Question 1

Kelly,who had recently joined an organization,participates in all corporate events as she wants to be accepted as a friend by her co-workers.According to David McClelland's three-needs theory,this desire is known as ________.
A) need for power
B) need for achievement
C) need for self-esteem
D) need for affiliation
E) need for security

Accepted Answer

D) McClelland's model highlights the need for affiliation (being accepted by others and having opportunities for social interaction).

Question 2

Goal-setting theory of motivation suggests that ________.
A) setting goals is unrelated to motivation in most employees
B) setting goals is an effective way to motivate employees
C) managers, not employees, need to set goals
D) collaborative goal setting can undermine managerial authority
E) employees should set their own goals without input from managers

Accepted Answer

B) Goal-setting theory is a motivational theory suggesting that setting goals can be an effective way to motivate employees.

Question 3

Which of the following is a limitation of the goal-setting theory?
A) decreased extrinsic motivation
B) reduced internal competition
C) missed learning opportunities
D) less challenging goals
E) reduced emphasis on short-term performance

Accepted Answer

C) Goal setting can misfire in a variety of ways, such as missed learning opportunities. Employees can get so focused on meeting deadlines and other goals that they overlook opportunities to learn.

Question 4

Justin M.Brown,the operations manager at Vernon Manufacturing Company,formulated a strategy to motivate the firm's employees.Justin addressed employee's dissatisfaction by increasing their salary and incentives; he employed several industrial counsellors to help employees deal with work-related stress,and improved the health insurance plan provided to employees.He also motivated employees by providing greater opportunity for advancement; recognizing employees who perform well; and giving employees greater responsibility to foster a sense of achievement in them.Justin's measures are based on which of the following approaches?
A) McClelland's three needs theory
B) Theory X
C) Theory Y
D) Herzberg's two-factor theory
E) scientific management

Accepted Answer

D) Herzberg's two-factor theory is a model that divides motivational forces into satisfiers ("motivators") and dissatisfiers ("hygiene factors").

Question 5

________ connects an employee's efforts to the outcome he or she thinks will result from those efforts.
A) Maslow's hierarchy
B) Herzberg's two-factor theory
C) David McClelland's three needs theory
D) Expectancy theory
E) Equity theory

Accepted Answer

D) Expectancy theory refers to the idea that the effort employees put into their work depends on expectations about their own ability to perform, expectations about likely rewards, and the attractiveness of those rewards.

Question 6

________ refers to a motivational approach in which managers and employees work together to structure personal goals and objectives for every individual,department,and project to mesh with the organization's goals.
A) Scientific management
B) Theory X-oriented management
C) Management by objectives
D) Theory Y-oriented management
E) Micromanagement

Accepted Answer

C) Management by objectives refers to a motivational approach in which managers and employees work together to structure personal goals and objectives for every individual, department, and project to mesh with the organization's goals.

Question 7

Which of the following statements is true about management by objectives?
A) It suggests that employee satisfaction depends on the perceived ratio of inputs to outputs.
B) It has not been validated by experimental research.
C) It reduces employee involvement in goal setting and decision making.
D) It reduces employee stress by removing specific goals and targets.
E) It ensures that employee's activities are directly linked to achieving the organization's long-term goals.

Accepted Answer

E) One of the key elements of management by objectives is a collaborative goal-setting process. Together, a manager and an employee define the employee's goals, the responsibilities for achieving those goals, and the means of evaluating individual and group performance so that the employee's activities are directly linked to achieving the organization's long-term goals.

Question 8

In Herzberg's two-factor theory,hygiene factors are ________.
A) associated with dissatisfying experiences
B) mostly intrinsic and include achievement, recognition, responsibility, and other personally rewarding factors
C) the requirements for basic survival such as food, clothing, and shelter
D) related to the need to give and receive love and to feel a sense of belonging
E) related to the need for a sense of self-worth and integrity

Accepted Answer

A) In Herzberg's two-factor theory, hygiene factors are associated with dissatisfying experiences, and motivators are associated with satisfying experiences.

Question 9

________ refers to a model suggesting that five core job dimensions influence three critical psychological states that determine motivation,performance,and other outcomes.
A) Job characteristics model
B) Management by objectives
C) Goal-setting theory
D) Theory X
E) Theory Y

Accepted Answer

A) Job characteristics model refers to a model suggesting that five core job dimensions influence three critical psychological states that determine motivation, performance, and other outcomes.

Question 10

According to the job characteristics model,
-The degree to which the employee has responsibility for completing an entire task is called ________.
A) task significance
B) skill variety
C) autonomy
D) task availability
E) task identity

Accepted Answer

E) Task identity refers to the degree to which the employee has responsibility for completing an entire task. Greater task identity contributes to the sense of meaning in work.

Question 11

According to the job characteristics model,
-The employee's perception of the impact the job has on the lives of other people is called ________.
A) skill variety
B) task identity
C) task significance
D) autonomy
E) emotional labor

Accepted Answer

C) Task significance refers to the employee's perception of the impact the job has on the lives of other people.

Question 12

Research into equity theory has led to thinking about the broader concept of ________.
A) scientific management
B) self-actualization
C) organizational justice
D) intrinsic rewards
E) self-efficacy

Accepted Answer

C) Research into equity theory has led to thinking about the broader concept of organizational justice, or perceptions of fairness in the workplace.

