Question 1

The nurse is caring for a 7-year-old child who has difficulty concentrating and completing tasks and who cannot seem to sit still.Which diagnostic test may be ordered to assist with a diagnosis of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)in this child?

Accepted Answer

A child with ADHD may have abnormal EEG findings.CT,MRI,and ECG tests are not diagnostic for ADHD.

Question 2

The parent of an adolescent who has taken methylphenidate 20 mg/day for 6 months for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)brings the child to clinic for evaluation of a recent onset of nausea,vomiting,and headaches.The parent expresses concern that the child seems less focused and more hyperactive than before.What will the nurse do next?

Accepted Answer

Nausea,vomiting,and headaches can occur with drug withdrawal,along with a recurrence of symptoms.The nurse should ask the child about drug compliance.Methylphenidate should be taken 30 to 45 minutes before meals,not with meals.

Question 3

The nurse is checking an 8-year-old child who has attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)into a clinic for an annual well-child visit.The child takes methylphenidate HCl (Ritalin).Which assessments are especially important for this child?

Accepted Answer

Methylphenidate may cause growth suppression,so the child's height and weight should be assessed.Methylphenidate may also increase blood pressure,so the nurse should pay careful attention to blood pressure.

Question 4

The parent of a child who is taking amphetamine (Adderall)to treat attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)asks the provider to recommend an over-the-counter medication to treat a cold.What will the nurse tell the parent?

Accepted Answer

Adderall is a stimulant,so other stimulants,such as caffeine and pseudoephedrine,should be avoided because a high plasma caffeine level can be fatal.

Question 5

A patient is brought to the emergency department with a drug overdose causing respiratory depression.Which drug will the nurse expect to administer?

Accepted Answer

Doxapram is given to treat respiratory depression caused by drug overdose.

Question 6

A patient reports difficulty staying awake during the daytime in spite of getting adequate sleep every night.Which medication will the nurse expect the provider to order for this patient?

Accepted Answer

Modafinil is given to treat narcolepsy.

Question 7

A college-age student is brought to the emergency department by friends after consuming NoDoz tablets along with several cups of coffee and a few energy drinks.The patient is complaining of nausea and diarrhea and appears restless.The nurse understands that

Accepted Answer

Caffeine and other stimulants can cause cardiac arrhythmias and seizures.Caffeine dependence may occur.

Question 8

A patient reports having recurring headaches described as 1 to 2 headaches per day for several weeks.The nurse understands that these headaches are most likely descriptive of which type of headache?

Accepted Answer

Cluster headaches reoccur 1 to 3 times daily in a period lasting from approximately 2 weeks to 3 months.Migraine headaches are severe and characterized by an aura prior to the headache.Tension headaches are related to stress.

Question 9

The parent of an obese 10-year-old child asks the nurse about medications to aid in weight loss.Which response by the nurse is correct?

Accepted Answer

Anorexiants should not be given to children under age 12 years.

Question 10

The nurse is caring for a patient who has migraine headaches.The patient reports having these headaches more frequently.Which is an appropriate recommendation for this patient?

Accepted Answer

Triggering factors for migraine headache include foods such as chocolate,caffeine,and red wine.Intense physical exertion can trigger migraines.Prophylactic ibuprofen is not indicated.

Question 11

The nurse is teaching a parent about methylphenidate (Ritalin)to treat attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).Which statement by the parent indicates understanding of the teaching?

Accepted Answer

Since many OTC medications contain stimulants,parents should consult a pharmacist or the provider before giving them with methylphenidate.Diet soft drinks often contain caffeine,a stimulant,and should be avoided with methylphenidate use.Behavioral therapy should still be an essential part of the treatment for ADHD.Weight loss is common.

Question 12

The nurse is working in a neonatal intensive care unit and is caring for an infant who is experiencing multiple periods of apnea and bradycardia.Which drug will the nurse expect to administer?

Accepted Answer

Caffeine is given to newborns that are experiencing apnea spells.The other drugs are not used for this purpose.

Question 13

The nurse is teaching a child and a parent about taking methylphenidate (Ritalin)to treat attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).Which statement by the parent indicates understanding of the teaching?

Accepted Answer

Methylphenidate is a stimulant,so other stimulants such as caffeine should be avoided because a high plasma caffeine level can be fatal.The medication should be taken in the morning.Patients should be taught not to stop the drug abruptly to avoid withdrawal symptoms.Weight loss is common.

Question 14

A patient has been using an amphetamine drug as an anorexiant for several weeks and asks the nurse about long-term adverse effects of this type of medication.The nurse will explain to the patient that these drugs

Accepted Answer

Amphetamines can cause adverse effects in the central nervous,endocrine,gastrointestinal,and cardiovascular systems even when used as directed.Cardiac dysrhythmias can occur with continued use.Amphetamines do not cause narcolepsy or hypotension.

Question 15

The nurse is performing a medication history on a patient who reports using phentermine HCl (Suprenza)15 mg/day for the past 3 months as an appetite suppressant.The nurse will contact the patient's provider to discuss

Accepted Answer

The nurse should discuss a gradual taper of the medication with the provider.Patients using anorexiants should not stop taking them abruptly because depression and withdrawal symptoms may occur.Phentermine-topiramate is recommended for short-term use only.Patients should not use these medications longer than 12 weeks,so increasing the dose is not indicated.

Quiz 20: Central Nervous System Stimulants

The nurse is caring for a 7-year-old child who has difficulty concentrating and completing tasks and who cannot seem to sit still.Which diagnostic test may be ordered to assist with a diagnosis of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in this child?

The nurse is checking an 8-year-old child who has attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) into a clinic for an annual well-child visit.The child takes methylphenidate HCl (Ritalin) .Which assessments are especially important for this child?

The parent of a child who is taking amphetamine (Adderall) to treat attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) asks the provider to recommend an over-the-counter medication to treat a cold.What will the nurse tell the parent?