Question 1

A popular approach to measuring the strength of the relationship between two categorical variables is
A) cross tabulation.
B) Pearson chi-square test of independence.
C) Cramer's V.
D) regression analysis.
E) Kendall's coefficient of concordance.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A popular approach to measuring the strength...

Question 2

When comparing the independent samples t-test for means and the paired sample t-test for means, one is for
A) univariate analysis while the other is for multivariate analysis.
B) small sample sizes while the other is for large sample sizes.
C) continuous variables while the other is for categorical variables.
D) measures from separate groups while the other is for measures from the same group.
E) All of the above.

Accepted Answer

The independent samples t-test is used for comparing means from separate groups, while the paired sample t-test is used for comparing means from the same group at different times or under different conditions.

Question 3

Refer to Scenario 18.3. What relationship can be inferred from the above table between family size and owing a microwave?
A) Nothing can be inferred.
B) The smaller the family the more likely they are to own a microwave.
C) A lower proportion of large families (4 or more) own microwaves than small families.
D) Owning a microwave causes family size to increase.
E) Ownership of a microwave tends to increase as family size increases.

Accepted Answer

Ownership of a microwave tends to increase as family size increases.

Question 4

Refer to Scenario 18.3. The above table is an example of
A) one-way classification.
B) cross tabulation.
C) one-way tabulation.
D) four-way classification.
E) three-way cross tabulation.

Accepted Answer

The table in Scenario 18.3 is an example of cross tabulation, which involves analyzing the relationship between two or more variables by displaying their frequency distribution in a matrix format.

Question 5

Which statistical technique should you use to answer the question: "Is there a significant relationship between education level (a four-category ordinal variable) and whether or not consumers are aware that Firestone is a brand of tires?"
A) Multiple regression analysis
B) Pearson correlation coefficient
C) Chi-square test
D) Simple regression analysis
E) None of the above.

Accepted Answer

The Chi-square test is appropriate for examining the relationship between two categorical variables, such as education level (ordinal) and brand awareness (binary).

Question 6

In ANOVA, the independent variables are typically called
A) treatments.
B) factors.
C) F-statistics.
D) causal variables.
E) tabulations.

Accepted Answer

In ANOVA, independent variables are referred to as "factors." These are the variables that are manipulated to observe their effect on the dependent variable.

Question 7

A gum manufacturer wants to determine whether blue packaging or red packaging is preferred. The company performs a sales test by introducing red packages into a random sample of ten stores and blue packages are introduced in an independent, random sample of ten stores. The technique most appropriate for analyzing the data is
A) paired sample t-test for means.
B) Spearman rank-order correlation analysis.
C) regression analysis.
D) independent samples t-test for means.
E) correlation analysis.

Accepted Answer

The independent samples t-test for means is appropriate here because the company is comparing the means of two independent groups (sales from stores with red packaging vs. sales from stores with blue packaging) to determine if there is a significant difference in preference.

Question 8

Which of the following concerning the Pearson chi-square test is FALSE?
A) The Pearson chi-square test is conceptually similar to the chi-square goodness-of-fit test.
B) The Pearson chi-square test tests the null hypothesis that the variables are independent.
C) The Pearson chi-square test measures the degree of association between variables.
D) The Pearson chi-square test assesses the degree to which the two variables in a cross tabulation analysis are independent of one another.
E) All of the above statements concerning the Pearson chi-square test are true.

Accepted Answer

The Pearson chi-square test does not measure the degree of association between variables; it tests whether there is a significant association or independence between categorical variables.

Question 9

Assuming the two predictors X₁and X₂are not correlated, the coefficients of partial regression can be interpreted as the A) unit change in the criterion variable associated with an average change in the appropriate predictor variable while holding the other predictor variable constant. B) change in the criterion variable associated with an average change in the predictor variables. C) average change in the criterion variable associated with an average change in the appropriate predictor variable while holding the other predictor variable constant. D) average change in the criterion variable associated with a unit change in the appropriate predictor variable while holding the other predictor variable constant. E) average change in the criterion variable associated with a unit change in the appropriate predictor variable.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Assuming the two predictors X₁and X_2...

Question 10

A gas station wants to compare a group of consumers' overall perceptions of service with overall perceptions of service for a nearby competitor. This situation calls for the use of
A) paired sample t-test for means.
B) Analysis of variance (ANOVA).
C) regression analysis.
D) independent samples t-test for means.
E) correlation analysis.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A gas station wants to compare a...

Question 11

Refer to Scenario 18.3. The most appropriate way to calculate percentages in the above table to reflect cause and effect is by dividing
A) each of the entries by 100.
B) 45 and 55 by 100.
C) 42 and 58 by 100.
D) entries in the first row by 45 and those in the second row by 55.
E) entries in the first column by 42 and those in the second column by 58.

Accepted Answer

To reflect cause and effect, percentages should be calculated by dividing each entry in a row by the total of that row, which is 45 for the first row and 55 for the second row.

Question 12

In ANOVA, a______________allows a researcher to examine simultaneously the effects of two or more independent variables.
A) cross tabulation
B) scatter diagram
C) correlation coefficient
D) factorial design
E) coefficient of determination

Accepted Answer

A factorial design in ANOVA allows researchers to examine the effects of two or more independent variables simultaneously.

Question 13

Consider the regression equation Y = 5 + 16X₁+ 38X₂relating annual expenditures on a particular product Y to X₁ and X₂, where Which of the following is FALSE? The equation suggests A) An upper class person could be expected on the average to spend $38 per year more than a lower class person on the product. B) A middle class person could be expected on the average to spend $16 more per year on the product than a lower class person. C) A lower class person could be expected on the average to spend $5 per year on the product. D) An upper class person could be expected on the average to spend $22 more per year on the product than a middle class person. E) An upper class person could be expected on the average to spend $38 per year on the product.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Consider the regression equation Y = 5...

