Question 1

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

Puerperal sepsis is more commonly associated with Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A Streptococcus) rather than Staphylococcus aureus.

Question 2

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

Pasteurella is primarily associated with animal bites, particularly from cats and dogs, leading to wound infections, but it is not the causative agent of cat-scratch disease. Cat-scratch disease is caused by Bartonella henselae.

Question 3

Which of the following is not caused by a bacterium?

Accepted Answer

Malaria is caused by Plasmodium parasites, which are transmitted to people through the bites of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes, not by a bacterium.

Question 4

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

Cat-scratch disease is caused by the bacterium Bartonella henselae and typically presents with a mild infection characterized by a localized swelling or bump at the site of the scratch or bite, fever, and swollen lymph nodes, not a malignant pustule developing into septicemia. The description given in D more closely matches symptoms of diseases like anthrax, not cat-scratch disease.

Question 5

Which of the following is the usual cause of septic shock?

Accepted Answer

Endotoxin, typically lipopolysaccharides found in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, is the usual cause of septic shock. This triggers a strong immune response leading to widespread inflammation and potentially severe drop in blood pressure.

Question 6

EB virus causes all of the following except

Accepted Answer

EB virus (Epstein-Barr virus) is known to be associated with various types of cancers and diseases, including nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Burkitt's lymphoma, and infectious mononucleosis, but it is not typically associated with endocarditis.

Question 7

A patient presents with inflammation of the heart valves, fever, malaise, and subcutaneous nodules at joints; the recommended treatment is

Accepted Answer

The patient's symptoms suggest a diagnosis of rheumatic fever, which involves inflammation of the heart valves (valvulitis), fever, malaise, and subcutaneous nodules. The recommended treatment for rheumatic fever primarily involves anti-inflammatory drugs to reduce inflammation and manage symptoms.

Question 8

A predisposing factor for infection by Clostridium perfringens is

Accepted Answer

Gangrene is a predisposing factor for infection by Clostridium perfringens because it creates an anaerobic environment that is favorable for the growth of this bacterium.

Question 9

All of the following statements about septicemia are true except

Accepted Answer

Septicemia is more commonly caused by gram-negative bacteria, which release endotoxins leading to symptoms.

Question 10

The symptoms of gas gangrene are due to all of the following except

Accepted Answer

Gas gangrene, caused by bacteria such as Clostridium perfringens, involves symptoms due to the production of hyaluronidase, necrotizing exotoxins, proteolytic enzymes, and microbial fermentation. These factors contribute to tissue destruction and gas production. An anaerobic environment is a condition for the growth of the bacteria, not a direct cause of the symptoms.

Question 11

You advise your pregnant friend to give her cat away because

Accepted Answer

Toxoplasmosis is a concern for pregnant women because it can be transmitted through handling cat feces, which may occur when cleaning a litter box. This infection can lead to serious health problems for the unborn baby.

Question 12

All of the following grow inside host cells except

Accepted Answer

All the options listed (Babesia, Dengue fever virus, Brucella, and Leishmania) are intracellular pathogens, meaning they grow inside host cells as part of their life cycle. Babesia is a protozoan parasite that infects red blood cells, Dengue fever virus is a viral pathogen that infects various cells including white blood cells, Brucella is a bacterial pathogen that infects primarily macrophages, and Leishmania is a protozoan parasite that also primarily infects macrophages.

Question 13

All of the following statements about rheumatic fever are true except

Accepted Answer

Rheumatic fever is not cured with penicillin. Penicillin is used to treat the streptococcal infection that can lead to rheumatic fever, and as a preventive measure to avoid recurrence of the infection, but it does not cure the inflammation caused by the disease itself.

Question 14

Which of the following is a symptom of brucellosis?

Accepted Answer

Undulant fever is a classic symptom of brucellosis, characterized by fluctuating fever spikes.

Question 15

A patient has the following symptoms: a papule, enlarged lymph nodes. Microscopic examination of the papule reveals nucleated cells in white blood cells. The patient most likely has:

Accepted Answer

Leishmaniasis is characterized by skin lesions such as papules and can also cause enlarged lymph nodes. The presence of nucleated cells within white blood cells (likely referring to the presence of amastigotes within macrophages) is indicative of Leishmaniasis.

Question 16

Which of the following is not treated with penicillin?

Accepted Answer

Tularemia is typically treated with antibiotics such as streptomycin or gentamicin, not penicillin.

Question 17

The incidence of all of the following diseases is increased by unsanitary and crowded conditions
Except

Accepted Answer

Rocky Mountain spotted fever is primarily transmitted by ticks, not directly influenced by unsanitary or crowded conditions, unlike the other diseases listed which are associated with such conditions.

Question 18

A 62- year- old man was hospitalized with an 8- day history of fever, chills, sweats, and vomiting. His temperature on admission was 40°C. A routine peripheral blood smear revealed ring- shaped bodies in the RBCs. What treatment would you prescribe?

Accepted Answer

The presence of ring-shaped bodies in the RBCs suggests a malaria infection, which is treated with antimalarial drugs such as mefloquine.

Question 19

Relapsing fever and undulant fever differ in all of the following ways except

Accepted Answer

Both relapsing fever and undulant fever can have different modes of transmission, etiologies, and reservoirs, but the presence of a rash is not a distinguishing factor between the two, making all the listed options incorrect ways to differentiate them except for the option that states none of the above differences apply.

Question 20

Which of the following is not a zoonosis?

Accepted Answer

Puerperal sepsis is an infection of the female reproductive organs following childbirth or miscarriage, not a zoonosis. Zoonoses are diseases that can be transmitted from animals to humans, which applies to Anthrax, Hantavirus infection, Brucellosis, and Tularemia, but not to Puerperal sepsis.

Quiz 23: Microbial Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

Which of the following is not caused by a bacterium?

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

Which of the following is the usual cause of septic shock?

EB virus causes all of the following except

A patient presents with inflammation of the heart valves, fever, malaise, and subcutaneous nodules at joints; the recommended treatment is

A predisposing factor for infection by Clostridium perfringens is

All of the following statements about septicemia are true except

The symptoms of gas gangrene are due to all of the following except

You advise your pregnant friend to give her cat away because

All of the following grow inside host cells except

All of the following statements about rheumatic fever are true except

Which of the following is a symptom of brucellosis?

A patient has the following symptoms: a papule, enlarged lymph nodes. Microscopic examination of the papule reveals nucleated cells in white blood cells. The patient most likely has:

Which of the following is not treated with penicillin?

The incidence of all of the following diseases is increased by unsanitary and crowded conditions Except

A 62- year- old man was hospitalized with an 8- day history of fever, chills, sweats, and vomiting. His temperature on admission was 40°C. A routine peripheral blood smear revealed ring- shaped bodies in the RBCs. What treatment would you prescribe?

Relapsing fever and undulant fever differ in all of the following ways except

Which of the following is not a zoonosis?