Question 1

Sociologists argue that the natural environment can create strain within an organization.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Sociologists argue that the natural environment can...

Question 2

Often, the older members of a business or group feel devalued and demoralized late in their careers because those with technical competence view the older members as "outdated has-beens."

Accepted Answer

This is a common phenomenon known as ageism, where older individuals are discriminated against or undervalued because of their age. It can be demoralizing for older members who may have a wealth of experience and knowledge to offer but are not given the opportunity due to stereotypes and biases.

Question 3

The United States has not approved the Kyoto Protocol on global warming,

Accepted Answer

The United States has not approved the Kyoto Protocol, which was adopted by the United Nations in 1997 and aimed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The U.S. signed the agreement but never ratified it.

Question 4

Conflicting goals are one example of the stresses organizations may experience.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Conflicting goals are one example of the...

Question 5

The United States is under pressure to cut down on federal spending and is contributing less to ______.

Accepted Answer

The term "research and development" refers to a broad category including scientific research and technological development. As the United States is under pressure to cut down on federal spending, it is contributing less to this category.

Question 6

Bai-lin is studying a group of anarchists who are working to try to eliminate all government and government control as a whole from the United States and encourage everyone instead to rule themselves individually. The group Bai-lin is studying is likely a part of a(n) ______.

Accepted Answer

Anarchism aims to abolish all forms of government and replace it with a society that functions without any form of central authority. This is a key feature of revolutionary movements, which seek to fundamentally transform society through radical and often violent means.

Question 7

Which of the following statements about rumors is false?

Accepted Answer

Rumors are not necessarily a form of crowd behavior, as they can originate from individual sources and spread through various means such as gossip or social media.

Question 8

Which of the following is a proactive social movement?

Accepted Answer

A proactive social movement is one that seeks to bring about change in society by pushing for new policies or attitudes. The group promoting same-sex marriage is an example of this, as they are working to change societal attitudes and the legal definition of marriage. The other options are reactive social movements, as they are more focused on resisting change or maintaining the status quo.

Question 9

According to the text, which of the following models for planning organizational change combine(s) both internal processes and the external environment?

Accepted Answer

Open systems models consider both the internal processes of the organization and the external environment, recognizing that the organization is influenced by and in turn influences its surrounding environment. The other choices do not specifically address both internal and external factors in planning organizational change.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a necessary condition for a social movement?

Accepted Answer

While shared social positions can facilitate the formation and momentum of a social movement, it is not a necessary condition. Movements can arise from diverse social positions as long as there is a shared grievance or goal. The other three options (a strain or precipitating event, effective leadership, and a communication network) are generally considered necessary conditions for a social movement to exist and succeed.

Question 11

According to William F. Ogburn, the findings of stem cell research are ______.

Accepted Answer

Stem cell research is the study of a natural phenomenon and the findings are considered discoveries rather than inventions or innovations. Diffusion involves the spread of existing ideas or practices, which is not applicable to stem cell research.

Question 12

Maria's group formed to argue for greater student rights. At this point, the interest in the group seems to be waning, and Maria has been unable to raise the necessary funds to keep the group going. It appears that the group is dissolving. Which stage is the group likely in?

Accepted Answer

The group is likely in the fragmentation stage, where interest is declining, and there is a lack of resources to sustain the group, leading to its dissolution.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a necessary element for collective behavior to occur, according to value-added theory?

Accepted Answer

According to value-added theory, strong social controls act as a barrier to the occurrence of collective behavior. Therefore, it is not a necessary element for collective behavior to occur. The other three elements - structural conduciveness, structural strain, and the spread of a generalized belief - are considered necessary for the occurrence of collective behavior.

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT true about social movements?

Accepted Answer

Social movements are usually begun by individuals or groups outside of the established power structure, in order to challenge it and bring about change. Therefore, option D is not true about social movements.

Question 15

Your university president does not want to create a sustainability plan for your campus. The textbook suggests that when this happens, all of the following except ______ can be used to effect change.

Accepted Answer

Hiring an assassin is illegal and unethical, and it is not a legitimate or acceptable method for effecting change.

Question 16

According to the text, lynching, group killings, and hate crimes are all examples of ______.

Accepted Answer

Lynching, group killings, and hate crimes are all examples of mob violence, which is characterized by a group of people acting aggressively or violently towards a person or group of people.

Question 17

The ALS (Lou Gehrig's disease) "ice bucket challenge," hashtagging, and the phrase "YOLO" are examples of ______.

Accepted Answer

The ALS ice bucket challenge, hashtagging, and YOLO all fall under the category of fads, which are trends that gain popularity quickly and fade just as fast.

Question 18

The spread of a new finding from one place to another is known as ______.

Accepted Answer

The spread of a new finding from one place to another is known as diffusion. While discovery refers to the act of finding or uncovering something new, invention refers to the creation of something new, and innovation refers to the process of improving or modifying something that already exists.

Question 19

The social world model is based on the assumption that change, whether evolutionary or revolutionary, is inevitable.

Accepted Answer

The social world model is based on the assumption that change is inevitable, whether it occurs gradually over time or suddenly and dramatically through revolutions or crises.

Question 20

The stage of a social movement in which the context for the movement is set is the ______ stage.

Accepted Answer

In the preliminary stage, social movement actors define the problem or issue and lay the groundwork for the movement. This includes setting the context for the movement by identifying grievances and creating a collective identity among potential supporters.

Quiz 14: Process of Change: We Can Make a Difference