wide variety of students,as well as the staff and faculty to understand how race has an effect on their education.Jennifer is using what sort of research paradigm?
A)Participatory action research
B)Ethnomethodology
C)Ethnography
D)Case study
E)Institutional ethnography

Accepted Answer

The answer of Jennifer is interested in understanding the dynamics...

Question 10

Professor Miller planned to tape six focus groups to examine citizens' attitudes toward park development.As a research methods student,you told Miller that an advantage of the focus group method is(are)that:
A)moderators require little specialized skill.
B)moderators easily control the focus group's discussion.
C)data tapes are easily analyzed.
D)high face validity.
E)differences between the groups,should they occur,are easily explained.

Accepted Answer

The advantage of the focus group method is its high face validity, meaning that the group setting allows for natural and spontaneous discussion and therefore provides a more accurate depiction of individuals' attitudes and beliefs.

Question 11

Jenny wants to do research that tells the stories of rape victims.She wants to tell "their stories" the way they "really are." Jenny is using a paradigm.
A)naturalist
B)ethnomethodology
C)grounded theory
D)case study
E)participating action research

Accepted Answer

Jenny's approach aligns with the naturalist paradigm, which focuses on understanding phenomena in their natural settings, emphasizing the importance of the context and the subjective experiences of individuals. This approach is suitable for telling the stories of rape victims "the way they really are," as it seeks to capture and represent the complexity of their experiences without imposing preconceived notions or frameworks.

Question 12

To examine the social interactions of online role-playing gamers,a relatively Pickup social phenomena,Kyoko developed a rough outline of what to look for before setting out on observation.This outline was intended to guide,but not specifically structure the observations.What approach did Kyoko use?
A)Ethnomethodology
B)Grounded theory
C)Case study
D)The extended case method
E)Participatory action approach

Accepted Answer

Kyoko used a grounded theory approach, which involves developing a rough outline or theory before observation but not structuring the observations too strictly. This allows for emergent themes to emerge from the observations themselves.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of focus groups?
A)Focus group moderators require special skills.
B)Focus group data is difficult to analyze.
C)Focus groups are often difficult to assemble.
D)Focus groups allow for multiple viewpoints to be heard.
E)Focus groups afford the researcher less control than individual interviews.

Accepted Answer

Option D is not a disadvantage of focus groups. In fact, it is one of the advantages, as focus groups allow multiple viewpoints to be heard. Options A, B, C, and E are all disadvantages of focus groups, as they require special skills for the moderator, the data is difficult to analyze, assembling participants can be difficult, and the researcher has less control compared to individual interviews.

Question 14

In a complete qualitative interviewing process,a researcher will perform all but which of the following?
A)Thematize
B)Statistically analyze
C)Transcribe
D)Verify
E)Design

Accepted Answer

Qualitative data cannot be statistically analyzed as it is based on subjective experiences and perceptions of the participants. Therefore, statistical analysis would not be appropriate for this type of research. Instead, qualitative data requires in-depth analysis through thematizing, transcribing, verifying, and designing of the research questions and data collection methods.

Question 15

An advantage(s)of field research is(are)that:
A)it enables the researcher to draw statistical conclusions about the population.
B)the researcher can control the variables under study.
C)social processes can be studied over time.
D)hypotheses can be rigorously tested.
E)all of these choices are advantages of field research.

Accepted Answer

Field research allows for the study of social processes over time, which is a unique advantage compared to other research methods. It allows for the observation and understanding of complex social phenomena in their natural setting, which cannot be replicated through other methods. However, field research does not necessarily enable researchers to draw statistical conclusions about the population or control variables, and hypotheses may not always be able to be rigorously tested due to the complexity of social processes.

Question 16

Which of the following is the best example of a breaching experiment?
A)Walking into an elevator and turning to face the door.
B)Opening an umbrella on a beautiful day.
C)Closing an umbrella after the rain ends.
D)Looking at the sky when birds fly by.
E)None of these choices exemplify a breaching experiment.

Accepted Answer

A breaching experiment involves intentionally breaking a social norm to observe people's reactions. Opening an umbrella on a beautiful day can be seen as a breach of the social norm of only using an umbrella when it is raining. This experiment can elicit various reactions from people, including confusion, curiosity, or even annoyance. Therefore, choice B is the best example of a breaching experiment.

Question 17

Michael is spending three months living in a commune doing participant observation in order to fully understand and document the lives of the people who reside there.What is the likely result of Michael's research?
A)Structured interview
B)Unstructured interview
C)Ethnography
D)Case study
E)Extended case study

Accepted Answer

Michael's research involves spending three months living in a commune and using participant observation to understand and document the lives of the people there. This is most likely to result in an ethnography, which is a detailed study of a particular group, community, or culture. Ethnography is often used in anthropology and sociology to gain a deep understanding of the beliefs, customs, and daily practices of a particular group of people.

Question 18

Which of the following is POOR advice for a qualitative field interviewer?
A)Learn to listen,think,and talk almost at the same time.
B)Be more interested than interesting.
C)Do not deviate from the schedule of preestablished questions.
D)Don't try to halt your respondent's line of discussion even if it's not on topic.
E)All of these choices provide GOOD advice.

Accepted Answer

Deviating from the preestablished questions is often necessary in qualitative research in order to gain deeper insights and understanding from respondents. A good interviewer should be flexible and open to exploring unexpected topics or ideas that arise during the interview.

Question 19

In comparison to experiments and surveys,field research has:
A)greater reliability and greater validity.
B)greater reliability and less validity.
C)less reliability and greater validity.
D)less reliability and less validity.
E)the same reliability and validity.

Accepted Answer

Field research often involves observing natural behaviors in real-life situations, which can increase the external validity (generalizability) of the study. However, the researcher may have less control over variables and may encounter unexpected situations, which can decrease internal validity (the ability to attribute cause and effect relationships). Therefore, field research may have less reliability (consistency) but greater validity (accuracy) compared to experiments and surveys.

Question 20

Among the advantages of field research is(are)that it:
A)yields precise descriptive statements about a large population.
B)involves the uniform application of precise operational definitions.
C)allows for the modification of research design.
D)produces definitive conclusions.
E)is an extremely reliable technique.

Accepted Answer

Field research allows for the modification of research design, which can be advantageous in adjusting the study to better understand the population being studied. While field research can yield descriptive statements, it may not always be precise or definitive, depending on the nature of the study. Similarly, the uniform application of operational definitions and the reliability of the technique may vary depending on the situation.

Quiz 10: Qualitative Field Research

is a study that focuses on giving detailed and accurate description rather than explanation.

An example(s) of the complete participant role is(are) :

Which of the following is POOR advice for recording observations in the field?

Which of the following is not part of grounded theory?

Grounded theory begins with .

Professor Milne was preparing to do qualitative interviewing in a field research project.Milne knew that you were a research methods student and asked for your advice.You told Milne:

Jennifer is interested in understanding the dynamics within an economically diverse high school.She interviews a wide variety of students,as well as the staff and faculty to understand how race has an effect on their education.Jennifer is using what sort of research paradigm?

Professor Miller planned to tape six focus groups to examine citizens' attitudes toward park development.As a research methods student,you told Miller that an advantage of the focus group method is(are) that:

Jenny wants to do research that tells the stories of rape victims.She wants to tell "their stories" the way they "really are." Jenny is using a paradigm.

To examine the social interactions of online role-playing gamers,a relatively Pickup social phenomena,Kyoko developed a rough outline of what to look for before setting out on observation.This outline was intended to guide,but not specifically structure the observations.What approach did Kyoko use?

Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of focus groups?

In a complete qualitative interviewing process,a researcher will perform all but which of the following?

An advantage(s) of field research is(are) that:

Which of the following is the best example of a breaching experiment?

Michael is spending three months living in a commune doing participant observation in order to fully understand and document the lives of the people who reside there.What is the likely result of Michael's research?

Which of the following is POOR advice for a qualitative field interviewer?

In comparison to experiments and surveys,field research has:

Among the advantages of field research is(are) that it: