Question 1

Embryophytes are characterized by having:
A)few mitotic divisions between fertilization and meiosis.
B)a multicellular embryo that has stomata.
C)a multicellular, matrotrophic embryo.
D)a dominant gametophyte generation.
E)vascular tissues.

Accepted Answer

Embryophytes, also known as land plants, are characterized by having a multicellular, matrotrophic embryo, which means the embryo is nourished by the parent plant. This is a key feature distinguishing them from other plant groups.

Question 2

Which of the following statements about bryophytes is FALSE?
A)They lack xylem and phloem.
B)The cell walls of their water-conducting cells are lignified.
C)They exhibit alternating heteromorphic generations.
D)The sporophyte is usually nutritionally dependent on the gametophyte.
E)The gametophyte is usually larger than the sporophyte.

Accepted Answer

Bryophytes do not have lignified water-conducting cells; their water-conducting cells lack lignin, which is a characteristic of vascular plants.

Question 3

In bryophytes, rhizoids usually:
A)absorb ions.
B)absorb water.
C)attach to the substrate
D)are unicellular.
E)are true roots.

Accepted Answer

Rhizoids in bryophytes primarily function to attach the plant to the substrate, rather than absorbing water or nutrients like true roots.

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic shared by bryophytes and vascular plants?
A)multicellular sporangia
B)sporopollenin in spore walls
C)tissues produced by an apical meristem
D)retention of the embryo within an antheridium
E)antheridia and archegonia with sterile jacket layers

Accepted Answer

Bryophytes and vascular plants both have multicellular sporangia, sporopollenin in spore walls, tissues produced by an apical meristem, and antheridia and archegonia with sterile jacket layers. However, the retention of the embryo within an antheridium is not a characteristic shared by both; instead, bryophytes retain the embryo within the archegonium.

Question 5

Bryophytes share all of the following features with charophytes except:
A)the presence of archegonia.
B)chloroplasts with well-developed grana.
C)flagella that extend from the sides of the cell.
D)a nuclear envelope that breaks down during mitosis.
E)persistent spindles or phragmoplasts.

Accepted Answer

Bryophytes have archegonia, which are female reproductive structures, while charophytes do not.

Question 6

Which of the following statements about bryophytes is FALSE?
A)They may be "thalloid" or "leafy."
B)Some species contain strands with conducting functions.
C)They do not have true stems and leaves.
D)They have rhizoids that absorb water and nutrients.
E)Some species have plasmodesmata with a desmotubule.

Accepted Answer

Bryophytes have rhizoids, but these structures primarily anchor the plant and do not absorb water and nutrients like roots do in vascular plants.

Question 7

At maturity, the sporophyte of most bryophytes consists of the:
A)foot and seta only.
B)seta and capsule only.
C)capsule and calyptra only.
D)foot, seta, and capsule.
E)seta, capsule, and calyptra.

Accepted Answer

The mature sporophyte of most bryophytes consists of the foot, seta, and capsule. The foot anchors the sporophyte to the gametophyte, the seta is the stalk, and the capsule is where spores are produced.

Question 8

In bryophytes, fertilization takes places in the:
A)open water.
B)capsule.
C)seta.
D)antheridium.
E)archegonium.

Accepted Answer

In bryophytes, fertilization occurs in the archegonium, which is the female reproductive organ where the egg is located.

Question 9

The ________ is located between the sporophyte and gametophyte generations.
A)seta
B)capsule
C)calyptra
D)venter
E)placenta

Accepted Answer

The placenta is the tissue that facilitates the transfer of nutrients from the sporophyte to the gametophyte, acting as an interface between the two generations.

Question 10

The base of the bryophyte archegonium, called the ______, contains ______.
A)placenta; a single egg
B)capsule; spermatogenous cells
C)calyptra; several eggs
D)venter; a single egg
E)seta; spermatogenous cells

Accepted Answer

The base of the bryophyte archegonium is called the venter, and it contains a single egg.

Question 11

The ______ is embedded in the archegonium.
A)foot
B)seta
C)capsule
D)neck canal
E)sporangium

Accepted Answer

The foot is the part of the sporophyte that is embedded in the archegonium, anchoring it to the gametophyte and facilitating nutrient transfer.

Question 12

Matrotrophy refers to the:
A)attraction of sperm by the egg.
B)nourishment of the zygote by the archegonium.
C)transport of sugars through the placenta.
D)division of the zygote within the venter.
E)movement of sugars through plasmodesmata.

