Question 1

Which of the following is prominent in Erikson's final stage of integrity versus despair?

Accepted Answer

In Erikson's final stage of integrity versus despair, individuals reflect on their life, leading to a life review where they assess their accomplishments and failures.

Question 2

Which theory suggests that continuing roles into late adulthood will lead to greater life satisfaction?

Accepted Answer

The Activity Theory suggests that maintaining roles and activities in late adulthood leads to greater life satisfaction, as it promotes engagement and social interaction.

Question 3

Erikson believed that older adults use their impending death as a motivation to look back and evaluate their life. This form of retrospection is what many theorists call:

Accepted Answer

Erikson's theory suggests that older adults engage in a "life review" to reflect on their life achievements and failures, which is a key component of his stage of "integrity vs. despair."

Question 4

When working with older clients, some clinicians use _____ therapy. Vanda is in one such therapy program and her clinician has her discussing past activities and experiences with other individuals in her group.

Accepted Answer

Reminiscence therapy involves discussing past activities and experiences, often used with older clients to improve mood and cognitive function.

Question 5

According to Erik Erikson, what is the last stage of development in life?

Accepted Answer

Erik Erikson's last stage of development in life is Integrity vs. despair. This stage occurs during late adulthood, generally from age 65 and above. People in this stage reflect on their lives and assess whether they feel a sense of satisfaction and fulfillment or regret and disappointment. The task is to develop a sense of integrity by coming to terms with the choices and experiences of life, or to experience despair if one feels that their life has been wasted or unfulfilling.

Question 6

As a minister, being conscientious about the welfare of her parishioners, Reverend Douglas creates many roles in her church for retired church members. Reverend Douglas appears to be applying:

Accepted Answer

Reverend Douglas is applying activity theory, which suggests that staying active and engaged in social roles can improve the quality of life for older adults. By creating roles for retired church members, she is encouraging their continued participation and engagement.

Question 7

A new finding that Canadian older adults who were more physically active had higher life satisfaction and greater social interaction than their physically inactive counterparts supports which theory of aging?

Accepted Answer

Activity theory suggests that staying active and engaged leads to higher life satisfaction and better social interactions in older adults, which aligns with the findings mentioned.

Question 8

Stacy is a director of a senior center. Every week she leads a group where the elders discuss past activities and experiences. The members of the group are encouraged to share anecdotes, old pictures, and other family memorabilia that remind them of significant events in their past. Stacy's group is a form of:

Accepted Answer

Reminiscence therapy involves encouraging individuals to recall and share past experiences and memories, often with the goal of improving psychological well-being. This is exactly what Stacy is doing with her group of elders at the senior center. Cognitive behavioral therapy (A) and rational emotive therapy (D) involve a more structured and goal-oriented approach to changing thought patterns and behaviors, while past life regression therapy (B) is a controversial and unproven therapy that suggests individuals can recall past lives through hypnosis.

Question 9

Vashti believes that the more energetic and involved older adults are, the more likely they are to be satisfied with their lives. Thus she believes in:

Accepted Answer

Activity theory suggests that staying active and engaged leads to greater life satisfaction in older adults, aligning with Vashti's belief.

Question 10

According to Erik Erikson, which of the following stages of development do individuals experience in late adulthood?

Accepted Answer

In late adulthood, individuals experience the stage of "Integrity vs. Despair" according to Erik Erikson's psychosocial stages of development.

Question 11

_____ reminiscence therapy has been found to reduce depressive symptoms and perceived stress.

Accepted Answer

Attachment-focused reminiscence therapy is designed to help individuals process and integrate past experiences, which can reduce depressive symptoms and perceived stress.

Question 12

Robert Butler states that life review is set in motion by:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Robert Butler states that life review is...

Question 13

All of the following are associated with reminiscence therapy in older adults EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Reminiscence therapy primarily focuses on improving psychological aspects such as self-esteem, mental health, and overall psychological well-being, rather than physical mobility.

Question 14

Which of the following is Erikson's eighth stage of development?

Accepted Answer

Erikson's eighth stage of development is "Integrity vs. Despair," which occurs in late adulthood.

Question 15

One study revealed that an important factor among older adults who showed a higher level of emotion regulation and successful aging was:

Accepted Answer

Older adults who show a higher level of emotion regulation and successful aging often exhibit reduced responsiveness to regrets, allowing them to focus on positive aspects of life and maintain emotional well-being.

Question 16

According to Erikson, the _____ stage of development involves reflecting on the past and either piecing together a positive review or concluding that one's life has not been well spent.

Accepted Answer

Erikson's eighth and final stage of development is integrity vs. despair, which typically occurs in late adulthood. It involves looking back on one's life and accomplishments and either feeling a sense of satisfaction and contentment (integrity) or regret and disappointment (despair).

Question 17

Which of the following statements about life review is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Life reviews often involve reflecting on both positive experiences and regrets, as they aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of one's life.

Question 18

All of the following are part of the life review process EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

The life review process involves reflecting on and evaluating past life experiences in order to gain insight and meaning. However, it does not involve projecting future life experiences as that would belong to a separate process of anticipation or goal-setting.

Question 19

Voletta believes that older adults become more selective about their social networks as they age. She is a proponent of:

Accepted Answer

The statement aligns with the socioemotional selectivity theory, which proposes that as individuals age, they become more intentional and selective in their social interactions, prioritizing emotionally meaningful relationships over surface-level ones.

Question 20

Reminiscence therapy is likely to use all of the following resources EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Reminiscence therapy focuses on recalling past experiences, often using personal items like videos, audio recordings, and photographs. New magazines do not relate to past personal experiences.

Quiz 16: Socioemotional Development in Late Adulthood