Question 1

In the cubic closest-packed structure of sodium chloride, which ions are touching or nearly touching? 
I.sodium ions and sodium ions
II.chloride ions and chloride ions
III.sodium ions and chloride ions

Accepted Answer

In a cubic closest-packed structure, the two closest layers are both face-centered cubic (fcc), with one layer being occupied by the sodium ions and the other layer by the chloride ions. Therefore, the touching or nearly touching ions are those in adjacent layers, which are the sodium ions and the chloride ions (III) and the chloride ions and the chloride ions (II). The sodium ions and sodium ions (I) are not in adjacent layers and are separated by chloride ions.

Question 2

A tetrahedral hole in a crystal lattice is defined as

Accepted Answer

A tetrahedral hole is the space found between four atoms or ions arranged in a tetrahedral configuration, not necessarily related to sp3 hybridization or the specific geometry of the hole itself beyond its relation to the arrangement of the surrounding atoms.

Question 3

In an ionic compound of cobalt and fluorine, fluoride ions adopt a closest-packed structure with cobalt ions in one half of the octahedral holes.What is the empirical formula of the compound?

Accepted Answer

In a closest-packed structure, there are twice as many octahedral holes as there are anions. Since cobalt ions occupy half of these octahedral holes, the ratio of cobalt to fluoride ions is 1:2, giving the empirical formula CoF₂.

Question 4

Cesium chloride adopts a simple cubic lattice where the eight Cl^- ions lie at the corners of the cubic unit cell and the Cs⁺ ion lies in the center of the cube.If the edge length of the unit cell is approximately 412.3 pm and the ionic radius of Cl^- is about 181 pm, calculate an estimate of the ionic radius of Cs⁺.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Cesium chloride adopts a simple cubic lattice...

Question 5

A ceramic is a chemically resistant and heat-resistant solid produced by heating

Accepted Answer

Ceramics are typically made from clays that are heated and hardened to form a solid, chemically resistant material. Compounds containing cerium, aluminum and sulfur, and mixtures containing yttrium and barium may also be used in certain types of ceramics, but clay is the most commonly used material. Sand and water would not be sufficient for producing ceramics as clay is needed to provide the necessary chemical and physical properties.

Question 6

How many tennis balls will fit within the interstitial holes between a truckload of basketballs perfectly placed in a closest-packed arrangement? Assume that the tennis balls have a radius that is 20% that of a basketball.

Accepted Answer

The answer of How many tennis balls will fit within...

Question 7

In antifluorite structures,

Accepted Answer

In antifluorite structures, the cations are smaller than the anions, and there are two cations for every anion, which is the opposite of the fluorite structure.

Question 8

In fluorite,

Accepted Answer

In fluorite (CaF2), the calcium cations (Ca2+) are smaller than the fluoride anions (F-), and there are two fluoride anions for every calcium cation.

Question 9

A rock salt structure has smaller ions in

Accepted Answer

In a rock salt structure, the larger ions occupy the face-centered cubic positions, leaving the smaller ions to occupy the octahedral holes. Therefore, the answer is D, octahedral holes.

Question 10

Magnesium oxide adopts a rock salt structure with a density of approximately 3.58 g/cm³.Based on this information, calculate an estimate of the unit cell edge length in picometers.

Accepted Answer

The rock salt structure is a face-centered cubic lattice. The formula for density is ρ = (Z * M) / (a^3 * N_A), where Z is the number of formula units per unit cell (4 for rock salt), M is the molar mass of MgO (40.3 g/mol), a is the edge length in cm, and N_A is Avogadro's number (6.022 x 10^23 mol^-1). Solving for a and converting to pm gives approximately 421 pm.

Question 11

What is the likely unit cell for ionic compounds of 1:1 stoichiometry in which the difference in the radii is only about 25% or less?

Accepted Answer

Rock salt structure is typical for ionic compounds with a 1:1 stoichiometry and a relatively small difference in ionic radii.

