Question 1

What are Psilocybe mexicana and Psilocybe cubensis?

Accepted Answer

Psilocybe mexicana and Psilocybe cubensis are species of hallucinogenic mushrooms, known for containing psychoactive compounds like psilocybin and psilocin, which cause hallucinations.

Question 2

Although many drugs can be called a hallucinogen, important differences exist among them. Which of the flowing is NOT a difference?

Accepted Answer

The known street value of a drug is not considered a scientific or pharmacological difference among hallucinogens. Differences in chemical structures, pharmacological properties, and levels of danger are relevant distinctions.

Question 3

The term "psychedelic" has been linked to which decade?

Accepted Answer

The term "psychedelic" is most closely associated with the 1960s, a decade known for its counterculture movement, which included the widespread use of psychedelic drugs like LSD and psilocybin mushrooms, and the emergence of psychedelic art and music.

Question 4

Which major grouping of hallucinogens typically allows the user to remain in some touch with the real world and to also Knowledge much of what he or she experienced?

Accepted Answer

Phantastica is a category of hallucinogens that allows users to remain somewhat connected to reality while experiencing altered perceptions, enabling them to recall their experiences afterwards.

Question 5

Why is LSD considered to be the most potent psychoactive agent known to man?

Accepted Answer

LSD is considered the most potent psychoactive agent because it produces significant effects at very low dosages, often in the microgram range.

Question 6

Why was there an early interest in LSD research?

Accepted Answer

LSD attracted early research interest due to its supposed ability to access the subconscious mind, which intrigued psychologists and other scientists exploring the human psyche and potential therapeutic applications.

Question 7

Which term might describe the following belief that if a plant contains a spirit, then eating the plant transfers that spirit to the person who eats it?

Accepted Answer

Animism is the belief that objects, places, and creatures all possess a distinct spiritual essence. This belief system often includes the idea that eating certain plants or animals allows a person to absorb their spirit or essence, fitting the description provided.

Question 8

Two frequent overall types of LSD "trips" are described in the text using what terms?

Accepted Answer

Expansive and constricted are terms used to describe the overall types of experiences (or "trips") that individuals may have when using LSD. These terms reflect the nature of the psychological experience, with "expansive" referring to feelings of openness and boundary dissolution, and "constricted" referring to more inward-focused, possibly anxious experiences.

Question 9

During the 1950s and 60s the Canadian government funded the research of Dr. Donald Cameron who some have suggested used LSD with psychiatric patients, and often without their consent to investigate which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The answer of During the 1950s and 60s the Canadian...

Question 10

In early societies, shaman or medicine man (or women) were specialists in the ways plants were harvested. They were important not only for understanding what we now call medicine, but also because he or she was which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Shamans or medicine men/women often served as spiritual or religious leaders within their communities, using their knowledge of the natural world in rituals and healing practices.

Question 11

Which early LSD researcher was fired from his academic job then later became a proponent of hallucinogenic drug use, and started a religion in which LSD was the sacrament?

Accepted Answer

Timothy Leary was an early LSD researcher who was fired from his academic position. He later became a vocal advocate for the use of LSD and other hallucinogens, and he founded a religion where LSD was considered a sacrament.

Question 12

LSD and psilocybin belong to which chemical grouping?

Accepted Answer

LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide) and psilocybin are both classified as indoles, a category of compounds that share a common chemical structure that includes a benzene ring fused to a pyrrole ring.

Question 13

In rare cases, people who have used LSD experience similar symptoms weeks or months later. What term describes this experience?

Accepted Answer

Flashbacks are unexpected recurrences of the sensory and emotional experiences originally induced by LSD, happening long after the drug has been metabolized and its immediate effects have worn off.

Question 14

What was the profession/role of the first to report on the psychological effect of LSD?

Accepted Answer

The first to report on the psychological effects of LSD was Albert Hofmann, a Swiss chemist, who accidentally discovered its hallucinogenic effects in 1943.

Question 15

LSD was synthesized from alkaloids derived from which of the following?

Accepted Answer

LSD (Lysergic acid diethylamide) was synthesized from alkaloids derived from the ergot fungus, a fungus that grows on rye and other grains.

Question 16

Which of the following describes the sensation of experiencing sounds as pictures, or of seeing movements produced by musical rhythms?

Accepted Answer

Synesthesia is a condition where one sense is simultaneously perceived as if by one or more additional senses. For example, someone with synesthesia might see colors when they hear music or associate specific tastes with certain sounds.

Question 17

Who was the first to reference hallucinogens in 1924?

Accepted Answer

Lewis Lewin was the first to reference hallucinogens in 1924 through his work on psychoactive plants, predating the others who are also well-known figures in the study of hallucinogens but came later.

Question 18

Who was the first to report the psychological effect of LSD?

Accepted Answer

Albert Hofmann, a Swiss chemist, was the first to synthesize, ingest, and learn of the psychedelic effects of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) in 1943.

Question 19

Although LSD has complex effects in the brain, the best evidence indicates that its hallucinogenic properties are due to stimulating which of the following?

Accepted Answer

LSD's hallucinogenic effects are primarily attributed to its stimulation of serotonin 2A receptors in the brain. This interaction is considered central to the mechanism by which LSD produces its characteristic psychedelic effects.

Question 20

One name that has been used to describe hallucinogenic drugs is psychedelic. What does it mean?

Accepted Answer

Psychedelic drugs are often referred to as "mind-viewing," which suggests they can produce profound, visionary experiences or insights, rather than implying harm or enhancement of intelligence.

Quiz 14: Hallucinogens