Question 1

Marsha thinks that she is fat, although she weighs only 102 pounds and is 5 feet 7 inches tall. When her therapist asks Marsha what makes her think she is overweight, Marsha says that she is bigger than all of the supermodels that she sees on television and in fashion magazines. Because Marsha is comparing herself to the supermodels, they represent her:

Accepted Answer

Marsha is using supermodels as a standard or benchmark for evaluating her own appearance, which is characteristic of a reference group. Reference groups are those that individuals use as a standard for evaluating themselves and their own behavior, even if they do not directly interact with the members of that group.

Question 2

There are 14 members of the medical platoon stationed on the army base. These health care workers, who interact with one another and share a common identity, make up a:

Accepted Answer

The medical platoon members form a social group because they interact with one another and share a common identity, which are key characteristics of social groups.

Question 3

Ray and Sharon are the parents of twin teenage boys, Wendell and Kendall. Ray and Sharon make all the rules and assign all the tasks. They expect their children to do what they say without question. Ray and Sharon are:

Accepted Answer

Ray and Sharon exhibit characteristics of autocratic leaders by making all the decisions, assigning tasks, and expecting obedience without question, which aligns with the definition of autocratic leadership.

Question 4

Beyonce wants to launch a new musical group. She wants to know how many members she should have in the group to increase the likelihood that the group will stay together. She asks you how many people are in the most stable group. You correctly tell her:

Accepted Answer

Two people form the most stable group because with only two members, communication and decision-making are simpler, reducing the potential for conflicts that can destabilize larger groups.

Question 5

Destiny's Child was a musical group made up of three vocalists. The three members made up a:

Accepted Answer

Destiny's Child, being a group of three members, is best described as a triad, which specifically refers to a group or social relationship involving three entities.

Question 6

When Jack joined the secret society of world leaders, he was told that membership was limited to 25 people, that he would be expected to develop an intimate relationship with his 24 "brothers," and that their relationship would last until death. Jack correctly concluded that the secret society of world leaders was expected to serve as an):

Accepted Answer

The society is described as a primary group because it emphasizes intimate, long-term relationships among a small number of individuals, which is characteristic of primary groups.

Question 7

When Christy entered high school, she noticed that most of her female classmates wore lipstick. Christy bought some lipstick and started wearing it so that she could fit in with the other young ladies. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Christy's decision to wear lipstick to fit in with her peers is an example of conformity, which is the act of matching attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors to group norms or politics.

Question 8

Michelle feels very close to the Republican Party and is very loyal to the group when she votes. To Michelle, the Republican Party is an):

Accepted Answer

An in-group is a social group to which a person psychologically identifies as being a member. Since Michelle feels very close and loyal to the Republican Party, it serves as her in-group, reflecting those with whom she identifies and feels a sense of belonging.

Question 9

Harold was selected by his boss to be the shift leader at Arby's restaurant. Harold was completely happy being a crewmember and did not want to be promoted into a leadership position. During his shift, Harold often retreats to the office in the back of the restaurant, allowing the crew members to do what they want to do. Harold is an):

Accepted Answer

Harold's behavior of retreating to the office and allowing the crew members to do what they want indicates a laissez-faire leadership style, characterized by minimal direct supervision and granting team members significant freedom in how they work.

Question 10

Shakira owns the local bookstore and has seven employees. Shakira always asks her employees for their opinions before adopting a new policy. Shakira is an):

Accepted Answer

Shakira is a Democratic Leader because she involves her employees in decision-making by asking for their opinions before adopting new policies.

Question 11

Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania are examining the behavioral modes that people use to influence group members. The researchers are examining:

Accepted Answer

The researchers are examining Leadership Styles, as these are the methods and behaviors used by individuals to influence and guide members of a group. Leadership styles directly relate to how leaders manage and direct groups, which is consistent with the focus on examining behavioral modes to influence group members.

Question 12

Students in the college town refer to the local residents as "Townies." The students feel disconnected from the Townies and often hold negative views towards them. From the students viewpoint, the Townies are an):

Accepted Answer

The students view the Townies as an Out-Group because they feel disconnected and hold negative views towards them, indicating they see the Townies as a separate group from their own social circle or community.

Question 13

Missy has never been to a Bar Mitzvah before so she is unsure of the appropriate dress for the occasion. When she arrives, Missy checks out what the other women are wearing. She is pleased to see that most women are wearing elegant dresses like her own. The women at the party make up Missy's:

Accepted Answer

Missy is using the other women at the party as a standard or point of reference for appropriate behavior or dress code, which defines them as her reference group.

Question 14

The Simmons family is planning their annual family reunion. Parents, grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins, and siblings will meet on Cape Cod to celebrate their intimate and long lasting relationships. The Simmons family is an example of an):

Accepted Answer

Primary groups are characterized by intimate, long-lasting relationships, such as those shared by family members, which is the case with the Simmons family.