Question 12

A salt with the formula AB has a ratio of ionic radii A/B = 0.28.Which structure is it likely to adopt?

Accepted Answer

The ratio of ionic radii A/B = 0.28 suggests a tetrahedral coordination, which is characteristic of the sphalerite structure.

Question 13

If half of the tetrahedral holes in a face-centered cubic unit cell are filled, what must be the stoichiometry of the ionic compound, written as nonhole sites:hole sites in lowest terms?

Accepted Answer

The answer of If half of the tetrahedral holes in...

Question 14

The thermal and electrical insulating qualities of ceramics can be explained by

Accepted Answer

Ceramics typically have significant band gaps, which means they require a higher amount of energy to conduct electricity or heat. This results in their excellent thermal and electrical insulating qualities.

Question 15

A face-centered cubic unit cell has a(n)____ in its center.

Accepted Answer

In a face-centered cubic (FCC) unit cell, an octahedral hole is located at the center of the unit cell, as well as at the centers of the edges. This is due to the geometric arrangement of atoms in an FCC structure, where the space in the center and edges can accommodate another atom, forming an octahedral coordination environment.

Question 16

Compare the packing efficiency of face-centered cubic gold and face-centered cubic sodium chloride.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare the packing efficiency of face-centered cubic...

Question 17

In bismuthIII) iodide, iodide ions are arranged in an hcp lattice.Assuming the ionic radii of bismuth and iodine in this compound are 117 and 206 pm, respectively, which of the following statements is correct?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In bismuthIII) iodide, iodide ions are arranged...

Question 18

Which of the following contributes) to the arrangement of ions in the unit cells of an ionic solid? 
I.the empirical formula
II.the relative radii of the ions
III.the shape of polyatomic ions

Accepted Answer

The arrangement of ions in the unit cells of an ionic solid is influenced by the empirical formula, which determines the stoichiometry of the ions; the relative radii of the ions, which affects how closely the ions can pack together; and the shape of polyatomic ions, which can influence the overall structure of the crystal lattice.

Question 19

If a salt has a face-centered cubic fcc) unit cell and a 1:2 cation:anion stoichiometry with cations occupying the fcc positions, then the anions fill all the ______holes.

Accepted Answer

A face-centered cubic (fcc) unit cell has one type of hole, which is a tetrahedral hole. Therefore, if the anions fill all the holes in a 1:2 cation:anion salt, they must occupy the tetrahedral holes. Thus, the best choice is (C) tetrahedral.

Question 20

An ionic compound of iron and sulfur has a crystal structure in which sulfide ions create an fcc lattice and iron ions occupy half of the available tetrahedral holes.What is the empirical formula of the compound?

Accepted Answer

In a face-centered cubic (fcc) lattice of sulfide ions, there are 4 sulfide ions per unit cell. If iron ions occupy half of the tetrahedral holes, since there are 8 tetrahedral holes in an fcc unit cell, half of these would be 4. Thus, for every 4 sulfide ions, there are 4 iron ions, giving an empirical formula of FeS.

Quiz 18: The Solid State a Particulate View

In the cubic closest-packed structure of sodium chloride, which ions are touching or nearly touching? I.sodium ions and sodium ions II.chloride ions and chloride ions III.sodium ions and chloride ions

A tetrahedral hole in a crystal lattice is defined as

In an ionic compound of cobalt and fluorine, fluoride ions adopt a closest-packed structure with cobalt ions in one half of the octahedral holes.What is the empirical formula of the compound?

A ceramic is a chemically resistant and heat-resistant solid produced by heating

How many tennis balls will fit within the interstitial holes between a truckload of basketballs perfectly placed in a closest-packed arrangement? Assume that the tennis balls have a radius that is 20% that of a basketball.

