Question 1

When drugs are crafted for specific purposes, they are designated as

Accepted Answer

Designer or club drugs are specifically crafted for particular effects or purposes, often used recreationally in social settings.

Question 2

In a typical 12-month period, which illegal drug is most likely to be used for the first time?

Accepted Answer

Marijuana is the most commonly used illegal drug, and it is often the first illegal drug that people try.

Question 3

Stimuli associated with drug use, such as friends, favorite hangouts, and other things that stimulate further drug use, are called

Accepted Answer

Drug cues are stimuli that are associated with drug use and can trigger cravings or the desire to use the drug again.

Question 4

Substance-related disorders are comorbid with other mental disorders, especially

Accepted Answer

The answer of Substance-related disorders are comorbid with other mental...

Question 5

The primary brain area associated with substance-related disorders is the

Accepted Answer

The mesolimbic pathway, also known as the reward pathway, is primarily associated with the brain's response to addictive substances, as it plays a key role in the release of dopamine, which reinforces rewarding behaviors.

Question 6

The D2 receptor dysfunction with resulting inability to enjoy everyday rewards is called

Accepted Answer

Reward deficiency syndrome is associated with D2 receptor dysfunction, leading to an inability to enjoy everyday rewards.

Question 7

Martin has excessively used alcohol for many years. His brain size is likely to be

Accepted Answer

Chronic alcohol abuse can lead to brain shrinkage, particularly affecting areas like the frontal lobe, resulting in a smaller than normal brain size.

Question 8

According to your textbook, which brain feature is most closely involved in the priming, drug cues, craving, and stress that all contribute to substance-related disorders?

Accepted Answer

The mesolimbic system is a key component of the brain's reward pathway and is heavily involved in the processes of priming, drug cues, craving, and stress, all of which are critical in the development and maintenance of substance-related disorders.

Question 9

THC is found in

Accepted Answer

THC is the active ingredient in cannabis sativa, which is a plant that has been used for centuries for its psychoactive effects.

Question 10

Illegally used prescription medications tend to be the drugs of choice with increased age, while ____ tend to be the illegal drugs of choice for teenagers.

Accepted Answer

Inhalants and marijuana are commonly used by teenagers as they are more accessible and often perceived as less harmful compared to other illegal drugs.

Question 11

Areta has been date raped, a crime that was facilitated by drugging her. Which drug would her rapist have been most likely to use?

Accepted Answer

Ketamine is known to be used as a date rape drug due to its sedative and dissociative effects, which can incapacitate a victim and impair memory.

Question 12

Jed was in a residential treatment program for substance-related disorders that was one of the few programs that also addresses stigma among this population. What would likely be the program's focus for reducing stigma?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Jed was in a residential treatment program...

Question 13

When people have a glass of wine to relax, smoke a cigarette to unwind, or snort a line of cocaine to enhance mood, it clearly indicates how ____ can trigger substance use.

Accepted Answer

Stress can trigger substance use because it can lead to feelings of anxiety, depression, and boredom, which people may try to alleviate by using substances.

Question 14

Dopamine release acts as a powerful

Accepted Answer

Dopamine release is associated with feelings of pleasure and reward, making it a powerful reinforcer.

Question 15

Genetics may influence the development of alcoholism, since the offspring of alcoholics may have a(n) ____ level of response to alcohol, which, in turn, increases the likelihood of alcoholism.

Accepted Answer

A low level of response to alcohol means that individuals may need to consume more alcohol to achieve the same effects as others, increasing the risk of developing alcoholism.

Question 16

The highest 12-month and lifetime prevalence rates of the major substance-related disorders are associated with

Accepted Answer

Alcohol use has the highest 12-month and lifetime prevalence rates among major substance-related disorders, as it is more widely consumed and socially accepted compared to other substances like cocaine, heroin, and cannabis.

Question 17

Genetics plays a role in substance use disorders and has been particularly implicated with ____ dependence, which has a heritability estimate of 0.49.

Accepted Answer

Alcohol dependence has a significant genetic component, with a heritability estimate of 0.49, indicating that genetics plays a substantial role in the risk of developing alcohol use disorders.

Question 18

In ____, a single drug dose, such as a drink of alcohol or a snorted line of cocaine, leads to an uncontrollable binge.

Accepted Answer

Priming refers to the phenomenon where a small dose of a substance can trigger an intense desire to consume more, leading to a binge.

Question 19

Andy has taken a drug that has produced powerful distortions in his perceptions. He has reported tasting certain colors and smelling certain sounds. Andy has likely taken a(n)

Accepted Answer

Hallucinogens are known to cause perceptual distortions, such as synesthesia, where one might taste colors or smell sounds.

Question 20

Individuals with substance substance-related disorders report stigma, including believing that others

Accepted Answer

Individuals with substance-related disorders often experience stigma, which can manifest in various ways, including being treated unfairly, others being afraid of them, and people giving up on them.

Quiz 9: Substance Related Disorders