Accepted Answer

Matrotrophy is the process where the zygote is nourished by the parent plant, specifically through the archegonium in plants like bryophytes.

Question 13

When the cells of the ________ disintegrate, they form a tube through which sperm move to the egg.
A)neck canal
B)capsule
C)calyptra
D)venter
E)placenta

Accepted Answer

The neck canal cells disintegrate to form a passage for sperm to reach the egg in plants like mosses and ferns.

Question 14

Bryophytes are a group of organisms at the transition between:
A)brown algae and algae.
B)fungi and plants.
C)green algae and vascular plants.
D)nonvascular and vascular plants.
E)aquatic and terrestrial plants.

Accepted Answer

Bryophytes are non-vascular plants that are considered to be at the transition between green algae and vascular plants, as they share characteristics with both groups.

Question 15

Which of the following statements about sexual reproduction in bryophytes is FALSE?
A)Sperm are the only flagellated cells produced by bryophytes.
B)The zygote is matrotrophic.
C)Sex is governed by the distribution of sex chromosomes.
D)In the antheridium, the spermatogenous cells are "sterile."
E)Chemicals released from the archegonium attract sperm.

Accepted Answer

In bryophytes, spermatogenous cells in the antheridium are not "sterile"; they develop into sperm cells.

Question 16

Which of the following statements concerning the transport of nutrients from the gametophyte to the embryo is FALSE?
A)Transport is apoplastic.
B)Transport is facilitated by the placenta.
C)Transport occurs via plasmodesmata.
D)The archegonium provides sugars to the embryo.
E)The archegonium provides amino acids to the embryo.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements concerning the...

Question 17

Which of the following statements about stomata is FALSE? A)Each stoma is bordered by two guard cells. B)They aid in the uptake of CO₂. C)They generate a flow of water between sporophyte and gametophyte. D)They occur in all bryophytes. E)They are sites of loss of water vapor.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements about stomata...

Question 18

The evolutionary relatedness between green algae and bryophytes is indicated by the observation that green algae contain ______ plastid(s) per cell and the reproductive cells of many bryophytes contain ______ plastid(s) per cell.
A)1; 1
B)2; 2
C)1; 2
D)2; 1
E)3; 3

Accepted Answer

Both green algae and bryophytes typically have one plastid per cell, indicating their evolutionary relatedness.

Question 19

Which of the following statements concerning the bryophytes is FALSE?
A)Some can grow in Antarctica.
B)Some can grow above timberline.
C)Some can grow in deserts.
D)Some can grow in freshwater.
E)Some can grow in high-salinity salt water.

Accepted Answer

Bryophytes, such as mosses, are not typically found in high-salinity salt water environments because they lack the adaptations necessary to cope with high salt concentrations.

Question 20

A major difference between the spore walls of bryophytes and charophytes is that the bryophyte spore walls contain:
A)lignin.
B)sporopollenin.
C)cellulose.
D)phenolic materials.
E)stomata.

Accepted Answer

Bryophyte spore walls contain sporopollenin, a durable polymer that protects spores from desiccation and environmental damage, whereas charophytes do not have this feature.

Quiz 16: Bryophytes

Embryophytes are characterized by having:

Which of the following statements about bryophytes is FALSE?

In bryophytes, rhizoids usually:

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic shared by bryophytes and vascular plants?

Bryophytes share all of the following features with charophytes except:

Which of the following statements about bryophytes is FALSE?

At maturity, the sporophyte of most bryophytes consists of the:

In bryophytes, fertilization takes places in the:

The ________ is located between the sporophyte and gametophyte generations.

The base of the bryophyte archegonium, called the , contains .

The ______ is embedded in the archegonium.

Matrotrophy refers to the:

When the cells of the ________ disintegrate, they form a tube through which sperm move to the egg.

Bryophytes are a group of organisms at the transition between:

Which of the following statements about sexual reproduction in bryophytes is FALSE?

Which of the following statements concerning the transport of nutrients from the gametophyte to the embryo is FALSE?

Which of the following statements about stomata is FALSE?

The evolutionary relatedness between green algae and bryophytes is indicated by the observation that green algae contain plastid(s) per cell and the reproductive cells of many bryophytes contain plastid(s) per cell.

Which of the following statements concerning the bryophytes is FALSE?

A major difference between the spore walls of bryophytes and charophytes is that the bryophyte spore walls contain: