Question 1

A space vehicle of mass m has a speed v.At some instant, it separates into two pieces, each of mass 0.5m.One of the pieces is at rest just after the separation. -How much work was done by the internal forces that caused the separation? A)zero joules B) C) D)mv² E)2mv²

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Question 2

A comet fragment of mass 1.96 × 10S1U1P113S1S1P0 kg is moving at 6.50 × 10S1U1P14S1S1P0 m/s when it crashes into Callisto, a moon of Jupiter.The mass of Callisto is 1.08 × 10S1U1P123S1S1P0 kg.The collision is completely inelastic.
-Car One is traveling due north and Car Two is traveling due east.After the collision shown, Car One rebounds in the due south direction.Which of the numbered arrows is the only one that can represent the final direction of Car Two? 
A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
E)5

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Question 3

A rocket is launched vertically from rest; and it burns fuel at a constant rate of 136 kg/s.Exhaust gases are expelled with a speed of 5.25 × 10³m/s relative to the rocket.What is the magnitude of the thrust? A)7.14 × 10⁵ N B)3.64 × 10⁶ N C)2.59 × 10^-² N D)808 N E)38.6 N

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Question 4

The drawing shows two 4.5-kg balls located on the y axis at 1.0 and 9.0 m, respectively, and a third ball with a mass 2.3 kg which is located at 6.0 m.What is the location of the center of mass of this system? 
A)4.8 m
B)5.2 m
C)5.6 m
D)6.0 m
E)6.4 m

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Question 5

A comet fragment of mass 1.96 × 10S1U1P113S1S1P0 kg is moving at 6.50 × 10S1U1P14S1S1P0 m/s when it crashes into Callisto, a moon of Jupiter.The mass of Callisto is 1.08 × 10S1U1P123S1S1P0 kg.The collision is completely inelastic. -Assuming for this calculation that Callisto's initial momentum is zero kg . m/s, what is the recoil speed of Callisto immediately after the collision? A)3.34 × 10^-¹⁸ m/s B)1.27 × 10^-¹⁴ m/s C)3.58 × 10^-¹² m/s D)6.13 × 10^-⁷ m/s E)1.18 × 10^-⁵ m/s

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Question 6

Two asteroids are drifting in space with trajectories shown.Assuming the collision at point O between them is completely inelastic, at what angle from its original direction is the larger asteroid deflected? 
A)80° above the +x axis
B)69° above the +x axis
C)42° above the +x axis
D)47° above the +x axis
E)90° above the +x axis

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Question 7

During hockey practice, two pucks are sliding across the ice in the same direction.At one instant, a 0.18-kg puck is moving at 16 m/s while the other puck has a mass of 0.14 kg and a speed of 3.8 m/s.What is the velocity of the center of mass of the two pucks?
A)5.0 m/s
B)7.0 m/s
C)9.0 m/s
D)11 m/s
E)13 m/s

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Question 8

A mother is holding her 4.5-kg baby in her arms while riding in a car moving at 22 m/s.The car is involved in a head-on collision and stops within 1.5 seconds.What is the magnitude of the force exerted by the baby on his mother's arms?
A)45 N
B)66 N
C)90 N
D)99 N
E)150 N

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Question 9

A 2.5-kg ball and a 5.0-kg ball have an elastic collision.Before the collision, the 2.5-kg ball was at rest and the other ball had a speed of 3.5 m/s.What is the kinetic energy of the 2.5-kg ball after the collision?
A)1.7 J
B)3.4 J
C)8.1 J
D)14 J
E)27 J

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Question 10

Which one of the following statements concerning center of mass is true?
A)All of an object's mass is located at its center of mass.
B)The center of mass of an object must be located within the object.
C)The center of mass of a system of objects cannot change even if there are forces acting on the objects.
D)The velocity of the center of mass of a system of objects is greatly affected by a collision of objects within the system.
E)The velocity of the center of mass of a system of objects is constant when the sum of the external forces acting on the system is zero.

Accepted Answer

The center of mass of an object is the point at which the entire mass of the object can be considered to be concentrated. It is not necessary for all of the mass to be located at the center of mass, so A is false. The center of mass can be located outside of the object if there is a portion of the object with a larger mass farther from the center. Therefore, B is false. The center of mass of a system of objects can change in response to forces acting on the system, so C is false. In fact, the velocity of the center of mass of a system of objects is directly related to the net external force acting on the system according to Newton's second law. Therefore, when the sum of the external forces acting on the system is zero, the velocity of the center of mass of the system is constant, as stated in E.

Question 11

A 100-kg fisherman and a 500-kg supply crate are on a frozen pond that is essentially frictionless.The man and the crate are initially separated by a distance of 600 meters.The fisherman uses a very light rope to pull the crate closer to him.How far has the man moved when the crate reaches the fisherman?
A)zero meters
B)10 m
C)50 m
D)100 m
E)500 m

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Question 12

A comet fragment of mass 1.96 × 10S1U1P113S1S1P0 kg is moving at 6.50 × 10S1U1P14S1S1P0 m/s when it crashes into Callisto, a moon of Jupiter.The mass of Callisto is 1.08 × 10S1U1P123S1S1P0 kg.The collision is completely inelastic.
-A 0.50-kg bomb is sliding along an icy pond (frictionless surface) with a velocity of 2.0 m/s to the west.The bomb explodes into two pieces.After the explosion, a 0.20-kg piece moves south at 4.0 m/s.What are the components of the velocity of the 0.30-kg piece?
A)4.0 m/s north, 0 m/s
B)2.7 m/s north, 3.3 m/s west
C)4.0 m/s north, 2.7 m/s west
D)0 m/s, 2.0 m/s east
E)4.0 m/s north, 2.0 m/s east

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Question 13

A space vehicle of mass m has a speed v.At some instant, it separates into two pieces, each of mass 0.5m.One of the pieces is at rest just after the separation. -What is the kinetic energy of the moving piece just after the separation? A)zero joules B) C) D)mv² E)2mv²

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Question 14

A juggler demonstrates his abilities by keeping a 2.3-kg pipe wrench, a 1.5-kg hatchet, and a 1.0-kg hammer flying through the air above his head.The white circles on the graph represent the positions of the center of mass of each of the flying objects at one instant.What are the x and y coordinates of the center of mass for the system of these three objects?  x y
A)0.46 m 0.47 m
B)0.30 m 0.54 m
C)0.42 m 0.60 m
D)0.47 m 0.26 m
E)0.60 m 0.42 m

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Question 15

A 35-kg girl is standing near and to the left of a 43-kg boy on the frictionless surface of a frozen pond.The boy throws a 0.75-kg ice ball to the girl with a horizontal speed of 6.2 m/s.What are the velocities of the boy and the girl immediately after the girl catches the ice ball? girl boy
A)0.81 m/s, left 0.67 m/s, right
B)0.17 m/s, left 0.14 m/s, left
C)0.18 m/s, right 0.13 m/s, left
D)0.42 m/s, left 0.49 m/s, right
E)0.13 m/s, left 0.11 m/s, right

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Question 16

A space vehicle of mass m has a speed v.At some instant, it separates into two pieces, each of mass 0.5m.One of the pieces is at rest just after the separation.
-Which one of the following statements concerning this situation is true?
A)The moving piece has speed 2v.
B)This process conserves kinetic energy.
C)The piece at rest possesses kinetic energy.
D)The process does not conserve total energy.
E)This process does not conserve momentum.

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Question 17

Two objects constitute an isolated system.In an elastic collision between the two objects, which one of the following statements is a false statement?
A)The total kinetic energy is conserved.
B)The kinetic energy of each object is the same before and after the collision.
C)The total momentum is conserved.
D)The magnitude of the force exerted by each object on the other object is equal.
E)The total kinetic energy before the collision is equal to the total kinetic energy after the collision.

Accepted Answer

In an elastic collision, the total kinetic energy is conserved, total momentum is conserved, and the magnitude of the force exerted by each object on the other object is equal. However, the kinetic energy of each object may not be the same before and after the collision. In fact, it is possible for one object to gain kinetic energy at the expense of the other object losing kinetic energy as long as the total kinetic energy remains the same before and after the collision.

Question 18

In the game of billiards, all the balls have approximately the same mass, about 0.17 kg.In the figure, the cue ball strikes another ball such that it follows the path shown.The other ball has a speed of 1.5 m/s immediately after the collision.What is the speed of the cue ball after the collision? 
A)1.5 m/s
B)1.8 m/s
C)2.6 m/s
D)4.3 m/s
E)5.2 m/s

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Question 19

A comet fragment of mass 1.96 × 10S1U1P113S1S1P0 kg is moving at 6.50 × 10S1U1P14S1S1P0 m/s when it crashes into Callisto, a moon of Jupiter.The mass of Callisto is 1.08 × 10S1U1P123S1S1P0 kg.The collision is completely inelastic. -How much kinetic energy was released in the collision? A)8.28 × 10²² J B)3.51 × 10²⁷ J C)7.02 × 10²⁷ J D)4.14 × 10²² J E)1.50 × 10¹³ J

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Question 20

A 160-kg space probe is moving in the positive x direction at 18 km/s when it encounters a time-dependent force directed in the negative x direction.The force is as follows:  Determine the final speed of the space probe.
A)8.6 km/s
B)5.3 km/s
C)11 km/s
D)16 km/s
E)23 km/s

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Quiz 7: Impulse and Momentum

A space vehicle of mass m has a speed v.At some instant, it separates into two pieces, each of mass 0.5m.One of the pieces is at rest just after the separation. -How much work was done by the internal forces that caused the separation?

A rocket is launched vertically from rest; and it burns fuel at a constant rate of 136 kg/s.Exhaust gases are expelled with a speed of 5.25 × 10³m/s relative to the rocket.What is the magnitude of the thrust?

The drawing shows two 4.5-kg balls located on the y axis at 1.0 and 9.0 m, respectively, and a third ball with a mass 2.3 kg which is located at 6.0 m.What is the location of the center of mass of this system?

Two asteroids are drifting in space with trajectories shown.Assuming the collision at point O between them is completely inelastic, at what angle from its original direction is the larger asteroid deflected?

During hockey practice, two pucks are sliding across the ice in the same direction.At one instant, a 0.18-kg puck is moving at 16 m/s while the other puck has a mass of 0.14 kg and a speed of 3.8 m/s.What is the velocity of the center of mass of the two pucks?

A mother is holding her 4.5-kg baby in her arms while riding in a car moving at 22 m/s.The car is involved in a head-on collision and stops within 1.5 seconds.What is the magnitude of the force exerted by the baby on his mother's arms?

A 2.5-kg ball and a 5.0-kg ball have an elastic collision.Before the collision, the 2.5-kg ball was at rest and the other ball had a speed of 3.5 m/s.What is the kinetic energy of the 2.5-kg ball after the collision?

Which one of the following statements concerning center of mass is true?

A space vehicle of mass m has a speed v.At some instant, it separates into two pieces, each of mass 0.5m.One of the pieces is at rest just after the separation. -What is the kinetic energy of the moving piece just after the separation?

A 35-kg girl is standing near and to the left of a 43-kg boy on the frictionless surface of a frozen pond.The boy throws a 0.75-kg ice ball to the girl with a horizontal speed of 6.2 m/s.What are the velocities of the boy and the girl immediately after the girl catches the ice ball? girl boy

A space vehicle of mass m has a speed v.At some instant, it separates into two pieces, each of mass 0.5m.One of the pieces is at rest just after the separation. -Which one of the following statements concerning this situation is true?

Two objects constitute an isolated system.In an elastic collision between the two objects, which one of the following statements is a false statement?

In the game of billiards, all the balls have approximately the same mass, about 0.17 kg.In the figure, the cue ball strikes another ball such that it follows the path shown.The other ball has a speed of 1.5 m/s immediately after the collision.What is the speed of the cue ball after the collision?

