Question 1

Division olabor refers to the person or organized group responsible for producing
something.

Accepted Answer

Division of labor refers to the division of tasks among individuals or groups responsible for producing something.

Question 2

Because they are based on role obligations, taxes are an example oreciprocal exchange.

Accepted Answer

Taxes are not a reciprocal exchange because they are mandatory payments to the government without a direct exchange of goods or services in return.

Question 3

In "Reciprocity and the Power oGiving," Cronk argues thain mosinstances ogifgiving, donors expecthose who have received the gifto reciprocate promptly.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 4

According to Cronk in "Reciprocity and the Power oGiving," the phrase "Indian giver" arose because North American Indians misunderstood European customs and wanted gifts they gave to colonists to be returned promptly and with interest.

Accepted Answer

Cronk argues that the phrase "Indian giver" is actually a derogatory term created by European colonists to criticize the gift-giving practices of Native Americans, who had a different understanding of property ownership and reciprocity. While Native Americans may have had expectations of receiving gifts in return, there is no evidence that they wanted gifts to be returned promptly and with interest.

Question 5

The cultural knowledge for making and using tools and extracting and refining raw materials is called

Accepted Answer

The cultural knowledge for making and using tools and extracting and refining raw materials is known as technology. Choice A, production, refers to the process of creating goods or services. Choice B, division of labor, refers to the specialization of tasks within a group or society. Choice C, unit of production, is a term used in economics to refer to the amount of goods or services produced by one person or machine in a given period of time.

Question 6

One would expecto find the leasjob specialization in a

Accepted Answer

In a hunting and gathering society, individuals have to rely on their own skills to obtain food and resources. There is little division of labor and everyone is expected to contribute equally to the group's survival. Therefore, there is no need for job specialization.

Question 7

Taxes would besbe classified as a form of

Accepted Answer

Taxes are a form of redistributive exchange because they involve the transfer of resources from one group of people (taxpayers) to another group of people (the government).

Question 8

Markeexchange is associated with many larger societies where people musbe able to procure a wide variety ogoods and services from strangers.

Accepted Answer

Markeexchange, as the name suggests, facilitates the exchange of goods and services among people. It is associated with larger societies where people can procure various goods and services from strangers. Therefore, the statement is true.

Question 9

An economic philosophy thaemphasizes the free movemenogoods, capital, and services, with cuts to public expenditures for social services is called

Accepted Answer

Neo-liberalism emphasizes the free market and limited government intervention, which often leads to cuts in public expenditures for social services. It prioritizes the free movement of goods, capital, and services, which can benefit certain industries and individuals but can also have negative effects on vulnerable populations. Redistribution, subsistence, and allocation of resources are not accurate descriptions of neo-liberalism.

Question 10

Some acts oreciprocal gifgiving may noalways be benevolent, as in the case of

Accepted Answer

Potlatching is a traditional ceremony of Native American tribes where the host gives gifts to guests, usually in the form of blankets, food, and other valuable items. However, the purpose of the gift-giving is not just to be generous but to demonstrate the host's social status and wealth. In some cases, the host may even give away more than they can afford, leading to debt and financial problems. Therefore, the act of gift-giving in potlatching is not always benevolent but rather driven by social and cultural expectations.

Question 11

A good example oreciprocal exchange in Ameri?can society is gifgiving abirthdays.

Accepted Answer

Reciprocal exchange is the act of exchanging goods, services, or obligations where both parties benefit. Gift giving at birthdays is a common example of reciprocal exchange in American society where the recipient receives a gift, and the giver receives the satisfaction of making the recipient happy.

Question 12

The provision ogoods and services to meebiological and social wants is called

Accepted Answer

The answer of The provision ogoods and services to meebiological...

Question 13

The economic system defines the provision ogoods and services to meehuman biological and social wants.

Accepted Answer

The economic system is a method by which societies allocate resources to meet their needs and fulfill their desires. This includes the production and distribution of goods and services to satisfy human biological and social wants. Therefore, the statement is true.

Question 14

According to Cronk in his article, "Reciprocity and the Power oGiving," gifgiving can be used to intimidate people.

Accepted Answer

Cronk states in his article that in certain cases, gift giving can be used as a form of social intimidation or manipulation.

Question 15

When people buy and sell goods and services on the basis oprice, supply, and demand, we call the process redistributive exchange.

Accepted Answer

Redistributive exchange refers to the transfer of goods or resources through means other than buying or selling, such as gift-giving or theft. When goods and services are bought and sold on the basis of price, supply, and demand, it is referred to as market exchange.

Question 16

Both the Turkana and the Mukogodo peoples oKenya diminished gifts given to them by anthropologists as a way odiminishing any reciprocation they mighfeel was expected othem.

Accepted Answer

Both the Turkana and Mukogodo people in Kenya have been known to diminish gifts given to them by anthropologists in order to avoid feeling as if they owe anything in return. This is a common practice in many traditional societies where the exchange of gifts carries social and cultural importance beyond its material value.

Question 17

Gifgiving among family members aChristmas is an example of

Accepted Answer

Gifgiving among family members at Christmas is an example of reciprocal exchange, as family members give gifts to each other with the expectation of receiving gifts in return. There is an underlying social relationship and expectation of mutual benefit in this type of exchange.

Question 18

In "Reciprocity and the Power oGiving," Cronk reports thano matter how little he gave his Mukogodo informants while he was doing fieldwork, they always seemed grateful, which led to a warmer, more trusting relationship demonstrating the positive power ogiving.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In "Reciprocity and the Power oGiving," Cronk...

Question 19

In "Reciprocity and the Power oGiving," Cronk cites Hagstrom's argumenthacitations oother people's work in academic articles as well as the articles themselves, are a form ogift.

Accepted Answer

Cronk cites Hagstrom's argument that citations of other people's work in academic articles, as well as the articles themselves, are a form of gift.

Question 20

Technology refers only to the machines people use to make things.

Accepted Answer

Technology refers not only to machines, but also to processes, techniques, and systems that people use to create solutions to problems and improve their lives.

Quiz 4: Economic Systems

Division olabor refers to the person or organized group responsible for producing something.