Question 1

Inductive reasoning is a type of reasoning in which subordinate classes are included in larger,superordinate classes.

Accepted Answer

Inductive reasoning involves making generalizations based on specific observations or instances, rather than classifying objects into different classes or categories.

Question 2

Writing tests in their home language is a legitimate educational support for LEP students in their transition to English-only instruction.

Accepted Answer

Allowing LEP students to write tests in their home language provides them with a sense of comfort and familiarity, which can be beneficial to their learning process. It also ensures that their understanding of concepts is not hindered by language barriers, allowing them to develop a deeper understanding of the subject. As they progress, they can gradually transition to English-only instruction. Therefore, writing tests in their home language is a legitimate educational support for LEP students.

Question 3

Research has shown that the submersion style of education is the most effective approach to help LEP students to quickly become proficient in English.

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that immersion and bilingual education strategies are generally more effective than submersion (sink or swim) approaches for helping Limited English Proficiency (LEP) students become proficient in English. Submersion often leaves students struggling without adequate support.

Question 4

The term "dyslexia" is often used incorrectly to refer to a learning disability related to reading.

Accepted Answer

Dyslexia is a specific learning disorder that affects a person's ability to read, write, and spell. It is not a general term for all reading-related learning disabilities.

Question 5

According to Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences,intrapersonal intelligence refers to sensitivity to the behaviour,moods,and needs of others.

Accepted Answer

Intrapersonal intelligence actually refers to the ability to understand oneself, one's emotions, thoughts, and motivations. It involves having self-awareness, self-reflection, and the ability to use this knowledge to regulate oneself and navigate one's own life. Sensitivity to the behavior, moods, and needs of others is actually a component of interpersonal intelligence.

Question 6

Many Indigenous languages are now extinct or lost due to the lack of heritage-language legislation and policies in Canada.

Accepted Answer

It is true that many Indigenous languages are now extinct or lost due to the lack of heritage-language legislation and policies in Canada.

Question 7

According to Robert Siegler,children's rules for problem-solving emerge from their specific experiences.

Accepted Answer

Robert Siegler's theory of rule acquisition suggests that children's problem-solving strategies are based on their experiences and observations. As they encounter new problems and situations, they develop and refine their strategies for solving them. Therefore, the rules and strategies that children use for problem-solving are specific to their own experiences and contexts.

Question 8

Bilingual education has many educational,social,and cognitive benefits,including dementia prevention.

Accepted Answer

Bilingualism has been linked to delaying the onset of dementia and Alzheimer’s disease. Studies have found that bilingual individuals have better cognitive functioning and brain plasticity, which may provide a protective effect against cognitive decline.

Question 9

According to Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences,intrapersonal intelligence is the ability to understand oneself.

Accepted Answer

According to Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences, intrapersonal intelligence is the ability to understand oneself, one's thoughts, and emotions.

Question 10

Twenty-five percent of the Canadian population experience learning problems related to early childhood learning disabilities.

Accepted Answer

This statement is false. According to the Canadian Institute for Health Information, approximately 6.2% of Canadian children aged 5 to 17 are diagnosed with a learning disability. It is important to note that not all learning disabilities originate from early childhood.

Question 11

Research shows that children as young as 7 years old sometimes express dissatisfaction with their weight and physical appearance.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that children as young as 7 years old can express dissatisfaction with their weight and physical appearance, which can lead to body image concerns and potential eating disorders.

Question 12

Deductive logic involves going from the specific to the general.

Accepted Answer

Deductive logic involves going from the general to the specific. It starts with a general principle, theory or statement and logically deduces a specific conclusion based on that principle.

Question 13

If a child can correctly answer the question "What is 8 times 8?" without pausing to calculate the answer,the child is demonstrating the cognitive skill of metacognition.

Accepted Answer

Metacognition refers to the ability to think about thinking, which includes being aware of one's own thought processes and knowledge. Knowing the answer to a mathematical calculation without needing to calculate it does not necessarily demonstrate metacognition. It may instead demonstrate automaticity or memorization of math facts.

Question 14

Researchers believe that the general problem that underlies poor reading skills is difficulty with sound-letter combinations.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that difficulties with phonological processing, or the ability to perceive and manipulate sound units of language, including sound-letter combinations, can contribute to poor reading skills.

Question 15

Daniel Goleman's theory of emotional intelligence is supported by the fact that children's ability to control their emotions in childhood is strongly related to measures of academic achievement in high school.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true and supported by research. Children who have better emotional regulation skills in childhood tend to have higher academic achievement in high school.

Question 16

In the diagnosis of LD,intellectual functioning is not considered,but assessing acquisition,organization,retention,understanding,and use of verbal or nonverbal information skills are assessed.

Accepted Answer

In the diagnosis of Learning Disabilities (LD), intellectual functioning is considered alongside the assessment of acquisition, organization, retention, understanding, and use of verbal or nonverbal information. This is because a significant discrepancy between intellectual potential and actual academic achievement is often a key factor in identifying LD.

Question 17

A child who understands hierarchical classification but has never seen illustrations of the solar system would be able to create classifications of planets,suns,and moons in the solar system as easily as a child who is an amateur astronomer.

Accepted Answer

While the child who understands hierarchical classification may have a framework for creating classifications, they lack the knowledge and information about the specific objects in the solar system. An amateur astronomer, who has studied and observed the solar system, would likely have more accurate and detailed classifications.

Question 18

In Canada,a significant aspect of IQ tests is that they have been standardized for Aboriginal children.

Accepted Answer

IQ tests in Canada have been criticized for not being adequately standardized or culturally adapted for Aboriginal children, potentially leading to inaccurate assessments of their cognitive abilities.

Question 19

The ability to recall information from long-term memory without using short-term memory is called automaticity.This skill can only be acquired as a result of brain growth known as myelinization.

Accepted Answer

Automaticity is developed through practice and repetition, not solely through myelination, which is the process of forming a myelin sheath around a nerve to allow nerve impulses to move more quickly.

Question 20

Automaticity is the ability to recall information from long-term memory without using short-term memory capacity.

Accepted Answer

Automaticity refers to the ability to perform tasks or recall information without having to consciously think about each step or piece of information. This allows the brain to conserve short-term memory capacity for other tasks.

Quiz 9: Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood