Question 1

The World Health Organization advises individuals to consume a maximum of what percentage of their total daily Calories from added sugar?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The World Health Organization advises individuals to...

Question 2

Which of the following actions would be the most helpful in the prevention of type 2 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining a healthy body weight is the most helpful action in the prevention of type 2 diabetes. Obesity is a major risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes, and losing just 5-10% of body weight can significantly reduce the risk. Restricting caffeine intake and consuming refined grains are not strongly linked to the prevention of diabetes. Taking oral hypoglycemic agents is a treatment for diabetes, not a prevention strategy.

Question 3

What could you do to magnify the sweetness of foods without increasing Calorie intake?

Accepted Answer

Using a sugar substitute can enhance sweetness without adding calories, as these substitutes are often much sweeter than sucrose and contain little to no calories.

Question 4

Which of the following dietary approaches would be most likely to relieve symptoms of postprandial hypoglycemia?

Accepted Answer

Eating regularly timed meals can help stabilize blood sugar levels and prevent fluctuations that can lead to postprandial hypoglycemia. Drinking alcohol (such as wine) with meals can actually worsen the condition by increasing insulin secretion and further lowering blood sugar levels. Limiting the intake of complex carbohydrates can be helpful in managing overall blood sugar levels, but it may not specifically address postprandial hypoglycemia. Consuming balanced meals containing simple sugars may actually contribute to postprandial hypoglycemia if the body secretes too much insulin in response to the sugar intake.

Question 5

Which of the following symptoms is experienced by an individual with postprandial hypoglycemia?

Accepted Answer

Postprandial hypoglycemia is a condition where an individual experiences low blood sugar levels after eating a meal. Some of the symptoms experienced by individuals with postprandial hypoglycemia include dizziness, confusion, fainting, sweating, and shaking. Increased urination and energy are not typical symptoms of postprandial hypoglycemia. Increased concentration may be a symptom of hypoglycemia, but it is not specific to postprandial hypoglycemia.

Question 6

A friend complains of cravings for sweets, excessive thirst and urination, weakness, and blurred vision. What condition might these symptoms indicate?

Accepted Answer

These symptoms are common in individuals with diabetes. Excessive thirst, hunger, and urination can indicate high blood sugar levels, while weakness and blurred vision can be signs of diabetic complications. Milk allergy or lactose intolerance would not typically cause these symptoms, and while hypoglycemia can cause weakness and blurred vision, it would not typically be accompanied by excessive thirst and urination.

Question 7

What is the first organ to respond when the blood glucose level rises after a meal?

Accepted Answer

The pancreas is responsible for producing insulin, which helps to lower blood glucose levels by facilitating glucose uptake by cells. When blood glucose levels rise after a meal, the pancreas responds by secreting insulin to regulate glucose levels.

Question 8

What is the main determinant for causing dental caries?

Accepted Answer

The length of time food stays in the mouth is a significant factor in the development of dental caries because it allows bacteria more time to ferment food particles into acids, which then attack tooth enamel.

Question 9

The effects of poorly managed diabetes can be severe and include which of the following conditions?

Accepted Answer

Poorly managed diabetes can lead to kidney disease. Asthma, osteoporosis, and lactose intolerance are not directly related to poorly managed diabetes.

Question 10

Which of the following people would be most likely to develop type 2 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Obesity is a major risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes.

Question 11

Which of the following foods may be helpful in minimizing the effect of acids on teeth and in restoring damaged tooth enamel?

Accepted Answer

Cheese is the best choice as it is high in calcium and phosphorus which can help to remineralize and protect tooth enamel. Crackers and chips are starchy, which can convert into sugars and contribute to acid formation in the mouth. Spinach contains oxalic acid which can erode tooth enamel over time.

Question 12

What is the name for the scale that measures and ranks the extent to which a food raises the blood glucose level and elicits an insulin response as compared to its response to pure glucose?

Accepted Answer

The scale that measures and ranks the extent to which a food raises the blood glucose level and elicits an insulin response as compared to its response to pure glucose is called the glycemic index. Option A is incorrect because the insulin index measures the insulin response to a specific amount of food, regardless of its effect on blood glucose levels. Option C is incorrect because the hypoglycemic index measures the ability of foods to lower blood glucose levels, not raise them. Option D is incorrect because the digestibility index measures the degree to which a food is digested and absorbed, not its effect on blood glucose levels.

Question 13

Which one of the following foods contains carbohydrate?

Accepted Answer

Milk contains lactose, a type of carbohydrate. Eggs, chicken breast, and olive oil are all protein and/or fat sources with no significant carbohydrate content.

Question 14

Which type of sugar contains 95% pure sucrose?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which type of sugar contains 95% pure...

Question 15

What is the term used to describe the condition in which blood glucose levels are higher than normal, yet below the values to be diagnosed with diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Prediabetes is the term used to describe the condition in which blood glucose levels are higher than normal, yet below the values to be diagnosed with diabetes. Glucagon intolerance and insulin resistance are conditions related to diabetes but not specifically to prediabetes. Hypoglycemia is the term used to describe low blood glucose levels.

Question 16

Which of the following synthetic sweeteners should be avoided by individuals with phenylketonuria PKU)?

Accepted Answer

Individuals with phenylketonuria (PKU) cannot properly metabolize phenylalanine, an amino acid found in aspartame. Therefore, aspartame should be avoided by individuals with PKU. Neotame, saccharin, and sucralose do not contain phenylalanine and are safe for those with PKU.

Question 17

Which of the following beverages is an ideal choice after exercising?

Accepted Answer

Chocolate milk is the best choice after exercising because it provides a balanced ratio of carbohydrates and protein to help replenish energy stores and build and repair muscle. Caffeine-enriched drinks should be avoided as they can dehydrate the body, and carbonated diet soda provides no nutritional benefit. Diluted fruit punch could be a good option if it is not too high in sugar, but it may not provide enough protein for muscle recovery.

Question 18

Which of the following foods causes blood sugar to rise the highest, shortly after consumption?

Accepted Answer

White bread is made from refined grains, which increases its glycemic index and causes blood sugar levels to spike quickly after consumption. Brown rice, peanuts, and ice cream have a lower glycemic index and their effect on blood sugar levels is more gradual and sustained.

Question 19

Type 2 diabetes can be described by which of the following characteristics?

Accepted Answer

Type 2 diabetes is characterized by insulin resistance, where the body's cells do not respond effectively to insulin.

Question 20

Which of the following statements most accurately describes type 1 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition where the immune system attacks and destroys insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas.

Quiz 4: The Carbohydrates: Sugar, Starch, Glycogen, and Fibre