Question 1

When is stranger anxiety likely to peak?

Accepted Answer

Stranger anxiety typically peaks around the age of 1 year, as babies become more aware of their surroundings and can distinguish between familiar and unfamiliar people.

Question 2

Which of the following statements about children of divorce is false?

Accepted Answer

Children of divorce are not necessarily less psychologically healthy than children from high-conflict two-parent families. Research suggests that in some cases, children may benefit from the reduction in conflict that can result from divorce, as opposed to remaining in a tense, conflict-ridden environment.

Question 3

Which of the following statements about attachment style is true?

Accepted Answer

Attachment style, once established, tends to remain stable over time, especially throughout childhood. This stability is influenced by early interactions with caregivers and the environment, although changes can occur with significant life events or interventions.

Question 4

You enter the room where your three-month-old nephew,Jamie,is lying in his crib,and the wind abruptly slams the door behind you.In response,Jamie immediately arches his back and throws his arms out.He is demonstrating ____ reflex.

Accepted Answer

The Moro reflex is a startle reflex that is seen in infants. It occurs in response to a sudden loss of support or a loud sound, causing the baby to throw their arms out, arch their back, and then bring their arms together as if to hold onto something. This reflex typically disappears around 4 to 6 months of age.

Question 5

Who proposed that attachment is part of many species' genetic heritage,and its evolutionary function is to keep immature animals close to their parents so that they are protected from predators?

Accepted Answer

John Bowlby proposed the attachment theory, which suggests that attachment is an innate behavior in humans and other species, serving the evolutionary function of protecting young by keeping them close to their caregivers.

Question 6

Dion is a popular,independent,socially skilled 10-year-old.At one year of age,he probably had a(n)____ attachment style.

Accepted Answer

Dion's characteristics as a popular, independent, socially skilled child suggest that he likely had a secure attachment style in infancy. Secure attachment in early childhood is associated with positive social, emotional, and cognitive development, which aligns with Dion's described traits.

Question 7

Separation anxiety is the fear and distress ____.

Accepted Answer

Separation anxiety primarily refers to the distress and fear that infants or young children feel when they are separated from their primary caregivers. This is a normal stage of development that typically occurs from around six months of age, peaking at about 18 months.

Question 8

Which of the following primitive reflexes is the first to disappear?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following primitive reflexes is...

Question 9

Which of the following does not play a noticeable role in children's attachment styles?

Accepted Answer

Nutrition, while crucial for physical health and development, does not directly influence children's attachment styles. Attachment styles are more directly influenced by factors such as cultural beliefs, temperament, and especially the responsiveness of parenting, which affect emotional and social development.

Question 10

Diana's baby,Pilar,has just started to become very upset when Diana leaves her at daycare or with the babysitter.Pilar is probably around ____.

Accepted Answer

Pilar is likely experiencing separation anxiety, a normal stage of development that typically starts around 6 to 8 months old. At this age, babies begin to understand object permanence and become distressed when their primary caregivers are not present.

Question 11

Parents in the U.S.and Germany generally try to foster independence in their children at an early age,and thus,they will often give them a toy when they cry rather than pick them up.In contrast,Japanese parents do not promote independence in their children and hold them a great deal.What is one of the consequences of this cultural difference?

Accepted Answer

U.S. and German children, who are encouraged to be independent, may develop insecure attachment due to less physical closeness, unlike Japanese children who experience more physical closeness and secure attachment.

Question 12

Which of the following is not a survival reflex?

Accepted Answer

The stepping reflex is not considered a survival reflex. Survival reflexes are innate reflexes necessary for an organism's immediate survival. The rooting, pupillary, and eye-blink reflexes are examples of such reflexes, aiding in feeding, protecting the eyes from damage, and adjusting vision to light intensity, respectively. The stepping reflex, observed in newborns when they are held upright with their feet touching a solid surface, appears to be a primitive precursor to walking and does not directly contribute to an infant's immediate survival in the same way as the other listed reflexes.

Question 13

Which of the following is not true of stranger anxiety?

Accepted Answer

Stranger anxiety is not unique to Western culture; it is a common developmental phase experienced by children across various cultures around the world.

Question 14

Mothers with insecurely attached babies often ____.

Accepted Answer

Mothers with insecurely attached babies often refuse to console their baby when it is crying, which can contribute to the development of insecure attachment patterns in their children.

Question 15

Which of the following statements about parenting responsiveness,temperament,and attachment is true?

Accepted Answer

Most studies indicate that parenting responsiveness plays a more significant role than a child's temperament in determining the quality of attachment. This is because responsive parenting can adapt to a child's temperament and needs, fostering a secure attachment.

Question 16

The "theory" or "story" that a person constructs about herself/himself through social interaction is referred to as ____.

Accepted Answer

Self-concept is the understanding or perception that a person has about themselves, which is constructed through social interaction. It encompasses beliefs, attitudes, and perceptions about oneself.

Question 17

A basic ingredient in developing attachment that explains why children often clutch or stroke soft objects when they are tired is known as ____.

Accepted Answer

Contact comfort is a basic ingredient in developing attachment, explaining why children often seek physical closeness or comfort through soft objects when they are tired or distressed. This concept was highlighted through studies with infant monkeys and their preference for cloth mothers over wire mothers, emphasizing the importance of physical touch and comfort in attachment formation.

Question 18

The effects of divorce can negatively impact children in that ____.

Accepted Answer

Divorce can lead to mothers retaining primary custody, which might overburden them, leading to less warmth and consistency in discipline. This change in the family structure and dynamics can negatively impact children's emotional and psychological well-being.

Question 19

Your new baby cousin tends to react positively to new situations and is generally good natured.She is displaying a(n)____ temperament and will most likely develop a(n)____ attachment style.

Accepted Answer

An easygoing temperament, characterized by a positive reaction to new situations and a generally good nature, is often associated with the development of a secure attachment style. This is because children who are more adaptable and positive in their reactions tend to form stronger, more positive relationships with their caregivers, leading to secure attachments.

Question 20

Which of the following statements is true about children of divorce?

Accepted Answer

The emotional turmoil surrounding divorce can have a significant impact on children, and younger children may be more vulnerable due to their limited understanding and coping mechanisms compared to older children, who might have more resources and maturity to handle the changes.

Quiz 3: Human Development

When is stranger anxiety likely to peak?

Which of the following statements about children of divorce is false?

Which of the following statements about attachment style is true?

You enter the room where your three-month-old nephew,Jamie,is lying in his crib,and the wind abruptly slams the door behind you.In response,Jamie immediately arches his back and throws his arms out.He is demonstrating ____ reflex.

Who proposed that attachment is part of many species' genetic heritage,and its evolutionary function is to keep immature animals close to their parents so that they are protected from predators?

Dion is a popular,independent,socially skilled 10-year-old.At one year of age,he probably had a(n) ____ attachment style.

Separation anxiety is the fear and distress ____.

Which of the following primitive reflexes is the first to disappear?

Which of the following does not play a noticeable role in children's attachment styles?

Diana's baby,Pilar,has just started to become very upset when Diana leaves her at daycare or with the babysitter.Pilar is probably around ____.

Which of the following is not a survival reflex?

Which of the following is not true of stranger anxiety?

Mothers with insecurely attached babies often ____.

Which of the following statements about parenting responsiveness,temperament,and attachment is true?

The "theory" or "story" that a person constructs about herself/himself through social interaction is referred to as ____.

A basic ingredient in developing attachment that explains why children often clutch or stroke soft objects when they are tired is known as ____.

The effects of divorce can negatively impact children in that ____.

Your new baby cousin tends to react positively to new situations and is generally good natured.She is displaying a(n) temperament and will most likely develop a(n) attachment style.

Which of the following statements is true about children of divorce?

Quiz 3: Human Development

When is stranger anxiety likely to peak?

Which of the following statements about children of divorce is false?

Which of the following statements about attachment style is true?

You enter the room where your three-month-old nephew,Jamie,is lying in his crib,and the wind abruptly slams the door behind you.In response,Jamie immediately arches his back and throws his arms out.He is demonstrating ____ reflex.

Who proposed that attachment is part of many species' genetic heritage,and its evolutionary function is to keep immature animals close to their parents so that they are protected from predators?

Dion is a popular,independent,socially skilled 10-year-old.At one year of age,he probably had a(n) ____ attachment style.

Separation anxiety is the fear and distress ____.

Which of the following primitive reflexes is the first to disappear?

Which of the following does not play a noticeable role in children's attachment styles?

Diana's baby,Pilar,has just started to become very upset when Diana leaves her at daycare or with the babysitter.Pilar is probably around ____.

Which of the following is not a survival reflex?

Which of the following is not true of stranger anxiety?

Mothers with insecurely attached babies often ____.

Which of the following statements about parenting responsiveness,temperament,and attachment is true?

The "theory" or "story" that a person constructs about herself/himself through social interaction is referred to as ____.

A basic ingredient in developing attachment that explains why children often clutch or stroke soft objects when they are tired is known as ____.

The effects of divorce can negatively impact children in that ____.

Your new baby cousin tends to react positively to new situations and is generally good natured.She is displaying a(n) ____ temperament and will most likely develop a(n) ____ attachment style.

Which of the following statements is true about children of divorce?

Your new baby cousin tends to react positively to new situations and is generally good natured.She is displaying a(n) temperament and will most likely develop a(n) attachment style.