Question 1

Which of the following refers to concepts that can vary or take on different numerical values?

Accepted Answer

Variables are concepts that can vary or take on different numerical values.

Question 2

Which of the following refers to research concerned with solving or addressing immediate policy problems?

Accepted Answer

Applied research is focused on applying existing knowledge to address specific practical problems, making it directly relevant to solving or addressing immediate policy problems.

Question 3

Which of the following was NOT a suggested factor by Hirschi and Selvin for either doing or critiquing the research of others?

Accepted Answer

B

Question 4

Which of the following is considered on the other "polar extreme" as scientism and where the researcher takes the stance that "if you cannot measure something,then it is not worth studying or commenting on"?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is considered on...

Question 5

Who offered the notion that the purpose of research it to gain a qualitative understanding of phenomena from the perspective of the subjects;also referred to as verstehen?

Accepted Answer

Max Weber introduced the concept of verstehen, emphasizing the importance of understanding social phenomena from the perspective of the individuals involved.

Question 6

Which of the following describes confirmation of the accuracy of findings?

Accepted Answer

Verification refers to the process of confirming the accuracy and validity of findings.

Question 7

Which of the following refers to the repetition of experiments or studies utilizing the same methodology?

Accepted Answer

Replication refers to the process of repeating research or experiments to verify results and ensure reliability by using the same methodology.

Question 8

Which of the following refers to operationalization and numerical measurement of variables?

Accepted Answer

Operationalization and numerical measurement of variables are key characteristics of quantitative research, which focuses on quantifying relationships between variables.

Question 9

Which of the following is a plausible explanation of reality?

Accepted Answer

A theory is a plausible explanation of reality that is based on evidence and reasoning.

Question 10

Which of the following refers to a sense of disorientation experienced by a person when suddenly confronted with an unfamiliar style of presentation and research language?

Accepted Answer

Research shock refers to the feeling of disorientation or confusion that a person may experience when they are suddenly exposed to an unfamiliar style of presentation or the specialized language used in research.

Question 11

Which of the following refers to the abstract or symbolic tags placed on reality?

Accepted Answer

Concepts are abstract or symbolic tags placed on reality, serving as the building blocks for theory development and research in various fields, including sociology and psychology. They help in categorizing and generalizing about elements of the world, making it easier to understand and communicate complex ideas or phenomena.

Question 12

Which of the following is described as a view of all social events as a distinct chronicle of unique happenings?

Accepted Answer

Historicism is the view that all social events are seen as unique occurrences in history, emphasizing the importance of understanding the historical context and conditions that shape events. This perspective argues against generalizing social phenomena across different historical periods.

Question 13

Who described how the evolution of new knowledge,rather than being slow and incremental,is often dependent upon new paradigms that may stand previous assumptions on their heads?

Accepted Answer

Thomas Kuhn described this process in his work on the structure of scientific revolutions, introducing the concept of paradigm shifts to explain how scientific progress is often not gradual but rather occurs in leaps and bounds as new paradigms replace old ones.

Question 14

Which of the following combine rational theoretical explanation with the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

Science combines rational theoretical explanation with the scientific method, as it involves forming hypotheses and testing them through systematic observation and experimentation.

Question 15

Which of the following are suggestions made by Bayley for improving criminal justice research

Accepted Answer

Bayley suggests that criminal justice research can be improved by embracing interdisciplinary efforts, focusing on practical problems, addressing practitioners' concerns realistically, and moving beyond an excessive focus on methodology.

Question 16

Which of the following refers to research for the purpose of developing "sensitizing concepts" and verstehen rather than quantitative measurement?

Accepted Answer

Qualitative research focuses on developing an understanding of human behavior and the reasons that govern such behavior. It aims to provide insights and develop "sensitizing concepts" that help in understanding phenomena in depth, rather than quantifying them. This approach aligns with the concept of verstehen, which involves an empathetic understanding of human action.

Question 17

Which of the following is a model or schema that provides a perspective from which to view reality?

Accepted Answer

A paradigm is a model or schema that provides a perspective from which to view reality, guiding the way we interpret observations and understand the world.

Question 18

Which of the following is described as being the language of research?

Accepted Answer

Researchese is a term used to describe the language of research, which is often characterized by its use of jargon and technical terms.

Question 19

Which of the following refers to fanatical adherence to a preferred method at the expense of substance?

Accepted Answer

Methodological narcissism refers to an excessive focus on one's preferred methods or techniques, often at the expense of the substance or broader understanding of the issue at hand. This term criticizes the tendency to prioritize methodology over the actual content or findings of research or work.

Question 20

Which of the following refers to the definition of concepts on the basis of how they are measured?

Accepted Answer

Operationalization refers to defining concepts based on how they are measured, making abstract concepts measurable and observable in a research context.

Quiz 1: Introduction to Criminal Justice Research Methods: Theory and Method