Question 1

One of the variables used to help predict unemployment rates is the rate of inflation.Accordingly, we identify rate of inflation as the ____________________ variable, and unemployment rate as the ____________________ variable.

Accepted Answer

The answer of One of the variables used to help...

Question 2

When one variable increases and the other decreases, we say that there is a(n) ____________________ relationship between these two variables.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When one variable increases and the other...

Question 3

What are the two most important characteristics to look for in a scatter diagram?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are the two most important characteristics...

Question 4

An individual's income depends somewhat on their number of years of education.Accordingly, we identify income as the ____________________ variable, and years of education as the ____________________ variable.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An individual's income depends somewhat on their...

Question 5

If the data in a scatter diagram is scattered completely at random, what do you conclude?
A) There is no linear relationship between X and Y.
B) There is a strong linear relationship between X and Y.
C) There is a strong linear relationship between X and Y that is described by a horizontal (flat) line.
D) None of these choices.

Accepted Answer

When the data in a scatter diagram is scattered completely at random, it indicates that there is no linear relationship between X and Y. The points are not clustering in any particular pattern, which means there is no predictable relationship between the two variables.

Question 6

Briefly explain the difference between correlation and causation in terms of a relationship between X and Y.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Briefly explain the difference between correlation and...

Question 7

Which of the following statements is false?
A) You can examine the relationship between two nominal variables using a cross-classification table.
B) You can only apply statistical techniques to one variable at a time.
C) You can examine the relationship between two interval variables using a scatter diagram.
D) None of these choices.

Accepted Answer

This statement is false. Many statistical techniques exist for analyzing the relationship between two or more variables. For example, correlation analysis examines the relationship between two variables, while regression analysis examines the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables.

Question 8

In applications involving two variables, X and Y, where one variable depends to some degree on the other, we call Y the ____________________ variable.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In applications involving two variables, X and...

Question 9

Which of the following is the method statisticians use to draw the best fitting straight line through the data on a scatter diagram?
A) The fit best method.
B) The least squares method.
C) The point-intercept method.
D) None of these choices.

Accepted Answer

The method statisticians use to draw the best fitting straight line through the data on a scatter diagram is the least squares method. This method minimizes the sum of the squared residuals (differences between observed values and predicted values) to find the line of best fit.

Question 10

Which of the following describes a positive linear relationship between X and Y?
A) As the X values increase, the Y values increase in a linear manner.
B) As the X values decrease, the Y values decrease in a linear manner.
C) The X and Y values move uphill together in a linear manner.
D) All of these choices are true.

Accepted Answer

All options describe scenarios where X and Y have a positive linear relationship, meaning as one increases, the other also increases in a predictable, straight-line manner.

Question 11

When two variables tend to move in opposite directions, yet still form a linear pattern, how do you describe their relationship?
A) A positive linear relationship.
B) A negative linear relationship.
C) A proportional inverse relationship.
D) None of these choices.

Accepted Answer

A negative linear relationship is the best choice because when two variables move in opposite directions, it means that as one variable increases, the other variable decreases. This is a negative relationship, which can still be described as linear if the change in one variable corresponds directly with a change in the other variable.

Question 12

The number of houses sold in Miami Springs and the average monthly mortgage rates for 18 months randomly selected between January 2011 and April 2013 are shown in the following table.
  
a.
Draw a scatter diagram with the number of houses sold on the vertical axis.
b.
Describe the relationship between mortgage rate and number of houses sold.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The number of houses sold in Miami...

Question 13

A(n) ____________________ is a graphical display consisting of a set of points, each point representing one variable measured along the horizontal axis, and another variable measured along the vertical axis.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A(n) ____________________ is a graphical display consisting...

Question 14

An economics professor wants to study the relationship between income and education.A sample of 10 individuals is selected at random, and their income (in thousands of dollars) and education (in years) are shown below:
  
a.
Draw a scatter diagram for these data with the income on the vertical axis.
b.
Describe the relationship between income and education.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An economics professor wants to study the...

Question 15

If when one variable increases the other one also increases, we say that there is a(n) ____________________ relationship between these two variables.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If when one variable increases the other...

Question 16

The two most important characteristics to look for in a scatter diagram are the ____________________ and ____________________ of the linear relationship.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The two most important characteristics to look...

Question 17

How do you determine whether two interval variables have a positive linear relationship?
A) Most of the points fall close to a straight line with positive slope.
B) As the X variable increases, the Y variable increases in a linear way.
C) The scatter diagram shows a linear pattern that is going uphill.
D) All of these choices are true.

Accepted Answer

All three options are characteristics of a positive linear relationship between two interval variables. A scatter plot with most points falling close to a straight line with a positive slope indicates that the two variables are closely related, and the relationship between the two variables is linear. The second option is also a characteristic of a positive linear relationship, as when the x variable increases, the y variable also increases in a linear way, indicating a positive correlation. The third option suggests that there is a linear pattern that is going uphill, indicating a positive relationship between the two variables. Therefore, all three options are true statements for determining whether two interval variables have a positive linear relationship.

Question 18

Can a scatter diagram be used to explore the relationship between two nominal variables? Explain why or why not.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Can a scatter diagram be used to...

Question 19

It is speculated that the number of police officers has a negative linear relationship with number of crimes.Explain why this might be so.

Accepted Answer

The answer of It is speculated that the number of...

Question 20

In applications involving two variables, X and Y, where one variable depends to some degree on the other, we call X the ____________________ variable.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In applications involving two variables, X and...

Quiz 3: Graphical Descriptive Techniques II

One of the variables used to help predict unemployment rates is the rate of inflation.Accordingly, we identify rate of inflation as the variable, and unemployment rate as the variable.

When one variable increases and the other decreases, we say that there is a(n) ____________________ relationship between these two variables.

What are the two most important characteristics to look for in a scatter diagram?

An individual's income depends somewhat on their number of years of education.Accordingly, we identify income as the variable, and years of education as the variable.

If the data in a scatter diagram is scattered completely at random, what do you conclude?

Briefly explain the difference between correlation and causation in terms of a relationship between X and Y.

Which of the following statements is false?

In applications involving two variables, X and Y, where one variable depends to some degree on the other, we call Y the ____________________ variable.

Which of the following is the method statisticians use to draw the best fitting straight line through the data on a scatter diagram?

Which of the following describes a positive linear relationship between X and Y?

When two variables tend to move in opposite directions, yet still form a linear pattern, how do you describe their relationship?

A(n) ____________________ is a graphical display consisting of a set of points, each point representing one variable measured along the horizontal axis, and another variable measured along the vertical axis.

If when one variable increases the other one also increases, we say that there is a(n) ____________________ relationship between these two variables.

The two most important characteristics to look for in a scatter diagram are the and of the linear relationship.

How do you determine whether two interval variables have a positive linear relationship?

Can a scatter diagram be used to explore the relationship between two nominal variables? Explain why or why not.

It is speculated that the number of police officers has a negative linear relationship with number of crimes.Explain why this might be so.

In applications involving two variables, X and Y, where one variable depends to some degree on the other, we call X the ____________________ variable.