Question 1

Which of the following statements correctly pairs the lobe with its function?

Accepted Answer

The frontal lobe is responsible for higher cognitive functions such as thinking and movement. The occipital lobe is responsible for vision, the parietal lobe plays a role in somatosensory (touch) information processing, and the temporal lobe is involved in auditory and memory functions.

Question 2

Damage to this brain structure can produce symptoms resembling Parkinson's disease.

Accepted Answer

The basal ganglia is a group of nuclei located deep within the cerebral hemispheres that is involved in the control of voluntary movement. Damage to this region can result in symptoms similar to those seen in Parkinson’s disease, such as tremors, rigidity, and difficulty initiating movement.

Question 3

Anke is working in a laboratory and comes across a rat that is grossly overweight and seems unable to stop eating.The researcher tells Anke this rat has a brain lesion.Which part of the brain most likely has the lesion?

Accepted Answer

The hypothalamus is responsible for regulating hunger and satiety. Lesions in this area can disrupt these functions, leading to overeating and obesity.

Question 4

Which of the following structures is NOT considered a part of the cerebral cortex?

Accepted Answer

"Hippocampal lobes" are not a recognized structure within the cerebral cortex. The other three options (occipital lobes, parietal lobes, and temporal lobes) are all parts of the cerebral cortex.

Question 5

The thalamus receives nearly all sensory information before relaying it to the cortex.What is the one sensation that is the EXCEPTION to this rule?

Accepted Answer

The olfactory bulb, which receives information about smell, bypasses the thalamus and sends information directly to the olfactory cortex. Therefore, smell is the exception to the rule that the thalamus receives nearly all sensory information before relaying it to the cortex.

Question 6

Damage to this brain area would have a profound impact on motor learning.

Accepted Answer

The cerebellum is responsible for coordinating and fine-tuning movements, as well as motor learning and adaptation. Damage to this area would therefore have a significant impact on motor learning. Broca's area is involved in language production, the brain stem is responsible for vital functions such as breathing and heart rate, and the cerebral cortex is involved in a variety of functions including sensory perception, attention, and consciousness, but none of these areas are specifically necessary for motor learning.

Question 7

Pleasurable and desirable experiences activate dopamine neurons in which structure of the basal ganglia?

Accepted Answer

The nucleus accumbens is a structure in the basal ganglia that is involved in reward and pleasure sensations. It receives inputs from dopamine neurons and is known to play a crucial role in addiction and motivation. Choices A, B, and C are not specifically related to pleasure or reward processing.

Question 8

Jonas has experienced a relatively severe right hemisphere stroke.As a result, he is unable to feel anything on the left side of his body and has been diagnosed with hemineglect.The location of the stroke is most likely within the lobe.

Accepted Answer

Hemineglect is a condition that arises with damage to the parietal lobe of the brain, specifically the right parietal lobe which controls the left side of the body. Therefore, the most likely location of the stroke in Jonas is the parietal lobe.

Question 9

This brain structure is associated with the formation of memories.

Accepted Answer

The hippocampus is a crucial structure in the brain for the formation of memories. It acts as a sort of "gateway" for new information to enter the brain's long-term memory. Damage to the hippocampus can result in difficulty forming new memories. Options A, B, and D are also structures in the brain, but are not primarily associated with memory formation.

Question 10

According to a study by Maguire and colleagues, which part of a taxi driver's brain is more likely to be larger than normal, and why?

Accepted Answer

The hippocampus is the part of the brain responsible for spatial navigation and creating mental maps of environments. Taxi drivers, who rely heavily on their spatial memory and navigational skills, have been found to have a larger hippocampus than non-taxi drivers.

Question 11

Which of the following areas is part of the temporal lobe?

Accepted Answer

The fusiform face area, which is responsible for facial recognition and perception, is located in the temporal lobe. The primary motor cortex is located in the frontal lobe, the primary visual cortex is located in the occipital lobe, and the nucleus accumbens is located in the basal ganglia.

Question 12

The amygdala plays an important role in , whereas the hippocampus plays an important role in .

Accepted Answer

The amygdala is known to be involved in fear and emotional reactions, while the hippocampus is important for spatial memory.

Question 13

A young child is referred to Dr.Marco's psychology practice following a severe accident.The child had vision prior to the accident, but because of a blow to the head, she can no longer see.However, her eyes are still fully functional.Based on this information, Dr.Marco determines that the brain area most likely damaged in the accident is the lobe.

Accepted Answer

The occipital lobe is responsible for processing visual information. Since the child can no longer see despite having fully functional eyes, it is likely that this area of her brain was damaged in the accident.

Question 14

Information travels from our sensory receptors to the in the brain, which relays it to the cortex.

Accepted Answer

The thalamus is known as the "relay center" of the brain, receiving information from sensory receptors and relaying it to the cortex for processing. The basal ganglia, hypothalamus, and cerebellum are involved in different aspects of basic motor control, emotion regulation, and coordination, respectively, but are not directly involved in sensory processing and transmission.

Question 15

Auditory information is received in which lobe of the cerebral cortex?

Accepted Answer

Auditory information is received in the temporal lobe of the cerebral cortex. The temporal lobe is responsible for processing sound and is located on the sides of the brain, just above the ears.

Question 16

Yves has been drinking alochol.He has difficulty walking a straight line when asked to do so by a police officer.Apparently, alcohol has affected Yves's

Accepted Answer

The cerebellum is responsible for motor coordination, balance, and muscle movement. Yves's difficulty in walking a straight line indicates that his cerebellum is affected by the alcohol he has consumed.

Question 17

The basal ganglia is a system of subcortical structures critical for

Accepted Answer

The basal ganglia is primarily involved in the planning and production of movement.

Question 18

Which of the following structures is important for experiencing reward?

Accepted Answer

The nucleus accumbens, located in the basal ganglia, is known to be important for experiencing reward. It is often referred to as the "pleasure center" of the brain and is involved in the release of dopamine, a neurotransmitter associated with pleasure and reinforcement. The other structures listed are not as directly involved in the reward pathway.

Question 19

Which of the following subcortical structures plays an important role in fear processing?

Accepted Answer

The amygdala is a subcortical structure known for its key role in the processing of fear and other emotional stimuli. It is involved in the rapid appraisal of threat and the initiation of the fight or flight response. The hypothalamus is also involved in fear and stress responses, but its role is more focused on regulating the autonomic nervous system and the release of stress hormones. The hippocampus is important for memory formation, but does not have a primary role in fear processing. The basal ganglia are involved in motor control and learning, but are not typically associated with fear processing.

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the cerebral cortex?

Accepted Answer

While damage to the cerebral cortex can lead to significant impairments, it typically does not result in death.

Quiz 3: Biology and Behaviour