Question 1

Biased sampling is an example of

Accepted Answer

Biased sampling is an example of process loss because it refers to the inefficiencies in group decision-making where important information is not shared or considered, leading to suboptimal outcomes.

Question 2

A shared system for remembering information that allows multiple people to demonstrate more efficient memory than they could do alone is called

Accepted Answer

Transactive memory is a shared system for remembering information that allows groups to collectively encode, store, and retrieve knowledge more efficiently than individuals could do alone.

Question 3

Groupthink is more likely to occur

Accepted Answer

Groupthink is more likely to occur in highly cohesive groups because members are more concerned with maintaining group harmony and consensus than with objectively evaluating alternatives. When group cohesiveness is high, members may feel pressure to conform to the group's norms and suppress dissenting opinions, leading to flawed decision-making.

Question 4

Hendricks owns a small aerospace company and wants to make sure that she recognizes the signs of groupthink if it crops up in her group meetings.She should be especially concerned that groupthink may be occurring if the group exhibits

Accepted Answer

Close-mindedness is a key indicator of groupthink, as it involves the group ignoring alternative viewpoints and being resistant to outside opinions, leading to poor decision-making.

Question 5

Latasha joined a campus group called "Young Republicans." Which of these outcomes is most consistent with the persuasive arguments explanation for group polarization?

Accepted Answer

The persuasive arguments explanation for group polarization suggests that exposure to new arguments and ideas within a group can lead individuals to adopt more extreme positions.

Question 6

Based on the social comparison explanation of group polarization,group members' attitudes toward an issue should be most influenced by

Accepted Answer

Social comparison theory suggests that group polarization occurs because individuals want to align their attitudes with the dominant position within their group, so the number of people in the group who share an attitude is most influential.

Question 7

Kelly always remembers the information about family events,birthdays,finances,and so forth.Her spouse,Kirk,always remembers the information about world history,politics,news events,and so forth.Together,they are able to remember much more than they would alone because they have developed a(n)______________system.

Accepted Answer

Transactive memory is a system through which groups collectively encode, store, and retrieve knowledge, allowing them to remember more information together than they would individually.

Question 8

Coach Valentine does not think that his team is playing up to its full potential.To increase the performance of the team,the coach should

Accepted Answer

Setting specific, challenging, and reachable goals can motivate the team to improve performance by providing clear objectives and a sense of accomplishment when achieved.

Question 9

Jai is allowed to speak to his supervisor,but not to report anything to his supervisor's supervisor.This describes the in Jai's work group.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Jai is allowed to speak to his...

Question 10

Groupthink emerges when

Accepted Answer

Groupthink occurs when the need for group agreement and consensus overpowers the desire to obtain accurate information and make informed decisions. This often leads to flawed decision-making because individuals are hesitant to challenge the dominant ideas or opinions within the group.

Question 11

The characteristics of groups that contribute to groupthink include all of the following except group

Accepted Answer

Group size is not typically considered a characteristic that contributes to groupthink. Groupthink is more influenced by cohesiveness, structure, and stress.

Question 12

Research by Woolley and colleagues (2008)suggest that when it comes to expertise and planning,

Accepted Answer

Groups that had both experts and planned their actions ahead of time performed well on complex tasks, indicating the importance of both expertise and planning.

Question 13

Consider a study in which researchers created groups of relatively prejudiced and unprejudiced high school students and asked them to respond to issues concerning racial attitudes,both before and after discussion of these issues. Following the group discussions,you would expect that

Accepted Answer

Group discussions often lead to polarization, where individuals with similar initial attitudes become more extreme in their views. Thus, unprejudiced students may become less prejudiced, while prejudiced students may become more prejudiced.

Question 14

Which of the following is a strictly informational social influence explanation for group polarization?

Accepted Answer

Persuasive arguments theory is a strictly informational social influence explanation for group polarization, as it focuses on the impact of new information and arguments presented during group discussions.

Question 15

Biased sampling is least likely to reduce group effectiveness when group members have______________trust,and unique information is known by______________.

Accepted Answer

Biased sampling can harm group effectiveness if group members have low trust and unique information is only known by one group member. In this case, biased sampling may prevent this important information from being shared and considered by the group. However, if group members have high trust and multiple members have access to the unique information, biased sampling is less likely to diminish group effectiveness.

Question 16

If it is important for your group to overcome biased information sampling in a decision-making task,what goal should your group's leader focus on?

Accepted Answer

Critical discussion and delay of consensus help ensure that all relevant information is considered, reducing the impact of biased information sampling.

Question 17

Group polarization may,in part,stem______________from

Accepted Answer

Group polarization can occur because individuals in a group may want to differentiate their group from others, leading to more extreme positions.

Question 18

Biased sampling in groups is the process whereby

Accepted Answer

Biased sampling in groups occurs when information that is known by many group members tends to enter into the discussion more than information known only by a few. This can distort the decision-making process and lead to suboptimal outcomes.

Question 19

What would be an effective way for a leader to reduce the possibility of group think?

Accepted Answer

By expressing opinions only after other group members have voiced theirs, a leader can encourage open dialogue and diverse viewpoints, reducing the risk of groupthink.

Question 20

John,George,Paul,and Richard are air traffic controllers.They encounter a stressful,anxious situation in which two planes might soon collide.Which condition would most encourage this group of air traffic controllers to display groupthink when pondering their next step?

Accepted Answer

A cohesive group is more likely to experience groupthink because members prioritize harmony and consensus over critical evaluation of alternatives.

Quiz 8: Group Processes