Question 1

Define,compare,and contrast the Daubert and Frye doctrines.Which one will,in general result in the introduction of more scientific evidence? Explain your position.Which rule do you think is best? Explain your position.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define,compare,and contrast the Daubert and Frye doctrines.Which...

Question 2

With the frequent use of lineups,standards and guidelines are the same from state to state.

Accepted Answer

While there is some consistency in lineup procedures and standards across states, there is also significant variation in the specific guidelines and protocols used. Each state has its own set of legal and procedural rules when it comes to conducting lineups, making it important for legal professionals to be familiar with the specific requirements in their jurisdiction.

Question 3

In the case of Kirby v.Illinois (1972),the U.S.Supreme Court held that the right to a lawyer depends on whether a person has been formally charged with an offense.Discuss the reasoning for this distinction.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the case of Kirby v.Illinois (1972),the...

Question 4

Like DNA evidence,most courts admit the results of polygraph tests in both civil or criminal proceedings.

Accepted Answer

Polygraph tests are not admissible as evidence in most courts as they are not considered scientifically reliable.

Question 5

The U.S.Supreme Court in Perry v.New Hampshire (2012)held that the issue of whether police used an unnecessarily suggestive procedure is to be judged based on a two-pronged test.

Accepted Answer

The U.S. Supreme Court in Perry v. New Hampshire (2012) did indeed hold that the issue of whether police used an unnecessarily suggestive procedure is to be judged based on a two-pronged test.

Question 6

Facial recognition technology is a way of identifying suspects by comparing driver's license photos with pictures of convicts in a high-tech analysis of chin widths and nose sizes.

Accepted Answer

Facial recognition technology uses biometric measurements such as the distance between the eyes and the shape of the jawline to compare and identify individuals, not just their driver's license photos but any available image.

Question 7

Discuss current concerns regarding the potential abuses of the national DNA database.Is the value of the evidence obtained from DNA worth the potential invasions of privacy and erosions of civil liberties such databases might facilitate? Provide support for your argument.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss current concerns regarding the potential abuses...

Question 8

One of the constitutional rights often invoked by suspects during the pretrial identification stages is the right to protection against unreasonable searches and seizures.

Accepted Answer

The right to protection against unreasonable searches and seizures is part of the Fourth Amendment, which can be invoked during pretrial stages to challenge the legality of evidence obtained.

Question 9

What is the current position of the U.S.Supreme Court on the reliability and admissibility of polygraph evidence? Do you think polygraph evidence should be admissible in court? Why or why not? Explain your position.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the current position of the...

Question 10

Brain fingerprinting is a new and controversial tool in solving crimes.As a forensic method,the test "assesses the subject's knowledge of a crime scene or of the instrumentalities or fruits of a crime,and it can also be used to assess knowledge of the particulars of an alibi scene or sequence of events." Explain the potential uses of brain fingerprinting by law enforcement officers.How reliable is brain fingerprinting considered to be? Do you think there  is a future for such technology in the courts,or would you expect its status in legal testimony to remain controversial,similar to that of polygraph testing?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Brain fingerprinting is a new and controversial...

Question 11

Only one constitutional right is often invoked by suspects during each of the pretrial identification stages.

Accepted Answer

Multiple constitutional rights may be invoked by a suspect during each of the pretrial identification stages, such as the right to counsel, the right to remain silent, and the right to due process.

Question 12

Select one of the three procedures for pretrial identification: lineup,showup,and photographic identification.Discuss the applicability of due process,the Fourth Amendment protection against unreasonable searches and seizures,the Fifth Amendment privilege against self-incrimination,and the Sixth Amendment right to counsel in relation to that procedure.Provide an example.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Select one of the three procedures for...

Question 13

All states and the District of Columbia have laws against drunk driving that make it a crime to drive with a blood alcohol concentration at a prohibited level of 0.08 percent or above.Breathalyzer tests are commonly used to measure the level of blood alcohol concentration.Why are Breathalyzer tests so readily admissible and what are some of the legal issues that persist about the fairness of their use?

Accepted Answer

The answer of All states and the District of Columbia...

Question 14

Handwriting samples have one basic constitutional issue.What is it and how has the U.S.Supreme Court addressed that issue?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Handwriting samples have one basic constitutional issue.What...

Question 15

Hair samples have become more commonly used in criminal prosecutions to prove guilt.State the constitutional issues with such samples and how the courts have answered those issues.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Hair samples have become more commonly used...

Question 16

In pretrial identification,the police generally use three different categories of procedures for the immediate identification of suspects.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. Pretrial identification procedures typically involve lineups, photo arrays, and show-ups, among other methods.

Question 17

Once considered highly reliable evidence,eyewitness identification has declined in reliability.

Accepted Answer

This is because studies have shown that eyewitness testimony can be influenced by various factors, such as the passage of time, stress levels, and the wording of questions asked during the identification process. As a result, many legal systems now require corroborating evidence in addition to eyewitness testimony.

Question 18

Eyewitness identification was once considered highly reliable evidence.

Accepted Answer

Eyewitness identification was once considered highly reliable evidence, but subsequent research has shown that it can be vulnerable to errors and biases.

Question 19

Define,compare,and contrast the Kirby and Wade-Gilbert rules.Do you agree or disagree with each rule? Explain your position.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define,compare,and contrast the Kirby and Wade-Gilbert rules.Do...

Question 20

The most common problems associated with eyewitness identification are that it is hopelessly unreliable.

Accepted Answer

Eyewitness identification has been proven to be highly unreliable due to factors such as stress, memory decay, and suggestion from outside sources. There have been numerous cases of wrongful convictions based solely on eyewitness testimony, leading to calls for reform in the criminal justice system.

Quiz 10: Lineups and Other Pretrial Identification Procedures