Question 1

Select the structure that the medial wall of the right atrium contains.

Accepted Answer

The interatrial septum is the structure that forms the medial wall of the right atrium, separating it from the left atrium.

Question 2

Which of the following has a slight bulge seen at the aortic valve cusps?

Accepted Answer

The Sinus of Valsalva refers to the dilation seen at the root of the aorta, right above the aortic valve cusps, where slight bulges are observed. These bulges are important in the functioning of the aortic valve, allowing the leaflets to close properly and prevent the backflow of blood.

Question 3

The pericardial sac protects the heart from:

Accepted Answer

The pericardial sac, or pericardium, is a double-walled sac containing the heart and the roots of the great vessels. Its primary function is to protect the heart by reducing friction between the heart and surrounding structures, allowing the heart to move smoothly in response to its own contractions and relaxations.

Question 4

The wall of the aorta bulges slightly at each semilunar cusp to form which one of the following?

Accepted Answer

The bulges in the wall of the aorta at each semilunar cusp are known as the sinuses of Valsalva. These are important anatomical features that facilitate the proper function of the aortic valve and provide origins for the coronary arteries.

Question 5

Defects in the valves may cause turbulence or regurgitation on auscultation, which is called _____________.

Accepted Answer

Murmur is the correct term used to describe the sounds produced by turbulence or regurgitation of blood flow due to valve defects during auscultation.

Question 6

The right border of the heart is formed by the ______________.

Accepted Answer

The right border of the heart is formed by the right atrium, which is the chamber of the heart that receives deoxygenated blood from the systemic circulation via the superior and inferior vena cavae.

Question 7

The mitral valve separates which of the following sets of structures?

Accepted Answer

The mitral valve, also known as the bicuspid valve, separates the left atrium from the left ventricle in the heart. It prevents the backflow of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium.

Question 8

The inferior vena cava is guarded by a fold of tissue called the _____ valve, whereas the coronary sinus is guarded by the _____ valve.

Accepted Answer

The inferior vena cava is guarded by a fold of tissue called the eustachian valve, whereas the coronary sinus is guarded by the thebesian valve.

Question 9

The most posterior chamber to the left of the sternum is the ___________.

Accepted Answer

The left atrium is the most posterior chamber to the left of the sternum. It receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and is situated posteriorly in the heart's anatomy.

Question 10

The apex of the heart is formed by the _____________.

Accepted Answer

The apex of the heart is formed by the left ventricle. It is the tip of the heart pointing down towards the left.

Question 11

The forceful contraction of the cardiac chambers is ___________, and the relaxed phase of the cycle is ___________.

Accepted Answer

Systole refers to the phase of the cardiac cycle during which the heart muscle contracts and pumps blood from the chambers into the arteries. Diastole is the phase when the heart muscle relaxes and allows the chambers to fill with blood.

Question 12

The _____________ is the pleural reflection between the costal and diaphragmatic portions of the parietal pleura.

Accepted Answer

The costophrenic sinus is the space at the junction of the costal and diaphragmatic portions of the parietal pleura, often referred to in the context of its visibility and potential fluid accumulation on chest X-rays.

Question 13

The tricuspid valve opens when the:

Accepted Answer

The tricuspid valve opens when the pressure in the right ventricle drops below the pressure in the right atrium, allowing blood to flow from the atrium into the ventricle.

Question 14

The base of the heart is formed by the ______________.

Accepted Answer

The base of the heart is primarily formed by the left atrium, which is located at the top of the heart and faces posteriorly.

Question 15

Which valve prevents retrograde flow between the aorta and left ventricle?

Accepted Answer

The semilunar valves, which include the aortic valve, prevent the backflow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during ventricular diastole.

Question 16

The outflow tract of the right ventricle is also called the _______________.

Accepted Answer

The outflow tract of the right ventricle is also called the infundibulum.

Question 17

The roof of the right ventricle is occupied by the _______________, which lies between the tricuspid and pulmonary orifices.

Accepted Answer

The crista supraventricularis is a muscular ridge that separates the inflow and outflow tracts of the right ventricle, specifically lying between the tricuspid and pulmonary valves, thus occupying the roof of the right ventricle.

Question 18

Approximately how many beats per minute is the normal adult heart rate?

Accepted Answer

The normal resting heart rate for adults ranges from 60 to 100 beats per minute, with 70 being a common average within this range.

Question 19

Two pulmonary veins enter posteriorly in which one of the following?

Accepted Answer

The left atrium is the chamber of the heart that receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via the pulmonary veins. There are actually four pulmonary veins, two from each lung, that enter the left atrium, not just two.

Question 20

The superior vena cava (SVC) enters the right atrium __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The superior vena cava (SVC) enters the...

Quiz 30: Anatomic and Physiologic Relationships Within the Thoracic Cavity