Question 1

In clients with schizophrenia,men are more likely than women to experience

Accepted Answer

Men with schizophrenia are more likely to experience negative symptoms, such as apathy, lack of emotion, and poor social functioning, compared to women. Positive symptoms include hallucinations and delusions, which do not show a significant gender difference in prevalence.

Question 2

Dr.Clark is treating clients with schizophrenia who have disorganized speech.She notices that their speech

Accepted Answer

Disorganized speech in schizophrenia is characterized by rapid shifts between topics with no obvious logic or connection, known as derailment or loose associations. This is distinct from the speech patterns observed in depressive disorders, simplicity akin to a child's speech, or delayed development.

Question 3

Compared with people who do not develop schizophrenia,people who develop schizophrenia

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that individuals who develop schizophrenia often exhibit more negative emotions and motor disturbances during childhood compared to those who do not develop the disorder.

Question 4

Mary experiences long periods of time when she feels very depressed.However,she occasionally goes through phases where she is highly focused on her painting and she creates beautiful works that provide a rewarding experience to her.It is most likely that Mary would be diagnosed with ________ disorder.

Accepted Answer

Bipolar II disorder is characterized by periods of depressive episodes followed by at least one hypomanic episode (which can involve increased focus and productivity, like Mary's painting phases), without the full-blown manic episodes that are characteristic of Bipolar I disorder.

Question 5

Which psychological disorder literally means "splitting of the mind" and is characterized by a split between thoughts and emotions?

Accepted Answer

Schizophrenia is derived from the Greek words "schizo" (split) and "phren" (mind), directly translating to "splitting of the mind." This term reflects the disorder's characteristic split between thought and emotion, not a split personality as commonly misconceived.

Question 6

One of your roommates comes from a small rural town and the other is from a large city.Does this factor affect their probability of experiencing a schizophrenic episode?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that individuals living in urban areas have a higher risk of developing schizophrenia compared to those in rural areas. This is believed to be due to factors such as increased stress, social isolation, and exposure to pollutants or infectious agents.

Question 7

In order to meet the diagnostic criteria of the DSM-5,people with bipolar I disorder must experience

Accepted Answer

Bipolar I disorder is characterized by the presence of at least one manic or mixed episode and at least one major depressive episode.

Question 8

Phoenix hears voices in his head that tell him to punch holes in the walls of his room.Because Phoenix perceives the voices without an external auditory stimulus,he is experiencing

Accepted Answer

Phoenix is experiencing a hallucination, which is a perception in the absence of external stimulus. In this case, hearing voices with no external source is indicative of an auditory hallucination.

Question 9

Carrie recently quit her job,packed up her car,and drove to Las Vegas,where she gambled away her entire life savings in 24 hours.Based on this,Carrie may be experiencing

Accepted Answer

Carrie's behavior of quitting her job, impulsively moving to Las Vegas, and gambling away her life savings in a short period suggests a manic episode, characterized by impulsive behavior, poor judgment, and risk-taking activities.

Question 10

Klaus has schizophrenia and believes that the ketchup dispenser at McDonalds sends him messages every Tuesday.Klaus's belief about this object being particularly special to him is an example of which type of delusion?

Accepted Answer

Referential delusions involve the belief that certain gestures, comments, environmental cues, or objects are specifically directed at oneself. In Klaus's case, believing that a ketchup dispenser sends him messages is an example of a referential delusion, as he thinks this ordinary object has a special, direct communication with him.

Question 11

Carmen believes that she has the amazing power to control the thoughts of her classmates and make them do what she wants.Mandy believes that all her classmates are trying to manipulate her thoughts.Carmen is experiencing ________ delusions,while Mandy is experiencing ________ delusions.

Accepted Answer

Carmen is experiencing grandiose delusions, which involve believing one has exceptional abilities, wealth, or power—in this case, the power to control others' thoughts. Mandy is experiencing control delusions, believing that others are controlling or manipulating her thoughts.

