Question 1

The openings between adjacent vertebrae form the vertebral canal.

Accepted Answer

The vertebral foramen of each vertebra aligns with those above and below to form the vertebral canal, not the spaces between adjacent vertebrae.

Question 2

Constantly running, walking, or jogging on uneven roads can lead to chronic pain in the area around the patella resulting in a condition called osteomyelitis.

Accepted Answer

Osteomyelitis is actually an infection in the bone, and it is not directly caused by running or walking on uneven roads. However, running on uneven surfaces could potentially cause other knee injuries or conditions such as patellofemoral pain syndrome.

Question 3

The shoulder blades are also called clavicles.

Accepted Answer

The shoulder blades are actually called scapulae, while the clavicles are commonly known as the collarbones.

Question 4

Name the portions of the sternum.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Name the portions of the sternum....

Question 5

Bone remodeling involves both bone resorption and bone deposition.

Accepted Answer

Bone remodeling is a continuous process that involves both bone resorption (breakdown of old bone tissue) and bone deposition (formation of new bone tissue). This process helps maintain bone strength and density, and allows bones to adapt to changing mechanical loads and other environmental factors.

Question 6

The trabeculae of spongy bone contain lamellae, lacunae, and canaliculi.

Accepted Answer

The trabeculae of spongy bone do contain lamellae, lacunae, and canaliculi just like compact bone, but they are arranged in a more irregular pattern due to the less dense nature of spongy bone.

Question 7

Bone continuously remodels itself throughout adult life.

Accepted Answer

Bone is constantly being broken down and rebuilt in a process known as remodeling. This allows for the adaptation of bone to changing mechanical loads and the repair of microdamage.

Question 8

The hard palate on the roof of the mouth consists of the maxillae, palatine bones, and ethmoid bone.

Accepted Answer

The hard palate is formed by the palatine process of the maxillae and the horizontal plates of the palatine bones, but not the ethmoid bone.

Question 9

Red bone marrow is hemopoietic (blood-forming).

Accepted Answer

Red bone marrow is responsible for producing red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets in the body.

Question 10

Both rickets and osteomalacia involve a failure of bone calcification, however, rickets affects adults and osteomalacia affects children.

Accepted Answer

Rickets affects children because it is caused by a deficiency in vitamin D, calcium, or phosphorus during the period of bone growth and development. Osteomalacia, on the other hand, affects adults and is caused by a deficiency in vitamin D, calcium, or phosphorus, leading to softening and weakening of the bones.

Question 11

The tibia and fibula articulate with the calcaneus to form the ankle joint.

Accepted Answer

The tibia and fibula articulate with the talus, not the calcaneus, to form the ankle joint.

Question 12

The sphenoid bone is a facial bone.

Accepted Answer

The sphenoid bone is not a facial bone, it is a cranial bone located at the base of the skull.

Question 13

The decrease of estrogen levels observed in females after the age of 40 increases the loss of calcium from bones.

Accepted Answer

Estrogen has a protective effect on bones and when its levels decrease, the bones become more prone to calcium loss and osteoporosis. This is why it is important for women to maintain adequate calcium and vitamin D intake and engage in weight-bearing exercise to strengthen bones as they age.

Question 14

The pelvic (hip)girdle is formed by fusion of six separate bones.

Accepted Answer

The pelvic girdle is formed by the fusion of three bones on each side: the ilium, ischium, and pubis.

Question 15

List the names of the cranial bones.

Accepted Answer

The answer of List the names of the cranial bones....

Question 16

Orthodontics is the branch of dentistry dealing with poorly aligned teeth.

Accepted Answer

Orthodontics is indeed the branch of dentistry dealing with poorly aligned teeth.

Question 17

Articular cartilage cannot repair itself easily because it lacks a perichondrium.

Accepted Answer

Articular cartilage is avascular and lacks a perichondrium, making it difficult for it to repair itself.

Question 18

The vomer is a triangular bone that forms part of the nasal septum.

Accepted Answer

The vomer is indeed a triangular bone that forms part of the nasal septum.

Question 19

Early in life, osteoblasts work faster than osteoclasts so bone is building up. At "midlife," their activity is about equal. But later on in life, the osteoclasts work faster than the osteoblasts leading to a decrease in bone mass.

Accepted Answer

As people age, their bone mass decreases due to the osteoclasts (cells that break down bone) working faster than the osteoblasts (cells that build bone). However, in early life, osteoblasts work faster and cause bone to build up. In midlife, their activity is about equal.

Question 20

Surgical removal of the parathyroid glands would lead to an increase in blood calcium levels.

Accepted Answer

The parathyroid glands produce parathyroid hormone (PTH), which helps regulate calcium levels in the blood. Removing these glands would decrease PTH levels, leading to a decrease, not an increase, in blood calcium levels.

Quiz 6: The Skeletal System