Question 1

Many of the oil-producing countries of the world organized themselves into a cartel to regulate the production and the pricing of oil: this cartel is called the:

Accepted Answer

The correct name of the cartel of oil-producing countries that regulates the production and pricing of oil is the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC). None of the other options mentioned are correct names of the organization.

Question 2

Egypt and Israel brokered a peace agreement between themselves in 1978 with help from the American president:

Accepted Answer

The peace agreement between Egypt and Israel was brokered with the help of American President Jimmy Carter in 1978, known as the Camp David Accords.

Question 3

In the mid-1970s,a long recessionary period in Western economies was triggered by:

Accepted Answer

The long recessionary period in Western economies in the mid-1970s was triggered by an oil embargo inspired by hardliners among the oil-producing states. This led to a spike in oil prices, causing inflation and slowing down economic growth in many Western countries. The embargo lasted from 1973 to 1974 and had a significant impact on the global economy.

Question 4

By the 1970s,the driving force in criticism and defiance of autocratic Arab regimes was:

Accepted Answer

By the 1970s, an emerging form of radical Islam had become the driving force in criticism and defiance of autocratic Arab regimes. This movement aimed to establish religious states and was often at odds with the secular governments in power.

Question 5

The Islamic cleric,the Ayatollah _________,stepped into the 1979 power vacuum in Iran left by the resignation of the Western-friendly shah.

Accepted Answer

The Ayatollah who stepped into power in Iran in 1979 was Ruhollah Khomeini.

Question 6

Since 1987,Palestinians living in Gaza and the West Bank have been carrying on a low-level fight against the Israeli security forces.This is known as the:

Accepted Answer

The low-level fight that Palestinians have been carrying on since 1987 against Israeli security forces is known as the Intifada.

Question 7

The Iran-Iraq war was the result,at least indirectly,of:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Iran-Iraq war was the result,at least...

Question 8

During the 1980s,the countries of the Pacific Rim that had developed robust economies and that appeared to have great staying power earned the collective nickname of:

Accepted Answer

The correct nickname for the countries with robust economies in the Pacific Rim during the 1980s is "The Tigers." This nickname referred to the rapid growth and success of these countries, including South Korea, Taiwan, Singapore, Hong Kong, and others. They were seen as "tigers" because of their strong and fearless economies, much like the animal.

Question 9

Ethnic conflicts that had been dampened for some time were reignited in the 1990s in Indonesia due to:

Accepted Answer

The ethnic conflicts in Indonesia were reignited in the 1990s due to inflation and unemployment, which created economic hardships for some ethnic groups and led to resentment and tension between different groups.

Question 10

The Middle East has drawn more attention in recent years due to all of the following reasons EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

The Islamic Revolution occurred in Iran, not Iraq, in 1979, leading to the establishment of an Islamic Republic. The other options directly relate to significant events or factors that have drawn international attention to the Middle East.

Question 11

In the 1990s,the Islamic government of Iran found its strongest opposition coming from:

Accepted Answer

The 1990s saw widespread protests and demonstrations against the Islamic government of Iran, particularly from students and disfranchised service workers who were disillusioned with the regime's economic policies and restrictions on personal freedoms. While there were other opposition groups at the time, such as former royalists and communists, none posed as significant a challenge to the government as the widespread unrest among the general population. There is no evidence to suggest that converts to Christianity or fifth column Iraqis played a significant role in opposition to the regime during this period.

Question 12

By the turn of the twenty-first century,the largest heavy industrial producer in the world was:

Accepted Answer

China's economy experienced rapid industrialization and growth during the late 20th and early 21st centuries, leading to it becoming the largest heavy industrial producer in the world. The other options either had decreasing industrial production or were not as prominent in heavy industry production during this time period.

Question 13

During the 1990s in what many observers dubbed "Africa's world war," a number of countries intervened in _________ in order to gain access to natural resources as well as to settle ethnic scores.

Accepted Answer

During the 1990s, the conflict that was referred to as "Africa's world war" took place in the Democratic Republic of Congo (formerly known as Zaire). This conflict involved multiple countries and militias and was fueled by competition for control over the country's vast mineral resources.

Question 14

Prior to the outbreak of the intifada,the Arab nations and Israel had fought wars in _______ and __________.

Accepted Answer

The Arab nations and Israel fought wars in 1967 (Six-Day War) and 1973 (Yom Kippur War). These were significant conflicts that resulted in territorial changes and had ongoing consequences for the region.

Question 15

The Arab Spring of 2011 began in:

Accepted Answer

The Arab Spring of 2011 began in Tunisia with civil protests and uprising against the ruling government, which eventually led to the ousting of President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali.

Question 16

During the economic prosperity of the 1980s in the Pacific Rim,many countries treated the creation of general economic wealth and prosperity as:

Accepted Answer

The economic prosperity of the 1980s in the Pacific Rim was often characterized by a sense of nationalism and loyalty to the country. People believed that it was their patriotic duty to contribute to the overall economic growth and success of their nation. Therefore, creating general economic wealth and prosperity was seen as a patriotic duty rather than the right of the wealthiest citizens, the province of private industry, an obligation of the government or an opportunity for all people.

Question 17

In 1979,twenty-five years after he came to power in a coup,Iran's _________ simply retired from public life and left his country in a power vacuum.

Accepted Answer

The sentence mentions that the leader "came to power in a coup" and in 1979 "simply retired from public life." This aligns with the circumstances of Iran's Shah Reza Pahlavi, who came to power in a coup in 1953 and was forced to abdicate in 1979 following the Iranian Revolution. The other options (B) Shah Ibn Kampala, (C) President Anwar Sadat, (D) President Yasser Arafat, and (E) Prime Minister Menachem Begin were not leaders of Iran and do not fit the description given.

Question 18

The Israeli leader who negotiated the 1978 peace accord was:

Accepted Answer

Menachem Begin was the Israeli leader who negotiated the 1978 peace accord, also known as the Camp David Accords, with Egyptian President Anwar Sadat.

Question 19

In the postcolonial world of the 1960s,many in the Islamic world,led by the cleric _________,laid the blame for the moral failure of the Arab world at the feet of the West and centuries of colonial contact.

Accepted Answer

Osama bin Laden and Ayman al-Zawahri were not prominent in the 1960s and were not yet known for blaming the West for the moral failure of the Arab world. Raiay ak-Henaten does not appear to be a known figure. Sayyid al Sistani is a prominent figure in Shia Islam and is known for his non-violent approach to politics, which does not match the description in the question. Sayyid Qutb, on the other hand, was a prominent Islamic scholar and leading member of the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt. He believed that the West was responsible for corrupting the Islamic world and advocated for the establishment of an Islamic state governed by Islamic law. His writings had a significant impact on the development of Islamic fundamentalism and jihadist ideology.

Question 20

One of the first Islamic groups in the 1970s to profess anticolonial politics mixed with works of charity and violently fundamentalist Islam beliefs was:

Accepted Answer

The Muslim Brotherhood, founded in Egypt in 1928, was one of the first Islamic groups to mix political activism, charity work, and fundamentalist Islamic beliefs. While they initially supported anticolonialism and the overthrow of secular governments, they later became more politically and socially conservative.

Quiz 29: A World without Walls: Globalization and the West