Question 1

The Zeigarnik effect is the predominant type of communications established by the group leader.

Accepted Answer

The Zeigarnik effect refers to the psychological phenomenon where people remember uncompleted or interrupted tasks better than completed ones, not a type of communication.

Question 2

Level of aspiration is the degree of difficulty of the goal toward which a person is striving.

Accepted Answer

Level of aspiration refers to the standard or goal that an individual sets for themselves, which reflects the degree of difficulty they are willing to strive for in their achievements.

Question 3

According to Lewin, this is the tem standing for the totality of an individual's views of his psychological future and past:

Accepted Answer

Time perspective refers to the totality of an individual's views of their psychological future and past, as described by Kurt Lewin.

Question 4

In Nazi Germany, authors of non-Aryan origin were banned and their books burned.

Accepted Answer

The Nazi regime implemented policies that targeted non-Aryan authors, leading to the banning and burning of their books as part of their broader campaign against what they considered "un-German" ideas.

Question 5

This term stands for a therapeutic method, the initial assumptions of which were based on the holistic principles of Gestalt psychology:

Accepted Answer

Gestalt therapy is a therapeutic method developed from the principles of Gestalt psychology, focusing on holistic approaches to understanding human experience and behavior.

Question 6

What is the term for a figure such as the Rubin vase that can you can see either as a white vase on a black background, or black profiles of two human faces on a white background?

Accepted Answer

A reversible figure is an image that can be perceived in two different ways, such as the Rubin vase, which can be seen as either a vase or two faces.

Question 7

This term stands for several general principles of Gestalt theory, referring to perceptual functioning:

Accepted Answer

Gestalt laws refer to principles of perceptual organization in Gestalt psychology, explaining how humans naturally perceive objects as organized patterns and structures.

Question 8

Identify the term standing for the observable fact of pure motion when two images are projected in succession. (This is also a perceptual illusion in which two stationary but alternately flashing lights appear to be a single light moving from one location to another).

Accepted Answer

The Phi-phenomenon is the perceptual illusion where two stationary lights flashing in succession appear as a single moving light, demonstrating pure motion perception.

Question 9

In 1913, right before the war, Köhler was sent to conduct research on animal cognition in Tenerife (the largest of the Canary Islands off the northwestern coast of Africa).

Accepted Answer

Wolfgang Köhler, a German psychologist, was sent to Tenerife in 1913 to study problem-solving in chimpanzees, which contributed to the development of Gestalt psychology.

Question 10

Unfinished actions is the term to describe unfinished behavior that is remembered better than accomplished actions. The term is also known as the

Accepted Answer

The Zeigarnik effect is the psychological phenomenon that describes how people remember unfinished or interrupted tasks better than completed ones.

Question 11

In Gestalt psychology, this term stands for the ability of seeing into a situation, understanding its "inner" nature. This is also a sudden, intuitive perception or grasping of useful relations in a given situation. What is it?

Accepted Answer

Insight in Gestalt psychology refers to the sudden and intuitive understanding or perception of the relationships within a situation, capturing its "inner" nature.

Question 12

Gestalt has several meanings including "value" "price," "tag," or "label."

Accepted Answer

Gestalt is a German word meaning "shape" or "form" and is used in psychology to describe a concept where the whole is perceived as more than the sum of its parts. It does not mean "value," "price," "tag," or "label."

Question 13

In Lewin's system, this is a finitely structured space; its parts are composed of certain regions; direction and distance within this space are defined as paths. What is its name?

Accepted Answer

Hodological space is a concept in Kurt Lewin's field theory, referring to a structured space where paths, direction, and distance are defined, relating to psychological and behavioral processes.

Question 14

After the end of the civil war in Spain in the late 1930s, the regime of General Franco imposed a theological, scholastic framework on Spanish psychology. It was imperative that psychologists remain true Catholics and fight against inappropriate tendencies in life.

Accepted Answer

General Franco's regime in Spain promoted a conservative, Catholic ideology, influencing various fields, including psychology, to align with religious and traditional values.

Question 15

What is the term for the correlated phenomena that people experience and the underlying processes in the brain?

Accepted Answer

Isomorphism refers to the correspondence between the phenomena people experience and the underlying processes in the brain, suggesting a structural similarity or mapping between the two.

Question 16

Kurt Lewin's research career was transformed in 1933 when he had to return back to Germany.

Accepted Answer

Kurt Lewin's research career was transformed in 1933 when he fled Germany due to the rise of the Nazi regime and moved to the United States, not by returning to Germany.

Question 17

A method introduced by Kurt Lewin to look at the factors or forces influencing an individual's behavior in a particular situation. Every act can be viewed as an interplay of forces. What was the name of this method?

Accepted Answer

Force field analysis is a method developed by Kurt Lewin to analyze the forces that influence a situation, identifying driving and restraining forces affecting behavior.

Question 18

According to field theory, an individual behavior depends on the characteristics of the present field at a particular moment.

Accepted Answer

Field theory, developed by Kurt Lewin, posits that behavior is a function of the individual and their environment, emphasizing the importance of the current situation or "field" in influencing behavior.

Question 19

Transposition is the ability to forget unpleasant memories.

Accepted Answer

Transposition refers to changing the order or arrangement of something, not forgetting memories.

Question 20

Topology is the complex study of the individual mistakes and setbacks.

Accepted Answer

Topology is a branch of mathematics concerned with the properties of space that are preserved under continuous transformations, not related to individual mistakes and setbacks.

Quiz 9: The Paths of Gestalt Psychology