In antifluorite structures,

In fluorite,

A rock salt structure has smaller ions in

Magnesium oxide adopts a rock salt structure with a density of approximately 3.58 g/cm³.Based on this information, calculate an estimate of the unit cell edge length in picometers.

What is the likely unit cell for ionic compounds of 1:1 stoichiometry in which the difference in the radii is only about 25% or less?

A salt with the formula AB has a ratio of ionic radii A/B = 0.28.Which structure is it likely to adopt?

If half of the tetrahedral holes in a face-centered cubic unit cell are filled, what must be the stoichiometry of the ionic compound, written as nonhole sites:hole sites in lowest terms?

The thermal and electrical insulating qualities of ceramics can be explained by

A face-centered cubic unit cell has a(n) ____ in its center.

Compare the packing efficiency of face-centered cubic gold and face-centered cubic sodium chloride.

In bismuthIII) iodide, iodide ions are arranged in an hcp lattice.Assuming the ionic radii of bismuth and iodine in this compound are 117 and 206 pm, respectively, which of the following statements is correct?

Which of the following contributes) to the arrangement of ions in the unit cells of an ionic solid? I.the empirical formula II.the relative radii of the ions III.the shape of polyatomic ions

If a salt has a face-centered cubic fcc) unit cell and a 1:2 cation:anion stoichiometry with cations occupying the fcc positions, then the anions fill all the ______holes.

An ionic compound of iron and sulfur has a crystal structure in which sulfide ions create an fcc lattice and iron ions occupy half of the available tetrahedral holes.What is the empirical formula of the compound?

Quiz 18: The Solid State a Particulate View

In the cubic closest-packed structure of sodium chloride, which ions are touching or nearly touching? I.sodium ions and sodium ions II.chloride ions and chloride ions III.sodium ions and chloride ions

A tetrahedral hole in a crystal lattice is defined as

In an ionic compound of cobalt and fluorine, fluoride ions adopt a closest-packed structure with cobalt ions in one half of the octahedral holes.What is the empirical formula of the compound?

A ceramic is a chemically resistant and heat-resistant solid produced by heating

How many tennis balls will fit within the interstitial holes between a truckload of basketballs perfectly placed in a closest-packed arrangement? Assume that the tennis balls have a radius that is 20% that of a basketball.

In antifluorite structures,

In fluorite,

A rock salt structure has smaller ions in

Magnesium oxide adopts a rock salt structure with a density of approximately 3.58 g/cm3.Based on this information, calculate an estimate of the unit cell edge length in picometers.

What is the likely unit cell for ionic compounds of 1:1 stoichiometry in which the difference in the radii is only about 25% or less?

A salt with the formula AB has a ratio of ionic radii A/B = 0.28.Which structure is it likely to adopt?

If half of the tetrahedral holes in a face-centered cubic unit cell are filled, what must be the stoichiometry of the ionic compound, written as nonhole sites:hole sites in lowest terms?

The thermal and electrical insulating qualities of ceramics can be explained by

A face-centered cubic unit cell has a(n) ____ in its center.

Compare the packing efficiency of face-centered cubic gold and face-centered cubic sodium chloride.

In bismuthIII) iodide, iodide ions are arranged in an hcp lattice.Assuming the ionic radii of bismuth and iodine in this compound are 117 and 206 pm, respectively, which of the following statements is correct?

Which of the following contributes) to the arrangement of ions in the unit cells of an ionic solid? I.the empirical formula II.the relative radii of the ions III.the shape of polyatomic ions

If a salt has a face-centered cubic fcc) unit cell and a 1:2 cation:anion stoichiometry with cations occupying the fcc positions, then the anions fill all the ______holes.

An ionic compound of iron and sulfur has a crystal structure in which sulfide ions create an fcc lattice and iron ions occupy half of the available tetrahedral holes.What is the empirical formula of the compound?

Magnesium oxide adopts a rock salt structure with a density of approximately 3.58 g/cm³.Based on this information, calculate an estimate of the unit cell edge length in picometers.