Question 1

The LPN/LVN filling out the Jewish patient's dietary menu for lunch would avoid ordering:

Accepted Answer

Common food practices in Judaism include not eating meat and milk at the same meal.

Question 2

A nurse takes into consideration that the usual diet of Asian Americans has a potential for altering health because the diet is high in:

Accepted Answer

The Asian diet is high in sodium and fat.

Question 3

The nurse points out to the newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patient that complex carbohydrates:

Accepted Answer

Complex carbohydrates (pasta, cereal, rice) provide a more consistent blood sugar level that simple sugars.

Question 4

The patient states that he uses a large amount of table sugar (sucrose) in his foods because it gives him quick energy. The nurse explains that sucrose will:

Accepted Answer

Table sugar is high in sucrose, which is quickly absorbed into the bloodstream and can cause rapid rises and falls in blood glucose, which leads to hunger and an energy lag.

Question 5

The nurse reminds the patient that the salivary glands excrete saliva, which initiates the digestion of:

Accepted Answer

Saliva initiates the digestion of starches.

Question 6

On assessment, the nurse finds that the female patient has a BMI of 26, a waist of 37 inches, pale conjunctiva, and a large muscle mass. The indicator of this patient being overweight is:

Accepted Answer

A waist measurement in women of over 35 is an indicator of greater risk for overweight and disease.

Question 7

The nurse is delivering a meal tray to a patient in a skilled nursing facility who is a Muslim. The nurse should confirm the meal is free of:

Accepted Answer

People of the Muslim faith are prohibited from eating pork.

Question 8

The nurse evaluates the patient's understanding of the fiber content of grains and cereals when the patient selects:

Accepted Answer

Shredded wheat and a banana contain a total of 6 g of fiber per serving, whereas wheat toast with an apple contain a total of 4 g, white bread with a banana contain a total of 3 g, and a biscuit with a grapefruit contain a total of 4 g.

Question 9

The mother of a 4-month-old infant asks what type of cereal is most appropriate to feed the infant as a first solid food. The best response from the nurse is to suggest:

Accepted Answer

A cereal such as rice is the best initial choice, because it is easily tolerated, provides additional calories and iron, and is least likely to be allergenic.

Question 10

The nurse is aware that vitamin B₁₂ is absorbed in the:

Accepted Answer

Vitamin B₁₂, an aid in hemoglobin syntheses, is absorbed in the stomach through the action of the intrinsic factor, which is secreted from the stomach wall.

Question 11

The nurse in a long-term care facility understands that the 86-year-old resident's frequent complaints about "heartburn" are most likely due to the age-related decreased:

Accepted Answer

The age-related loss of muscle tone in the sphincters increases the incidence of heartburn and esophageal reflux.

Question 12

A patient weighing 132 pounds has been recommended to increase daily protein intake. The nurse assists the patient to make dietary selections of protein after calculating that the daily protein requirement for this patient is _____

Accepted Answer

The protein requirement for the day is equal to the number of kilograms of weight (convert lb to kg) multiplied by 0.8 (i.e., 132/2.2 = 48).

Question 13

The nursing action that is most beneficial toward creating an atmosphere conducive to eating for a hospitalized patient immobilized in bed is:

Accepted Answer

Remove distracting articles such as the urinal and emesis basin.

Question 14

A mother is concerned that her toddler is not eating enough at mealtimes. The most informative suggestion by the nurse would be to:

Accepted Answer

Toddlers prefer single-item foods in small quantities that do not touch each other on a colorful plate. Milk intake should decrease during the toddler years as solid food takes the place of milk.

Question 15

The nurse consults with a patient who is a vegan and stresses that this diet puts the patient at risk for:

Accepted Answer

In the vegan diet, all animal food sources are excluded, placing a patient who eats this diet most at risk for deficient intake of protein leading to an iron deficiency.

Question 16

When a patient asks how is a good way to increase fiber in the diet, the nurse's best response would be:

Accepted Answer

Eating the skins of fruits is a good source of fiber. Fiber concentrates do not contain needed vitamins and minerals.

Question 17

A patient refuses to eat all types of meat, which has led to a protein deficiency. The nurse recognizes that the only plant source that contains all nine essential amino acids is:

Accepted Answer

Soybeans are the only plant source that provides all nine essential amino acids.

Question 18

The nurse emphasizes the dietary recommendations made by the American Heart Association is to limit cholesterol intake to _____ mg/day.

Accepted Answer

The American Heart Association recommends an intake of cholesterol to 300 mg/day or less.

Question 19

A patient has been placed on a reduced-cholesterol diet to help control heart disease. The serving that would be most appropriate for the patient to select for supper is:

Accepted Answer

The tuna canned in water contains only 2 g of fat, whereas the highest fat grams are found in the pork chop (19 g) followed by the chicken breast with skin (18 g).

Question 20

The nurse would be sure the diet of a patient in an extended care facility who has a large pressure ulcer on his sacrum would include foods rich in vitamin:

Accepted Answer

Vitamin C helps protect the body against infections and promotes wound healing.

Quiz 26: Concepts of Basic Nutrition and Cultural Considerations