Question 1

What is the only blood component that provides high concentrations of vWF?

Accepted Answer

Cryoprecipitated AHF is rich in von Willebrand factor (vWF) and is used to treat bleeding disorders related to vWF deficiency.

Question 2

Antithrombin III concentrates are used in the treatment of:

Accepted Answer

Antithrombin III concentrates are primarily used to treat hereditary antithrombin III deficiency, which can lead to venous thrombosis.

Question 3

How is cryoprecipitated AHF used with prosthetic vascular grafts?

Accepted Answer

Cryoprecipitated AHF contains fibrinogen, and when activated by bovine thrombin, it forms a fibrin clot that acts as a glue to seal gaps in prosthetic vascular grafts.

Question 4

A patient with paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria (PCH) would requirein the event of a blood transfusion.

Accepted Answer

A blood warmer is used to prevent hemolysis in patients with PCH, as cold temperatures can trigger hemolysis in these individuals.

Question 5

What disease state may require exogenous fibrinogen replacement?

Accepted Answer

All of the listed conditions can lead to low fibrinogen levels, necessitating exogenous fibrinogen replacement.

Question 6

Neonatal exchange transfusion is performed using which blood preservative?

Accepted Answer

Neonatal exchange transfusion is performed using either CPD or CPDA-1 as blood preservatives.

Question 7

What is the most efficient way to remove leukocytes from red blood cell units?

Accepted Answer

Leukoreduction filters are specifically designed to remove leukocytes from red blood cell units efficiently and are widely used for this purpose.

Question 8

All of the following are characteristics of protein C except:

Accepted Answer

Protein C is an anticoagulant that inactivates factors V and VIII, not enhances them.

Question 9

Each cryoprecipitate unit contains at least how much factor VIII?

Accepted Answer

Each cryoprecipitate unit contains at least 80 units of factor VIII, which is used to treat hemophilia A and other bleeding disorders.

Question 10

A patient with hypofibrinogenemia is receiving cryoprecipitate on an outpatient basis. His plasma volume is 4,000 mL, and his physician wants to increase factor I from 40 mg/dL to 120 mg/dL. How many bags of cryoprecipitate are needed?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient with hypofibrinogenemia is receiving cryoprecipitate...

Question 11

Cryoprecipitate is not used to treat which condition?

Accepted Answer

Cryoprecipitate is not used to treat Hemophilia B because it does not contain Factor IX, which is deficient in Hemophilia B. It is used to treat conditions that require fibrinogen, Factor VIII, or von Willebrand factor.

Question 12

A 160-pound man was transfused with 1 unit of whole blood after being rescued from a burning apartment building. His hematocrit was determined to be 27% before transfusion. What would you expect his hematocrit to be in 48 hours?

Accepted Answer

A single unit of whole blood typically raises hematocrit by about 3-4%. Since his initial hematocrit was 27%, it would be expected to rise to around 30% after the transfusion.

Question 13

How can GVHD be prevented in transplant recipients?

Accepted Answer

Irradiation of cellular components is used to prevent GVHD by inactivating donor lymphocytes that could attack the recipient's tissues.

Question 14

Which blood product is used in the treatment of DIC?

Accepted Answer

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) is a complex condition that may require multiple blood products to manage bleeding and clotting issues, including plasma for clotting factors, platelets for thrombocytopenia, and cryoprecipitate for fibrinogen replacement.

Question 15

Which of the following criteria warrants a granulocyte concentrate transfusion?

Accepted Answer

A granulocyte concentrate transfusion is typically considered for patients with severe neutropenia (low neutrophil count) who are unresponsive to antibiotics, such as in the case of a septic patient.

Question 16

Which intravenous solution is not recommended for dilution of blood components because of red blood cell damage?

Accepted Answer

Dextrose solutions can cause hemolysis or damage to red blood cells, making them unsuitable for diluting blood components.

Question 17

Cryoprecipitate AHF contains how much fibrinogen?

Accepted Answer

Cryoprecipitate AHF typically contains 150 to 250 mg of fibrinogen per unit.

Question 18

All blood components should be transfused within what time period to avoid bacterial contamination issues?

Accepted Answer

Blood components should be transfused within 4 hours to minimize the risk of bacterial contamination and ensure patient safety.

Question 19

Why is thrombocytopenia a manifestation of a massive transfusion?

Accepted Answer

Massive transfusion can lead to thrombocytopenia because the platelets are diluted by the large volumes of resuscitation fluids and stored blood, which typically do not contain platelets.

Question 20

Which of the following represents the final clerical check of a transfusion?

Accepted Answer

The final clerical check of a transfusion involves the nurse using the patient's armband to ensure the patient's identity matches the crossmatch report and the tags on the blood unit, ensuring the correct blood is given to the correct patient.

Quiz 16: Transfusion Therapy