Question 13

Nelly Kaszton is the manager of a team of financial analysts at M&A Analytics,a Chicago-based firm which offers software,advisory services,and research facilities for financial risk management.The firm uses management by objectives technique to motivate employees to higher performance.As a part of the management by objectives (MBO)technique,Nelly Kaszton is most likely to implement which of the following actions?
A) Nelly discourages people she supervises from focusing on goals, as she believes that it will lead to unhealthy competition.
B) Nelly creates an action plan aimed at achieving department, and project-related goals, while ignoring the personal goals and objectives of the people she supervises.
C) Nelly focuses on the individual needs and goals of the people she supervises, while ignoring the departmental and project-related objectives.
D) Nelly collaborates with the people she supervises to set specific individual goals that mesh with the larger goals of M&A Analytics.
E) Nelly gives employees full freedom to set their own goal, without supervision, as MBO techniques state that employees are naturally committed to certain goals.

Accepted Answer

D) Management by objectives refers to a motivational approach in which managers and employees work together to structure personal goals and objectives for every individual, department, and project to mesh with the organization's goals.

Question 14

According to the job characteristics model,
-________ refers to the range of abilities and talents needed to accomplish the responsibilities associated with the job.
A) task significance
B) skill variety
C) autonomy
D) task availability
E) task identity

Accepted Answer

B) Skill variety refers to the range of skills and talents needed to accomplish the responsibilities associated with the job. The broader the range of skills required, the more meaningful the work is likely to be to the employee.

Question 15

Belief in your ability to complete a task is known as ________.
A) drive
B) self-efficacy
C) self-actualization
D) rootedness
E) self-motivation

Accepted Answer

B) Belief in your ability to complete a task is known as self-efficacy, and it can be increased by gaining experience, mimicking successful role models, getting encouragement from others, and sometimes even "psyching yourself up."

Question 16

________ refers to the idea that carefully designed performance targets and aims can motivate employees to higher performance.
A) Goal-setting theory
B) Equity theory
C) Herzberg's two-factor theory
D) David McClelland's three needs theory
E) Expectancy theory

Accepted Answer

A) Goal-setting theory is a motivational theory suggesting that setting goals can be an effective way to motivate employees.

Question 17

Which of the following is a drawback of David McClelland's three-needs theory?
A) it explains motivation in limited contexts
B) it has limited practicality in terms of identifying needs
C) it is criticized because of the methodology used in the original research
D) subsequent research was unable to validate the model
E) it is illogical

Accepted Answer

B) While it helps explain motivation in various contexts, the biggest drawback to McClelland's approach is its limited practicality in terms of identifying needs and crafting motivational programs to harness them in beneficial directions.

Question 18

Which of the following theorists developed the three-needs theory of motivation that highlights needs for power,affiliation,and achievement?
A) Douglas McGregor
B) Abraham Maslow
C) David McClelland
D) Frederick W. Taylor
E) Frederick Herzberg

Accepted Answer

C) The three-needs theory was developed by David McClelland. It highlights the need for power, the need for affiliation, and the need for achievement.

Question 19

________ suggests that employee satisfaction depends on the perceived ratio of inputs to outputs.
A) Maslow's hierarchy
B) Herzberg's two-factor theory
C) David McClelland's three needs theory
D) Expectancy theory
E) Equity theory

Accepted Answer

E) Equity theory suggests that employee satisfaction depends on the perceived ratio of inputs to outputs.

Question 20

Which of the following statements is true about expectancy theory?
A) Expectancy theory focuses more on the specific forces that motivate employees and less on the process they follow to seek satisfaction in their jobs.
B) Expectancy theory suggests that employee satisfaction depends on the perceived ratio of inputs to outputs.
C) Research into expectancy theory has led to thinking about the broader concept of organizational justice, or perceptions of fairness in the workplace.
D) Expectancy theory identifies four primary drives that underlie all motivation.
E) Expectancy theory states that the effort employees will put forth depends on their beliefs regarding the rewards that the organization will give in response to that performance.

Accepted Answer

E) Expectancy theory connects an employee's efforts to the outcome he or she expects from those efforts.

Quiz 10: Employee Motivation

Kelly,who had recently joined an organization,participates in all corporate events as she wants to be accepted as a friend by her co-workers.According to David McClelland's three-needs theory,this desire is known as ________.

Goal-setting theory of motivation suggests that ________.

Which of the following is a limitation of the goal-setting theory?

________ connects an employee's efforts to the outcome he or she thinks will result from those efforts.

________ refers to a motivational approach in which managers and employees work together to structure personal goals and objectives for every individual,department,and project to mesh with the organization's goals.

Which of the following statements is true about management by objectives?

In Herzberg's two-factor theory,hygiene factors are ________.

________ refers to a model suggesting that five core job dimensions influence three critical psychological states that determine motivation,performance,and other outcomes.

According to the job characteristics model, -The degree to which the employee has responsibility for completing an entire task is called ________.

According to the job characteristics model, -The employee's perception of the impact the job has on the lives of other people is called ________.

Research into equity theory has led to thinking about the broader concept of ________.

According to the job characteristics model, -________ refers to the range of abilities and talents needed to accomplish the responsibilities associated with the job.

Belief in your ability to complete a task is known as ________.

________ refers to the idea that carefully designed performance targets and aims can motivate employees to higher performance.

Which of the following is a drawback of David McClelland's three-needs theory?

Which of the following theorists developed the three-needs theory of motivation that highlights needs for power,affiliation,and achievement?

________ suggests that employee satisfaction depends on the perceived ratio of inputs to outputs.

Which of the following statements is true about expectancy theory?