Question 14

Which of the following is FALSE about cross tabulations?
A) Cross tabulations work equally well with continuous measures that have been recast as categorical measures.
B) Cross tabulations are used for studying the relationships between two (or more) categorical variables.
C) Recasting continuous measures into categories may result in lowered statistical power.
D) Cross tabulation seeks to investigate the influence of the independent variable on the dependent variable.
E) Recasting continuous measures into categories almost never results in the loss of information.

Accepted Answer

Recasting continuous measures into categories often results in the loss of information, as it simplifies the data and may overlook nuances present in the continuous data.

Question 15

If a researcher were to take ten Asian countries where per capita income and automobile ownership by per capita were known, trying to find the overall picture of market size for the market could probably be done by using which of the following methods?
A) Analogy method
B) Latin square
C) Trade audit
D) Chain ratio method
E) Regression analysis

Accepted Answer

Regression analysis is a statistical method that can be used to find the relationship between two or more variables. In this case, the researcher could use regression analysis to find the relationship between per capita income and automobile ownership by per capita. This information could then be used to estimate the overall market size for the market.

Question 16

A research study involving the research question: "On the basis of a survey of husband-wife households, is there a significant difference between the mean attitude score of husbands and that of wives toward our product?" will involve a test
A) for a single proportion.
B) of two means when samples are independent.
C) for a single mean.
D) of two means when samples are dependent.
E) None of the above.

Accepted Answer

The study involves comparing the mean attitude scores of husbands and wives within the same households, making the samples dependent.

Question 17

If an organization selects two towns for a market study (one for the test and the other as a control) and measures the amount of trash in pounds per household, it must first determine the equality of the two towns using a test of
A) a single proportion.
B) a single mean.
C) two means.
D) two proportions.
E) None of the above.

Accepted Answer

The organization needs to compare the average amount of trash per household between the two towns, which involves comparing two means.

Question 18

Cramer's V is scaled to range between
A) 0.0 and 1.0.
B) -1.0 and 0.0.
C) -1.0 and 1.0.
D) 0.0 to ∞.
E) ­∞8 to ∞.

Accepted Answer

Cramer's V is a measure of association between two nominal variables, and it is scaled to range between 0.0 and 1.0, where 0 indicates no association and 1 indicates a perfect association.

Question 19

Which of the assumptions listed below are necessary in order for the coefficients in a partial regression equation to be interpreted as the average change in the criterion variable associated with a unit change in the appropriate predictor variable holding other predictor variables constant?
A) The predictor variables must be correlated.
B) The variance among predictor variables must be equal.
C) The criterion variable must be normally distributed.
D) The predictor variables must be uncorrelated.
E) None of the above are necessary assumptions.

Accepted Answer

The assumption necessary for interpreting coefficients in a partial regression equation as the average change in the criterion variable is that predictor variables must be uncorrelated, ensuring that the effect of each predictor is isolated.

Question 20

Refer to Scenario 18.3. In absolute numbers, how many millions of households own a microwave?
A) 15 million
B) 100 million
C) 42 million
D) 55 million
E) 27 million

Accepted Answer

42 million households own a microwave.

Quiz 18: Analysis and Interpretation Multiple Variables Simultaneously

A popular approach to measuring the strength of the relationship between two categorical variables is

When comparing the independent samples t-test for means and the paired sample t-test for means, one is for

Refer to Scenario 18.3. What relationship can be inferred from the above table between family size and owing a microwave?

Refer to Scenario 18.3. The above table is an example of

Which statistical technique should you use to answer the question: "Is there a significant relationship between education level (a four-category ordinal variable) and whether or not consumers are aware that Firestone is a brand of tires?"

In ANOVA, the independent variables are typically called

Which of the following concerning the Pearson chi-square test is FALSE?

Assuming the two predictors X1 and X2 are not correlated, the coefficients of partial regression can be interpreted as the

A gas station wants to compare a group of consumers' overall perceptions of service with overall perceptions of service for a nearby competitor. This situation calls for the use of

Refer to Scenario 18.3. The most appropriate way to calculate percentages in the above table to reflect cause and effect is by dividing

In ANOVA, a______________allows a researcher to examine simultaneously the effects of two or more independent variables.

Consider the regression equation Y = 5 + 16X1 + 38X2 relating annual expenditures on a particular product Y to X1 and X2, where Which of the following is FALSE? The equation suggests

Which of the following is FALSE about cross tabulations?

If a researcher were to take ten Asian countries where per capita income and automobile ownership by per capita were known, trying to find the overall picture of market size for the market could probably be done by using which of the following methods?

A research study involving the research question: "On the basis of a survey of husband-wife households, is there a significant difference between the mean attitude score of husbands and that of wives toward our product?" will involve a test

If an organization selects two towns for a market study (one for the test and the other as a control) and measures the amount of trash in pounds per household, it must first determine the equality of the two towns using a test of

Cramer's V is scaled to range between

Which of the assumptions listed below are necessary in order for the coefficients in a partial regression equation to be interpreted as the average change in the criterion variable associated with a unit change in the appropriate predictor variable holding other predictor variables constant?

Refer to Scenario 18.3. In absolute numbers, how many millions of households own a microwave?

Assuming the two predictors X₁and X₂are not correlated, the coefficients of partial regression can be interpreted as the

Consider the regression equation Y = 5 + 16X₁+ 38X₂relating annual expenditures on a particular product Y to X₁ and X₂, where Which of the following is FALSE? The equation suggests