Question 1

Compare and contrast the two types of foodborne disease.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast the two types of...

Question 2

Through recombinant DNA technology, many plants now can manufacture their own Bt toxin, which improves fermentation.

Accepted Answer

Recombinant DNA technology allows plants to manufacture their own Bt toxin to provide resistance against pests, not to improve fermentation.

Question 3

Smallpox is considered a serious potential biological weapon, whereas anthrax has been successfully used as one. Compare and contrast their potential with regard to the criteria for assessing biological threats.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Smallpox is considered a serious potential biological...

Question 4

Most microbes need an environment that has a water activity of at least 0.90.

Accepted Answer

This is true. Most microbes require a certain level of water activity in their environment to survive and grow. A water activity of at least 0.90 is typically needed for microbial growth.

Question 5

Bioremediation is the process of using organisms to clean up toxic, hazardous compounds by degrading them to less harmful substances.

Accepted Answer

Bioremediation uses microorganisms, plants, or other living organisms to break down pollutants into less harmful substances.

Question 6

What are the levels of microbial associations in the environment? How do they relate to an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are the levels of microbial associations...

Question 7

Most of the nitrogen in the environment is in the form of nitrogen gas, which is the form used by most organisms.

Accepted Answer

While nitrogen gas makes up the majority of the atmosphere, most organisms cannot use it directly. Instead, they require nitrogen to be converted into usable forms such as ammonia or nitrates through processes such as nitrogen fixation or nitrification.

Question 8

Cold is preferred for storing food because it retards microbial growth by slowing down metabolic processes.

Accepted Answer

Cold temperatures slow down microbial growth by reducing metabolic activity, thus preventing the growth and spread of bacteria and other microorganisms. This is why refrigeration is a common method used for food preservation.

Question 9

Algae and protozoa in the soil are quite hardy, and therefore their abundance is not a useful indicator of environmental pollution.

Accepted Answer

Algae and protozoa are sensitive to changes in their environment, making their abundance a useful indicator of environmental pollution.

Question 10

Pasteurization is a more rigorous process than canning.

Accepted Answer

Pasteurization uses lower temperatures that kill some bacteria and enzymes but doesn't make the food sterile, whereas canning involves higher temperatures to kill all microorganisms and achieve sterility for long-term preservation.

Question 11

Amino acid and vitamin supplements are prepared from extracts of microbial cultures.

Accepted Answer

Amino acid and vitamin supplements can be produced through microbial fermentation, which involves using microbes such as bacteria, fungi, or yeast to produce the desired nutrients. These nutrients can then be extracted and purified for use in supplements.

Question 12

Compare the use of biosensors with traditional methods of determining microbial contamination.

Accepted Answer

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Question 13

How does water quality testing make use of environmental microbiology?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How does water quality testing make use...

Question 14

The starter culture used to make cheese determines the type of cheese produced.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The starter culture used to make cheese...

Quiz 26: Applied and Environmental Microbiology