Question 1

Today, most psychologists take ________ approach to human development.
A)a nativist
B)an empiricist
C)a dualist
D)an interactionist

Accepted Answer

Most psychologists today favor an interactionist approach, which suggests that human development is shaped by a combination of both innate factors and environmental influences. This perspective acknowledges the complex interplay between genetics and experience.

Question 2

The ________ method of developmental data collection follows one person (or a single group of people)over time, and provides information about ________.
A)longitudinal; age changes
B)cross-sectional; age changes
C)cohort; age differences
D)longitudinal; age differences

Accepted Answer

The longitudinal method involves studying the same individual or group over a period of time, which allows researchers to observe how they change as they age, thus providing information about age changes.

Question 3

Developmental psychology ________.
A)examines how changes occur through eight major stages of life
B)uses a learning theory approach that suggests nature is more important in development than nurture
C)avoids controversial issues by focusing only on what can be proven through research
D)does not involve experimental research, as it is not possible to manipulate variables on these topics

Accepted Answer

Developmental psychology studies how people change over the course of their life, often conceptualized through various stages, such as Erik Erikson's eight stages of psychosocial development.

Question 4

Assad and Juana believe in stimulating their new baby's senses by playing and singing to her.They also believe it is important to reinforce her curiosity and her attempts to interact with them verbally.It is MOST likely that Assad and Juana believe that ________ is the major contributor to their child's development.
A)nurture
B)sensation training
C)nature
D)maturation

Accepted Answer

Assad and Juana's actions of playing, singing, and reinforcing their baby's curiosity and verbal interactions are examples of providing environmental stimuli and support, which align with the concept of nurture as a major contributor to their child's development.

Question 5

The study of age-related changes in behavior and mental processes from conception through death is called ________.
A)thanatology
B)neuropsychology
C)developmental psychology
D)longitudinal psychology

Accepted Answer

Developmental psychology is the branch of psychology that studies the changes in human behavior and thought processes from conception through death.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a limitation of longitudinal studies?
A)Time and money
B)"Generalizability"
C)Self-selected sample bias
D)Cohort effects

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is NOT a...

Question 7

________ studies are the quickest and least expensive method, whereas ________ studies provide the most in-depth information per participant.
A)Correlational; experimental
B)Fast-track; follow-up
C)Cross-sectional; longitudinal
D)Cohort-sequential; cohort-intensive

Accepted Answer

Cross-sectional studies are quicker and less expensive because they analyze data from a population at a specific point in time. Longitudinal studies, on the other hand, provide more in-depth information per participant because they follow the same group of individuals over a period of time, allowing for the observation of changes and developments.

Question 8

________ research studies several groups of individuals at various ages at one point in time, and provides information regarding ________.
A)Longitudinal; age differences
B)Cross-sectional; age differences
C)Longitudinal; age changes
D)Cross-sectional; age changes

Accepted Answer

Cross-sectional research studies different groups of individuals at various ages at one point in time, primarily to observe age differences rather than how individuals change or develop over time.

Question 9

________ is the process by which attachments are formed during critical periods early in life.
A)Separation anxiety
B)Imprinting
C)Love
D)Bonding

Accepted Answer

Imprinting is the process through which attachments are formed during critical periods early in life, particularly observed in some animals and suggesting a similar process in human attachment.

Question 10

Dr.Johan tends to believe in the ________ model of development, which says that development results from gradual, incremental changes.Dr.Ziback tends to believe in the ________ model, which says that development results from discrete, qualitative changes.
A)nurturing; natural
B)uniform; stop-start
C)continuity; stage
D)stability; change

Accepted Answer

The continuity model of development suggests that development is a gradual, incremental process, while the stage model posits that development occurs through distinct, qualitative changes.

Question 11

If you believe that your personality is developed early and that childhood traits can be used to predict one's adult personality, then you believe in ________.
A)continuity
B)staging
C)stability
D)maturation

Accepted Answer

The belief that personality traits developed in childhood can be used to predict one's adult personality aligns with the concept of stability. This perspective suggests that individual differences in personality are consistent over time and across situations.

Question 12

The results of a cross-sectional marketing study to determine how age affects people's beliefs about family purchases and financial planning were criticized on the ground that the data was influenced by cohort effects.This means that ________.
A)some of the subjects belonged to ethnic minorities
B)the subjects were self-selected by their friends and neighbors
C)one group of subjects may all have lived through a similar financial event, such as the Great Depression
D)only 63% of the questionnaires were returned

Accepted Answer

Cohort effects refer to the influence that being part of a group of people who have experienced a common event (such as the Great Depression) has on the results of a study. This can affect how different age groups perceive and respond to questions about family purchases and financial planning.

Question 13

If a psychologist wanted to compare a group of 6-year-old children to a group of 10-year-old children at the same time on recognition memory performance, the psychologist would use the ________ method of data collection.
A)cross-sectional
B)naturalistic observation
C)longitudinal
D)cohort

Accepted Answer

The cross-sectional method involves comparing different groups of people at one point in time. In this case, comparing 6-year-old children to 10-year-old children on recognition memory performance at the same time fits the definition of a cross-sectional study.

Question 14

________ effects that are difficult to separate are a major problem found in cross-sectional research.
A)Subjective
B)Cohort
C)Objective
D)Longitudinal

Accepted Answer

Cohort effects refer to the influence that being a part of a group of people born around the same time can have on the results of cross-sectional research. These effects can complicate the interpretation of differences observed between age groups because they may be due to generational differences rather than age differences.

Question 15

If you want your research into developmental topics to provide the most in-depth information, you'd be well-advised to use the ________ approach.
A)experimental
B)quasi-experimental
C)longitudinal
D)cross-sectional

Accepted Answer

The longitudinal approach is best for in-depth developmental research because it studies the same subjects over a long period, allowing for observation of changes and developments over time.

Question 16

The idea that development is governed by automatic, genetically predetermined signals is called ________.
A)elaboration
B)natural selection
C)maturation
D)tabula rasa

Accepted Answer

Maturation refers to the process by which development is governed by a biological or genetic timetable, implying that certain behaviors or physical characteristics emerge automatically as a child grows. This concept suggests that development is largely predetermined by genetic factors.

Question 17

If a psychologist was interested in studying the stability of IQ scores over time, she should use the ________ method of data collection by following the same group of participants over an extended duration.
A)test-retest
B)longitudinal
C)case history
D)cross-sectional

Accepted Answer

The longitudinal method involves following the same group of participants over an extended period, making it suitable for studying changes or stability in traits such as IQ scores over time.

Question 18

Differences in age groups that reflect factors unique to a specific age group, rather than being due to developmental changes, are called ________ effects.
A)generational
B)social environmental
C)operational
D)cohort

Accepted Answer

Cohort effects refer to differences among individuals as a consequence of the era when they were born, reflecting the societal and environmental conditions unique to that time period, rather than developmental stages or age-specific changes.

Question 19

According to the textbook, the developmental period called middle adulthood includes which ages?
A)20 to 45
B)30 to 65
C)45 to 60
D)50 to 70

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the textbook, the developmental period...

Question 20

A ________ period is a specific time during which an organism must experience certain stimuli in order to develop properly in the future.
A)sensitive
B)critical
C)specificity
D)maturational

Accepted Answer

A critical period is a specific phase in the development of an organism during which it is particularly sensitive to certain stimuli that are necessary for its proper development in the future. Failure to receive these stimuli can lead to irreversible consequences.

Quiz 9: Life Span Development I

Today, most psychologists take ________ approach to human development.

The method of developmental data collection follows one person (or a single group of people) over time, and provides information about .

Developmental psychology ________.

The study of age-related changes in behavior and mental processes from conception through death is called ________.

Which of the following is NOT a limitation of longitudinal studies?

studies are the quickest and least expensive method, whereas studies provide the most in-depth information per participant.

research studies several groups of individuals at various ages at one point in time, and provides information regarding .

________ is the process by which attachments are formed during critical periods early in life.

Dr.Johan tends to believe in the model of development, which says that development results from gradual, incremental changes.Dr.Ziback tends to believe in the model, which says that development results from discrete, qualitative changes.

If you believe that your personality is developed early and that childhood traits can be used to predict one's adult personality, then you believe in ________.

The results of a cross-sectional marketing study to determine how age affects people's beliefs about family purchases and financial planning were criticized on the ground that the data was influenced by cohort effects.This means that ________.

If a psychologist wanted to compare a group of 6-year-old children to a group of 10-year-old children at the same time on recognition memory performance, the psychologist would use the ________ method of data collection.

________ effects that are difficult to separate are a major problem found in cross-sectional research.

If you want your research into developmental topics to provide the most in-depth information, you'd be well-advised to use the ________ approach.

The idea that development is governed by automatic, genetically predetermined signals is called ________.

If a psychologist was interested in studying the stability of IQ scores over time, she should use the ________ method of data collection by following the same group of participants over an extended duration.

Differences in age groups that reflect factors unique to a specific age group, rather than being due to developmental changes, are called ________ effects.

According to the textbook, the developmental period called middle adulthood includes which ages?

A ________ period is a specific time during which an organism must experience certain stimuli in order to develop properly in the future.