Question 1

A significant number of children with anxiety disorders also develop obsessive- compulsive disorder.

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Question 2

Describe the four major behavioural groupings of conduct disorder in the DSM-5 and list some examples of each.

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Question 3

Discuss the psychosocial risk factors associated with the development of conduct problems.

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Question 4

Explain what is meant by the term heterotypic continuity and describe the evidence for it.

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Question 5

The developmental chronology of childhood disorders suggests that anxiety begins in early childhood,followed by behavioural problems in middle childhood,followed by depressive disorders in late childhood.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that anxiety disorders are the most common psychiatric disorders in children, and often begin in early childhood. Behavioural problems, such as ADHD and conduct disorder, tend to emerge in middle childhood. Depressive disorders usually begin in late childhood or early adolescence.

Question 6

GAD was previously termed overanxious disorder of childhood in the DSM-III.

Accepted Answer

GAD was previously termed overanxious disorder of childhood in the DSM-III before being renamed in later editions of the DSM.

Question 7

Parent training programs are based on a social learning causal model of conduct problems.

Accepted Answer

Parent training programs are based on a social learning causal model of conduct problems, which emphasizes the role of both environmental and social factors in shaping a child's behavior. These programs teach parents new strategies for managing their child's behavior and improving family communication and relationships.

Question 8

Evaluate the four different types of treatment generally used for conduct disorder.

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Question 9

Describe the three main diagnostic criteria used for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.

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Question 10

Describe the pharmacological treatment of ADHD.

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Question 11

Briefly describe four risk factors associated with the development of ADHD.

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Question 12

Clinic-based treatment for children and youth is preferred over community-based treatment because more individuals are likely to be helped.

Accepted Answer

This statement is false. Both clinic-based and community-based treatments have their own advantages and limitations. While clinic-based treatment may provide more specialized and intensive care, community-based treatment can be more accessible and affordable for those who may not have easy access to clinics. It ultimately depends on the individual's needs and circumstances.

Question 13

Tricyclic antidepressants and benzodiazepines are recommended as the best form of pharmacological treatment for SAD and GAD in children and adolescents.

Accepted Answer

Tricyclic antidepressants and benzodiazepines may have harmful side effects and are not generally recommended as first-line treatments for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents. Other medications, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), may be a safer and more effective option. Non-pharmacological treatments, such as cognitive behavioral therapy, are also recommended as a primary treatment for anxiety disorders in this population.

Question 14

Suicide is the leading cause of death among Canadian youth aged 10 to 19.

Accepted Answer

Accidents (unintentional injuries) are the leading cause of death among Canadian youth aged 10 to 19, not suicide. Suicide, however, is a significant concern and ranks as the second leading cause of death in this age group.

Question 15

What is Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder? How are clinicians instructed to use this diagnosis?

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Question 16

Perfectionism is proposed to be linked to depression because people high in perfectionism share a lot of the same cognitive attribution biases that have been observed in depression.

Accepted Answer

High levels of perfectionism are associated with cognitive biases such as a tendency to negatively evaluate oneself, a belief that nothing one does is ever good enough, and a tendency to view mistakes as catastrophic. These same biases are commonly observed in individuals with depression, suggesting a link between perfectionism and depression.

Question 17

Assortative mating occurs when a male or female with high genetic load for conduct problems chooses a mate with low genetic load for the same disorder.

Accepted Answer

Assortative mating occurs when individuals choose mates with similar characteristics, including genetic predispositions. In the case of conduct problems, this would mean that individuals with high genetic load for conduct problems would be more likely to choose mates with similar genetic load, resulting in positive assortative mating.

Question 18

Heterotypic continuity suggests that ODD,CD,and APD are different disorders in the same person that appear over time.

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Question 19

Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD)is generally diagnosed by the time children are 5 years old.

Accepted Answer

While symptoms of ODD may be present in young children, a formal diagnosis is typically not made until the child is at least 6 years old.

Question 20

Separation anxiety disorder is a common externalizing disorder often diagnosed among young children and adolescents.

Accepted Answer

Separation anxiety disorder is considered an internalizing disorder, as it involves anxiety and fear about separation from attachment figures, rather than external behaviors directed towards the external environment.

Quiz 15: Behaviour and Emotional Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence