Question 1

An ionized hydrogen atom is simply a(n)

Accepted Answer

An ionized hydrogen atom has lost its single electron, leaving only a proton behind.

Question 2

S IV is

Accepted Answer

The answer of S IV is
...

Question 3

An atom in which one or more electrons has been removed is known as a(n)

Accepted Answer

An atom becomes an ion when it loses or gains one or more electrons, resulting in a net charge.

Question 4

The majority of the mass of ordinary matter resides in the

Accepted Answer

The majority of the mass of ordinary matter resides in the nuclei of atoms, as protons and neutrons, which make up the nucleus, are significantly more massive than electrons.

Question 5

How do the nuclei of the carbon ions C III and C IV differ from each other?

Accepted Answer

The nuclei of carbon ions C III and C IV are identical because the Roman numerals indicate the ionization state (number of electrons removed) rather than changes in the nucleus. All carbon atoms have the same number of protons in their nuclei.

Question 6

Which one of these processes results in an ionized atom?

Accepted Answer

An atom becomes ionized when it loses or gains an electron, resulting in a net positive or negative charge. Removing an electron results in a positively charged ion.

Question 7

The diameter of the nucleus of an atom, compared to the overall diameter of the atom, is

Accepted Answer

The diameter of the nucleus of an atom is much smaller compared to the overall diameter of the atom, approximately 1/10,000 of the total size. This illustrates the vast empty space within an atom.

Question 8

The specific colors of light emitted by an atom in a hot, thin gas (e.g., in a neon tube, a fluorescent bulb, or a gas cloud in space) are caused by

Accepted Answer

The specific colors of light emitted by an atom when it is heated are due to electrons jumping to lower energy levels and releasing energy in the form of light. This process is fundamental to understanding atomic emission spectra.

Question 9

In his scattering experiment, Ernest Rutherford expected that the alpha particles he was using as bullets would easily penetrate his gold foil target with no backscatter. What was the actual result of the experiment?

Accepted Answer

Rutherford's experiment showed that while most alpha particles passed through the gold foil, a small number were deflected at large angles, indicating the presence of a dense, positively charged nucleus within the atom.

Question 10

The mass of the proton, the nucleus of the hydrogen atom, exceeds the mass of the electron by approximately what factor?

Accepted Answer

The mass of a proton is approximately 2000 times greater than the mass of an electron.

Question 11

The overall charge of a singly ionized neon atom Ne, whose position in the periodic table (or atomic number) is 10, in units of electron charge, is

Accepted Answer

A singly ionized neon atom (Ne+) means it has lost one electron. Since the charge of an electron is -1, losing an electron results in a +1 overall charge.

Question 12

The diameter of the nucleus of a typical atom is

Accepted Answer

The diameter of the nucleus of a typical atom is about 10^-4 times the diameter of the atom. This reflects the fact that the nucleus is much smaller compared to the overall size of the atom, which is mostly empty space.

Question 13

How much heavier is a typical hydrogen atom than a proton?

Accepted Answer

A typical hydrogen atom consists of one proton and one electron. The mass of an electron is about 1/1836 the mass of a proton, making the hydrogen atom only slightly heavier than a proton, approximately 1 part in 2000.

Question 14

Compared to the mass of an electron, the mass of a proton is

Accepted Answer

The mass of a proton is almost 2000 times greater than the mass of an electron.

Question 15

Ionization of an atom occurs when

Accepted Answer

Ionization of an atom refers to the process of removing an electron from the atom, which results in the formation of an ion. This process does not involve nuclear reactions (like fission), nor does it pertain to the transitions of electrons between energy levels within the atom without removal.

Question 16

How many electrons surround the nucleus of a triply ionized magnesium atom, Mg IV? The atomic number of magnesium is 12.

Accepted Answer

A triply ionized magnesium atom (Mg IV) means it has lost three electrons. Since magnesium normally has 12 electrons, after losing three, it would have 9 electrons surrounding its nucleus.

Question 17

The proton, the nucleus of the hydrogen atom, has a mass that exceeds that of the electron by approximately what factor?

Accepted Answer

The mass of a proton is approximately 2000 times greater than the mass of an electron.

Question 18

How many electrons orbit the nucleus of a singly ionized oxygen atom? The atomic number of oxygen is 8.

Accepted Answer

A singly ionized oxygen atom means it has lost one electron. Since a neutral oxygen atom has 8 electrons (equal to its atomic number), a singly ionized oxygen atom would have 7 electrons.

Question 19

O III is

Accepted Answer

O III refers to doubly ionized oxygen, meaning an oxygen atom that has lost two electrons. The Roman numeral III indicates the charge of the ion, not the number of electrons lost, which in this case is +2, hence two electrons have been removed.

Question 20

The person who discovered the atomic nucleus was the

Accepted Answer

Sir Ernest Rutherford is credited with the discovery of the atomic nucleus through his gold foil experiment in 1911, which led to the Rutherford model of the atom.

Quiz 4: Atomic Physics and Spectra

An ionized hydrogen atom is simply a(n)

S IV is

An atom in which one or more electrons has been removed is known as a(n)

The majority of the mass of ordinary matter resides in the

How do the nuclei of the carbon ions C III and C IV differ from each other?

Which one of these processes results in an ionized atom?

The diameter of the nucleus of an atom, compared to the overall diameter of the atom, is

The specific colors of light emitted by an atom in a hot, thin gas (e.g., in a neon tube, a fluorescent bulb, or a gas cloud in space) are caused by

In his scattering experiment, Ernest Rutherford expected that the alpha particles he was using as bullets would easily penetrate his gold foil target with no backscatter. What was the actual result of the experiment?

The mass of the proton, the nucleus of the hydrogen atom, exceeds the mass of the electron by approximately what factor?

The overall charge of a singly ionized neon atom Ne, whose position in the periodic table (or atomic number) is 10, in units of electron charge, is

The diameter of the nucleus of a typical atom is

How much heavier is a typical hydrogen atom than a proton?

Compared to the mass of an electron, the mass of a proton is

Ionization of an atom occurs when

How many electrons surround the nucleus of a triply ionized magnesium atom, Mg IV? The atomic number of magnesium is 12.

The proton, the nucleus of the hydrogen atom, has a mass that exceeds that of the electron by approximately what factor?

How many electrons orbit the nucleus of a singly ionized oxygen atom? The atomic number of oxygen is 8.

O III is

The person who discovered the atomic nucleus was the