Question 15

The Gator football fans at the University of Florida believe that their team is better than the Volunteers team at the University of Tennessee. This reflects:

Accepted Answer

In-group bias refers to the tendency for people to favor their own group or view it in a more positive light compared to out-groups. The Gator football fans' belief that their team is better than the Volunteers team is an example of in-group bias, as they are favoring their own group (University of Florida) over an out-group (University of Tennessee).

Question 16

Renee is a business consultant. When she hires a new employee, she tells them, "It is my way or the highway." As such, her leadership style is:

Accepted Answer

Renee's statement, "It is my way or the highway," indicates a leadership style where she makes decisions unilaterally and expects obedience without input from others. This is characteristic of an autocratic leadership style.

Question 17

Fiona signed up to volunteer with the Voter Registration Council, a group that registers local high school graduates to vote in upcoming elections. This group has come together for a specific purpose and is an example of an):

Accepted Answer

Secondary groups are larger and more impersonal than primary groups, often coming together for a specific purpose or goal, such as the Voter Registration Council's aim to register local high school graduates to vote.

Question 18

Takaya and Okim are dating. This couple makes up a:

Accepted Answer

A dyad refers to a social group consisting of two persons. In this context, since Takaya and Okim are dating and make up a couple, they form a dyad.

Question 19

When Myrna was admitted into the university, she applied for on-campus housing. She was randomly placed in a room with Tiffany. Myrna and Tiffany developed a respectful roommate relationship, but after the school year was over, they never saw one another again. This is an example of an):

Accepted Answer

Myrna and Tiffany's relationship is an example of a bounded relationship because it was confined to a specific context (being roommates in university) and did not extend beyond that context once the school year ended.

Question 20

This is Katrina's first week on her new job at Jiffy Lube. She has had the opportunity to work with both of the shop managers. She notices that the morning manager assigns tasks to the employees without asking what they would prefer to do, while the evening manager asks for employee input in assigning the tasks. The morning manager has (an)_________ leadership style, while the evening manager has (an)_____ leadership style.

Accepted Answer

The morning manager who assigns tasks without seeking input exhibits an autocratic leadership style, characterized by making decisions unilaterally. The evening manager, who asks for employee input, demonstrates a democratic leadership style, which involves participative decision-making.

Quiz 6: Groups and Societies

There are 14 members of the medical platoon stationed on the army base. These health care workers, who interact with one another and share a common identity, make up a:

Ray and Sharon are the parents of twin teenage boys, Wendell and Kendall. Ray and Sharon make all the rules and assign all the tasks. They expect their children to do what they say without question. Ray and Sharon are:

Beyonce wants to launch a new musical group. She wants to know how many members she should have in the group to increase the likelihood that the group will stay together. She asks you how many people are in the most stable group. You correctly tell her:

Destiny's Child was a musical group made up of three vocalists. The three members made up a:

When Christy entered high school, she noticed that most of her female classmates wore lipstick. Christy bought some lipstick and started wearing it so that she could fit in with the other young ladies. This is an example of:

Michelle feels very close to the Republican Party and is very loyal to the group when she votes. To Michelle, the Republican Party is an) :

Shakira owns the local bookstore and has seven employees. Shakira always asks her employees for their opinions before adopting a new policy. Shakira is an) :

Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania are examining the behavioral modes that people use to influence group members. The researchers are examining:

Students in the college town refer to the local residents as "Townies." The students feel disconnected from the Townies and often hold negative views towards them. From the students viewpoint, the Townies are an) :

Missy has never been to a Bar Mitzvah before so she is unsure of the appropriate dress for the occasion. When she arrives, Missy checks out what the other women are wearing. She is pleased to see that most women are wearing elegant dresses like her own. The women at the party make up Missy's:

The Simmons family is planning their annual family reunion. Parents, grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins, and siblings will meet on Cape Cod to celebrate their intimate and long lasting relationships. The Simmons family is an example of an) :

The Gator football fans at the University of Florida believe that their team is better than the Volunteers team at the University of Tennessee. This reflects:

Renee is a business consultant. When she hires a new employee, she tells them, "It is my way or the highway." As such, her leadership style is:

Fiona signed up to volunteer with the Voter Registration Council, a group that registers local high school graduates to vote in upcoming elections. This group has come together for a specific purpose and is an example of an) :

Takaya and Okim are dating. This couple makes up a:

When Myrna was admitted into the university, she applied for on-campus housing. She was randomly placed in a room with Tiffany. Myrna and Tiffany developed a respectful roommate relationship, but after the school year was over, they never saw one another again. This is an example of an) :