Question 1

Which of the following changes are possible in malignant cells?

Accepted Answer

Malignant cells can undergo various changes, including expressing antigens from different cell lineages, losing expected antigens, and expressing antigens from different stages of development, reflecting their abnormal and unregulated growth patterns.

Question 2

A patient presented with a very high white blood count with 90% lymphocytes. Flow cytometry analysis was done with the gate set on the lymphocytes. What is the best interpretation of the results below?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient presented with a very high...

Question 3

Flow cytometry can be done to identify small malignant cell populations within a normal larger population. It is therefore especially important that specimens are

Accepted Answer

Flow cytometry requires specimens to be handled promptly, examined for cell viability, and preserved if analysis is delayed to ensure accurate identification of small malignant cell populations within a larger normal population.

Question 4

Reticulocytes can be analyzed using flow cytometry when they are stained with ethidium bromide.

Accepted Answer

Reticulocytes are typically analyzed using flow cytometry when they are stained with thiazole orange or a similar dye, not ethidium bromide, which is generally used to stain DNA in dead cells.

Question 5

When stem cell harvests are done for hematopoietic progenitors, flow cytometry is done for the ________ marker as it is highly associated with elevated levels of progenitor cells.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When stem cell harvests are done for...

Question 6

Serial measurements of ________ positive lymphocytes in HIV patients are done by flow cytometry to determine when prophylactic antibiotics should be given.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Serial measurements of ________ positive lymphocytes in...

Question 7

When antiretroviral therapy is successful in AIDS patients, the count of CD4+ lymphocytes will increase.

Accepted Answer

Successful antiretroviral therapy in AIDS patients suppresses the HIV virus, allowing the immune system to recover. This recovery is marked by an increase in the count of CD4+ lymphocytes, which are crucial for a healthy immune response.

Question 8

In order for flow cytometry analysis to work properly, the cells must be dead in order to properly take up stain.

Accepted Answer

Flow cytometry can analyze both live and dead cells. Live cells can be stained with specific fluorescent dyes that target live cell components, while dead cells can be identified using dyes that penetrate damaged cell membranes.

Question 9

Effective antibody reagents in flow cytometry are produced by hybridoma cells and are________
.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Effective antibody reagents in flow cytometry are...

Question 10

When different flourochromes are used in flow cytometry that have overlapping emission spectra, the interference can be electronically subtracted using a process called fluorescence ________
.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When different flourochromes are used in flow...

Question 11

When patients are put on the waiting list for a kidney transplant, they are tested for alloantibodies to HLA antigens when they are initially put on the list and then a second time just prior to the transplant.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When patients are put on the waiting...

Question 12

Fluorochromes absorb light at one wavelength and then emit light at a shorter wavelength.

Accepted Answer

Fluorochromes absorb light at one wavelength and then emit light at a longer wavelength.

Question 13

Labeled monoclonal antifetal hemoglobin can be mixed with fixed red blood cells to detect fetal red cells.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Labeled monoclonal antifetal hemoglobin can be mixed...

Question 14

A specimen has a total white blood count of 10,000 cells/uL of which 35% are lymphocytes. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that 50% of the lymphocytes are CD4+, so the absolute CD4 count is ________cells/uL.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A specimen has a total white blood...

Question 15

In flow cytometry, the process by which the cell population to be analyzed is selected is called fluorescence compensation.

Accepted Answer

Fluorescence compensation is the process used in flow cytometry to correct for the overlap of fluorescence emissions from different fluorochromes, not for selecting the cell population to be analyzed.

Question 16

Using flow cytometry, cell markers can be detected that will determine a cell's

Accepted Answer

Flow cytometry can detect cell markers that determine a cell's lineage, surface marker expression, and maturational stage, making all of the options correct.

Question 17

A flow cytometry analysis was done as shown in the figure with the gate set on red blood cells. What is the most likely interpretation of the analysis?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A flow cytometry analysis was done as...

Question 18

Although all human white cells possess the CD45 marker, immature cells possess less of it and stain dimly on flow cytometry analysis.

Accepted Answer

CD45 is a common leukocyte antigen present on all human white cells, but immature cells express it at lower levels, leading to dimmer staining in flow cytometry analysis compared to mature cells.

Question 19

Once cells have been fixed in paraformaldehyde for flow cytometry analysis, they must be analyzed immediately or the cell surface markers will deteriorate.

Accepted Answer

Fixed cells can be stored for a period of time before analysis in flow cytometry, as the fixation process preserves cell morphology and surface markers, allowing for flexibility in the timing of the analysis.

Question 20

Cell analysis in flow cytometry can be done using fluorescent stains for nucleic acids such as DNA.

Accepted Answer

Flow cytometry commonly uses fluorescent stains that bind specifically to nucleic acids, including DNA, to analyze and quantify various properties of cells, such as cell cycle status, apoptosis, and DNA content.

Quiz 11: Clinical Applications of Flow Cytometry