Question 1

Paul sets a goal of completing the design for a new display box for a major customer by the end of the week. In general, he motivates himself to achieve goals by using self-reinforcement. In this case, Paul practices self-reinforcement by

Accepted Answer

Self-reinforcement involves rewarding oneself after achieving a goal. In this case, Paul plans to reward himself by playing golf if he completes the project on time.

Question 2

A manager removes a positive reinforcement in order to change the behavior of a subordinate. This is called

Accepted Answer

Extinction involves removing a positive reinforcement to decrease the likelihood of a behavior being repeated.

Question 3

Sosuke requested feedback from Clement, his manager, on his performance. Clement is delighted by Sosuke's attitude. As a result, Clement rated Sosuke high on the need for

Accepted Answer

Sosuke's proactive request for feedback indicates a strong desire to improve and succeed, which aligns with a high need for achievement.

Question 4

Because he has a high need for power, Gunnar would most likely decide to

Accepted Answer

A person with a high need for power is often motivated to influence or control others, and persuading a governor to pass laws that benefit his company aligns with this need.

Question 5

According to goal-setting theory, to stimulate high motivation and performance, goals must be

Accepted Answer

According to goal-setting theory, specific and difficult goals lead to higher performance as they provide clear direction and challenge individuals, motivating them to put in more effort and persist in their tasks.

Question 6

Donnie changed his behavior from a dysfunctional to a functional one, and his manager then removed an undesired outcome. This is known as

Accepted Answer

Negative reinforcement involves the removal of an undesired outcome or stimulus to increase the likelihood of a desired behavior being repeated. In this case, Donnie's manager removed an undesired outcome after Donnie changed his behavior to a functional one.

Question 7

Liam, a manager, strongly believes that rewarding an employee can cause motivation. Also, he believes that the employee's thoughts and beliefs about the work and the organization influence the employee's learning and motivation. Which learning theory supports Liam's understanding of motivation?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Liam, a manager, strongly believes that rewarding...

Question 8

Mira performs a dysfunctional behavior, and her manager administers an undesired consequence. This is known as

Accepted Answer

Punishment is the administration of an undesired consequence to decrease the likelihood of a behavior.

Question 9

An employee controls his or her own behavior without the need for outside control of that behavior by a manager. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

Self-reinforcement is when an individual regulates their own behavior by rewarding themselves for reaching certain standards or goals, without external control.

Question 10

To administer the punishment of an employee effectively, Tsitsi would most likely

Accepted Answer

Taking Chuy aside to a private area and explaining the reason for the punishment is effective because it maintains privacy, provides clarity, and focuses on the behavior rather than personal attributes.

Question 11

Establishing and maintaining good interpersonal relations and being liked are characteristics of individuals who can be rated high on the need for

Accepted Answer

Individuals with a high need for affiliation prioritize establishing and maintaining good interpersonal relations and being liked by others.

Question 12

A relatively permanent change in a person's knowledge or behavior that results from practice or experience is known as

Accepted Answer

Learning is defined as a relatively permanent change in behavior or knowledge due to practice or experience.

Question 13

Observational learning is also known as

Accepted Answer

Observational learning is also known as vicarious learning, where individuals learn by observing the behaviors of others and the consequences of those behaviors.

Question 14

Eduardo, a production manager at a growing company, has mastered the processes and procedures of overall management of the ongoing production operations by walking around and watching other managers as they work. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

Eduardo is learning by observing other managers, which is an example of vicarious learning, where individuals learn by watching others.

Question 15

Specific, difficult goals may be detrimental for

Accepted Answer

Specific, difficult goals can hinder performance in creative and uncertain work because such tasks require flexibility and adaptability, which rigid goals may restrict.

Question 16

Anything that an employee can give to himself or herself as a reward for "good" performance on the job is known as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A self-reinforcer is a reward that an individual gives to themselves for achieving a certain level of performance or completing a task.

Question 17

It is especially important that upper-level managers have a need for

Accepted Answer

Upper-level managers need power to influence and lead others effectively, making it crucial for their role.

Question 18

How employees learn to perform behaviors that lead to desired consequences and avoid behaviors that lead to undesired consequences is described in ________ theory.

Accepted Answer

Operant conditioning theory explains how behaviors are learned based on the consequences they produce, reinforcing desired behaviors and discouraging undesired ones.

Question 19

Amau was often late to work, despite his manager, Ebba, warning him against it several times. As a last resort, Ebba reduced Amau's salary in proportion to the hours he missed at work by being late. It turned out to be the right thing to do, as Amau was never late to work after the incident. This scenario is explained by

Accepted Answer

Negative reinforcement involves removing an unpleasant consequence (salary reduction) to increase a desired behavior (being on time).

Question 20

Maria, a middle manager, enjoys talking over work situations with Daniel, her subordinate, who is a first-line supervisor. However, she notices that Daniel frequently brings problems to her that he expects her to solve, rather than solving them himself. Since Daniel has been a supervisor for a significant length of time, he should be more independent in his actions. Based on what you know about operant conditioning theory, what should Maria do?

Accepted Answer

By making her responses brief and showing less interest, Maria can discourage Daniel's dependency on her for solutions, encouraging him to solve problems independently.

Quiz 9: Motivation