Question 1

All of the following are related except

Accepted Answer

Fungi, protozoa, and viruses are all types of microorganisms. Bacillus, on the other hand, refers specifically to a type of rod-shaped bacteria. Therefore, D is the outlier and not related to the other three choices.

Question 2

Chemical substances capable of killing pathologic microbes are termed

Accepted Answer

Bactericidal substances are specifically designed to kill bacteria and other microbes.

Question 3

By what method are pathogens spread when a person coughs or sneezes?

Accepted Answer

When a person coughs or sneezes, they release tiny droplets that contain pathogens. These droplets can travel up to 6 feet and land on surfaces or be inhaled by others, allowing for the quick spread of the pathogen. This method is known as droplet transmission.

Question 4

Which of the following is the most effective method for achieving medical asepsis?

Accepted Answer

Frequent hand washing is the most effective method for achieving medical asepsis as most infections can be spread by touch. Hand washing helps in removing microorganisms from the skin surface and reducing their transmission. Having most medical employees in perfect health, changing linen after every patient, and cleaning radiographic table between patients are also important measures, but regular hand washing is the most fundamental and effective method for reducing infection transmission.

Question 5

Which of the following is not a method of sterilization?

Accepted Answer

Hand washing is a method of reducing the number of microbes on the skin, but it is not a method of sterilization. Sterilization refers to the complete elimination of all microbial life, including spores. Autoclaving, moist heat, and steam under pressure are all methods of sterilization.

Question 6

All of the following are viral infections except

Accepted Answer

Tinea pedis is a fungal infection of the feet, also known as athlete's foot. The other options are all viral infections.

Question 7

Lyme disease is a condition caused by bacteria carried by deer ticks.The tick bite may cause fever,fatigue,and other associated symptoms.This is an example of transmission of an infection by

Accepted Answer

Lyme disease is transmitted by the bite of an infected deer tick, which is a vector that carries the bacteria causing the infection.

Question 8

The chain of infection consists of

Accepted Answer

The chain of infection consists of a host, infectious microbe, mode of transmission, and reservoir. Fomite, vector, and breachment are not part of the chain of infection, although they may contribute to the transmission of infectious agents. Bacteria, virus, protozoa, and fungi are types of infectious agents that may be part of the chain of infection, but they do not describe the components of the chain itself. Option D lists some of the steps of infection, but it does not encompass all the necessary components of the chain of infection. Choice C is the correct answer as it includes all the essential components of the chain of infection.

Question 9

A disease spread by kissing is being transmitted by which of the following methods?

Accepted Answer

Diseases that are spread by physical contact, such as kissing or sexual activity, are classified as being transmitted by direct contact. Vectors refer to organisms, such as ticks or mosquitoes, that transmit diseases, while droplet and aerosol spread refer to the transmission of disease via droplets or tiny airborne particles, respectively.

Question 10

Bacteria have all of the following characteristics except they

Accepted Answer

Bacteria are prokaryotic organisms, which means they lack a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, unlike eukaryotic organisms.

Question 11

All of the following are possible sources of nosocomial infection except

Accepted Answer

Nosocomial infections are infections that are acquired in a hospital or healthcare facility. The option C involving hand contact with a waitress in a coffee shop adjacent to the hospital is not a possible source of nosocomial infection because it occurred outside the healthcare facility. However, options A, B, and D all involve potential sources of transmission of pathogenic microbes within a hospital setting.

Question 12

When a disease is spread by an insect depositing the pathogen on or in a human,it is transmitted by what method?

Accepted Answer

A vector is an organism, usually an insect, that transmits a pathogen from one host to another. The insect acts as a carrier of the disease and deposits the pathogen on or in a human, which can then lead to infection. Some common examples of vector-borne diseases include malaria, dengue fever, and Lyme disease.

Question 13

A few days after a stereotactic breast biopsy performed by a radiologist in a breast imaging center,the patient returns to her physician with an obvious infection at the incision site.This is an example of a(n)

Accepted Answer

An iatrogenic infection is one that is caused by medical treatment or procedures, such as a breast biopsy. In this case, the infection was most likely caused by the biopsy procedure itself, which introduced bacteria into the incision site.

Question 14

Streptococci and bacilli are classified as what type of microorganisms?

Accepted Answer

Streptococci and bacilli are both types of bacteria.

Question 15

Any microorganism that causes disease is

Accepted Answer

A microorganism that causes disease is known as a pathogen.

Question 16

Pathogenic organisms have the ability to

Accepted Answer

Pathogenic organisms have the ability to cause cellular and tissue damage, replicate and cause blockages to the flow of fluids and gases and secrete endotoxins. Therefore, the correct answer is D- do all of the above.

Question 17

A nosocomial infection is an

Accepted Answer

A nosocomial infection is an infection that is acquired in a hospital or other healthcare facility. This type of infection is often caused by bacteria, viruses, or other germs that are present in the hospital environment, and can be spread from patient to patient, or from healthcare worker to patient.

Question 18

The process of establishment and growth of a microorganism on or in a host is referred to as

Accepted Answer

The process of establishment and growth of a microorganism on or in a host is referred to as infection. Inflammation is the body’s response to infection or injury, pathogen refers to a disease-causing microorganism, and prokaryotic nosocomial refers to a bacterial infection that is acquired in a hospital or healthcare setting.

Question 19

At the conclusion of an interventional radiographic examination,the examination room is cleaned,and major components are wiped down with chemical disinfectants.By performing this important task,the radiographer is practicing

Accepted Answer

Medical asepsis involves cleaning and disinfecting surfaces and equipment to reduce the spread of infections. This is the most appropriate choice for the described scenario, as surgical asepsis and sterilization are typically reserved for more invasive procedures and fomite asepsis pertains to the cleaning and disinfection of objects that can transmit infection (e.g. doorknobs, phones).

Question 20

The spread of infection via contaminated food referenced is spread by

Accepted Answer

The spread of infection via contaminated food is a classic example of fomite transmission. Fomite refers to any object or substance that is likely to carry infection, such as utensils, dishes, or surfaces. Therefore, contaminated food can act as a fomite and transmit the infection. It is not transmitted via contact, air, or vector.

Quiz 17: Infection Control