A comet fragment of mass 1.96 × 10¹³ kg is moving at 6.50 × 10⁴ m/s when it crashes into Callisto, a moon of Jupiter.The mass of Callisto is 1.08 × 10²³ kg.The collision is completely inelastic. -How much kinetic energy was released in the collision?

A 160-kg space probe is moving in the positive x direction at 18 km/s when it encounters a time-dependent force directed in the negative x direction.The force is as follows: Determine the final speed of the space probe.

Quiz 7: Impulse and Momentum

A space vehicle of mass m has a speed v.At some instant, it separates into two pieces, each of mass 0.5m.One of the pieces is at rest just after the separation. -How much work was done by the internal forces that caused the separation?

A rocket is launched vertically from rest; and it burns fuel at a constant rate of 136 kg/s.Exhaust gases are expelled with a speed of 5.25 × 103 m/s relative to the rocket.What is the magnitude of the thrust?

The drawing shows two 4.5-kg balls located on the y axis at 1.0 and 9.0 m, respectively, and a third ball with a mass 2.3 kg which is located at 6.0 m.What is the location of the center of mass of this system?

Two asteroids are drifting in space with trajectories shown.Assuming the collision at point O between them is completely inelastic, at what angle from its original direction is the larger asteroid deflected?

During hockey practice, two pucks are sliding across the ice in the same direction.At one instant, a 0.18-kg puck is moving at 16 m/s while the other puck has a mass of 0.14 kg and a speed of 3.8 m/s.What is the velocity of the center of mass of the two pucks?

A mother is holding her 4.5-kg baby in her arms while riding in a car moving at 22 m/s.The car is involved in a head-on collision and stops within 1.5 seconds.What is the magnitude of the force exerted by the baby on his mother's arms?

A 2.5-kg ball and a 5.0-kg ball have an elastic collision.Before the collision, the 2.5-kg ball was at rest and the other ball had a speed of 3.5 m/s.What is the kinetic energy of the 2.5-kg ball after the collision?

Which one of the following statements concerning center of mass is true?

A space vehicle of mass m has a speed v.At some instant, it separates into two pieces, each of mass 0.5m.One of the pieces is at rest just after the separation. -What is the kinetic energy of the moving piece just after the separation?

A 35-kg girl is standing near and to the left of a 43-kg boy on the frictionless surface of a frozen pond.The boy throws a 0.75-kg ice ball to the girl with a horizontal speed of 6.2 m/s.What are the velocities of the boy and the girl immediately after the girl catches the ice ball? girl boy

A space vehicle of mass m has a speed v.At some instant, it separates into two pieces, each of mass 0.5m.One of the pieces is at rest just after the separation. -Which one of the following statements concerning this situation is true?

Two objects constitute an isolated system.In an elastic collision between the two objects, which one of the following statements is a false statement?

In the game of billiards, all the balls have approximately the same mass, about 0.17 kg.In the figure, the cue ball strikes another ball such that it follows the path shown.The other ball has a speed of 1.5 m/s immediately after the collision.What is the speed of the cue ball after the collision?

A comet fragment of mass 1.96 × 1013 kg is moving at 6.50 × 104 m/s when it crashes into Callisto, a moon of Jupiter.The mass of Callisto is 1.08 × 1023 kg.The collision is completely inelastic. -How much kinetic energy was released in the collision?

A 160-kg space probe is moving in the positive x direction at 18 km/s when it encounters a time-dependent force directed in the negative x direction.The force is as follows: Determine the final speed of the space probe.

A rocket is launched vertically from rest; and it burns fuel at a constant rate of 136 kg/s.Exhaust gases are expelled with a speed of 5.25 × 10³m/s relative to the rocket.What is the magnitude of the thrust?

A comet fragment of mass 1.96 × 10¹³ kg is moving at 6.50 × 10⁴ m/s when it crashes into Callisto, a moon of Jupiter.The mass of Callisto is 1.08 × 10²³ kg.The collision is completely inelastic. -How much kinetic energy was released in the collision?