Question 12

Caroline acts strangely and it interferes with her life.She uses an old grocery cart to collect trash from the street.She wears multiple layers of clothing even when it is hot outside.She frequently seems to be talking to someone,though no one is nearby.Caroline is most likely

Accepted Answer

Caroline's behaviors, such as collecting trash with no clear purpose, wearing inappropriate clothing for the weather, and appearing to talk to someone when no one is there, are indicative of disorganized behavior. This type of behavior is a key symptom of schizophrenia, which is characterized by a breakdown in the relation between thought, emotion, and behavior, leading to faulty perception, inappropriate actions and feelings, withdrawal from reality and personal relationships into fantasy and delusion, and a sense of mental fragmentation.

Question 13

A woman says the following illogical sentences: "The eagle takes flight at three o'clock and flies here from General Electric.I get my check from the eagle;he goes from the mailbox to make a payment.He is a secret spy for my husband and makes a shotgun sound." Based on what she says,this woman is most likely experiencing ________ and is displaying a ________ symptom.

Accepted Answer

The woman is likely experiencing schizophrenia and displaying a positive symptom. Positive symptoms include hallucinations or delusions, which are evident in her illogical and disconnected statements. Negative symptoms, in contrast, involve a lack of certain qualities or behaviors, such as reduced emotion or motivation, which are not indicated here.

Question 14

John was recently diagnosed with schizophrenia.He frequently makes statements that are not logical and contain repeating rhyming words,such as "The train brain rained on me." In this example,John is displaying

Accepted Answer

Disorganized speech is a symptom of schizophrenia characterized by incoherent, illogical thoughts and speech patterns. John's use of repeating rhyming words that do not make logical sense is an example of disorganized speech.

Question 15

Research has shown that schizophrenia is influenced by biological factors.Specifically,brain-imaging studies have shown that in people with schizophrenia

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that individuals with schizophrenia often have a reduction in overall brain tissue, which is a sign of the disorder's impact on brain structure.

Question 16

Nash believes he is a part of a secret spy organization that sends coded messages to its informants through television commercials.Based on this,Nash is most likely experiencing

Accepted Answer

Nash's belief that he is part of a secret spy organization receiving coded messages through television commercials is indicative of delusions, which are fixed false beliefs that are not based in reality. This is a common symptom in certain psychiatric conditions, such as schizophrenia.

Question 17

Dwight is very apathetic toward others.He does not show much outward emotion,his speech is slow,and he speaks in a monotone.If Dwight has been diagnosed with schizophrenia,then what he is displaying are ________ symptoms.

Accepted Answer

Negative symptoms of schizophrenia are characterized by deficits or decreases in normal emotional responses, motivations, or behaviors. Dwight's apathy, lack of emotion, slow speech, and monotone voice are indicative of negative symptoms, which include things like reduced emotional expression or avolition (lack of motivation).

Question 18

Which of the following conditions would place you at the greatest risk of developing schizophrenia during your lifetime?

Accepted Answer

Having both parents with schizophrenia significantly increases the genetic risk of developing the disorder, more so than having a fraternal twin or a spouse with the disorder, or belonging to a culture with higher rates of schizophrenia.

Question 19

Dr.Black is interviewing a client.The client displays only the following symptoms: he rarely responds to the doctor's questions,shows no emotions,and does not make eye contact.Is Dr.Black able to make a diagnosis of schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

The client is displaying negative symptoms, which are characteristic of schizophrenia, but a diagnosis typically requires at least two of the five major symptoms of schizophrenia (delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, disorganized or catatonic behavior, and negative symptoms) according to most diagnostic criteria, such as the DSM-5. Since the client is only showing one type of symptom (negative symptoms), it's not sufficient for a diagnosis of schizophrenia.

Question 20

Simon is certain that every time he unlocks his front door,he is actually being tricked into opening up his mind to allow aliens to spy on his thoughts.Simon is most likely experiencing which type of delusion?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Simon is certain that every time he...

Quiz 14: Psychological Disorders