Question 1

The self-statement, "This person is probably wishing our meeting was done. I'm a horrible speaker," is an example of a client engaging in a___________ a problem situation.
A) self-defeating thought before
B) self-enhancing thought before
C) self-defeating thought during
D) self-enhancing thought after

Accepted Answer

This statement is an example of a self-defeating thought that occurs during a situation, as the client is negatively evaluating their speaking abilities in the midst of the meeting.

Question 2

__________is based on the assumption that many behaviors are useful in some but not all contexts or conditions.
A) Meaning reframing
B) Context reframing
C) Cognitive restructuring
D) Functional fixity

Accepted Answer

Context reframing is based on the idea that the meaning or usefulness of a behavior can change depending on the context or situation. This approach suggests that behaviors that are problematic in one setting may be beneficial in another, emphasizing the importance of considering the context when evaluating behaviors.

Question 3

Cognitive restructuring has its roots in all EXCEPT which of the following?
A) Uncovering the genesis of maladaptive schemas
B) Eliminating distorted or invalid inferences
C) Disputing irrational thoughts or beliefs
D) Developing new, healthier cognitions, and patterns of responding

Accepted Answer

Cognitive restructuring is a core component of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and involves identifying and challenging irrational or maladaptive thoughts and beliefs (B, C, D). It does not specifically focus on uncovering the genesis of maladaptive schemas, which is more characteristic of psychodynamic approaches.

Question 4

The self-statement, "I'm just going to be myself when I meet this person," is an example of a client engaging in__________ a problem situation.
A) self-defeating thought before
B) self-enhancing thought before
C) self-defeating thought during
D) self-enhancing thought after

Accepted Answer

This statement reflects a positive mindset and confidence in one's own identity before entering a potentially challenging social situation, which is characteristic of self-enhancing thoughts.

Question 5

________are cognitive structures in which concepts or beliefs are stored in and activated from memory.
A) Distorted thoughts
B) Cognitive beliefs
C) Schemas
D) Dichotomous thoughts

Accepted Answer

Schemas are cognitive structures that represent knowledge and beliefs about concepts, including self and social aspects, and guide information processing by helping to organize and interpret information.

Question 6

Modeled verbalization in cognitive restructuring utilizes mastery self-talk to cope with frustrations.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Modeled verbalization in cognitive restructuring utilizes mastery...

Question 7

Identify the category of distorted automatic thought that appears best suited to the following self-statement: "I'll fail the class, get thrown out of school, and won't be able to get a job. I'll be homeless."
A) Blaming
B) Judgment focused
C) Discounting positives
D) Catastrophizing

Accepted Answer

This self-statement is an example of catastrophizing, where the individual is assuming the worst possible outcome from a situation, escalating from failing a class to homelessness.

Question 8

In the_________ step of the reframing process, the helper engages the client in repeated role-play or imagery to help the client attend to other features in the problem situation in order to embody new perceptual responses leading to a felt sense of relief, strength, or optimism.
A) modification of perceptions in situations of concern
B) deliberate enactment of selected perceptual features
C) identification of client perceptions and feelings in problem situations
D) rationale: purpose and overview of the procedure

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the_________ step of the reframing process,...

Question 9

__________is a procedure in which practitioners demonstrate to clients what to say to themselves while performing a task.
A) Cognitive modeling
B) Reframing
C) Cognitive restructuring
D) Schema restructuring

Accepted Answer

Cognitive modeling is a technique where practitioners model or demonstrate the thought processes they want their clients to adopt while performing a specific task, including what to say to themselves. This helps clients learn to think in more adaptive ways.

Question 10

In carrying out the last step in cognitive modeling with self-instructional training, the client:
A) whispers the instructions while performing the task.
B) performs the task while instructing him/herself aloud.
C) performs the task (previously modeled by the helper) while the helper instructs the client aloud.
D) performs the task while instructing him/herself covertly.

Accepted Answer

In the final step of cognitive modeling with self-instructional training, the client performs the task while instructing themselves covertly (internally). This step is crucial for ensuring that the client can independently apply the learned strategies in real-life situations without external guidance.

Question 11

All of the following statements are true about reframing EXCEPT:
A) modifies the client's perceptions of a difficult situation or behavior.
B) context or meaning may be reframed.
C) provides an alternative view by directly confronting the client and his/her behaviors.
D) may help one person understand the experiences of another.

Accepted Answer

Reframing involves changing the context or meaning of a situation or behavior to view it in a more positive or manageable light, rather than directly confronting the client and his/her behaviors. Direct confrontation is not typically associated with the concept of reframing.

Question 12

All of the following were identified as categories of maladaptive themes and schemas EXCEPT:
A) impaired autonomy and performance.
B) impaired reality testing.
C) disconnection and rejection.
D) other-directedness.

Accepted Answer

Impaired reality testing is not typically categorized as a maladaptive theme or schema in the context of schema therapy or similar psychological frameworks. Maladaptive schemas, as conceptualized by Jeffrey Young and others, include themes like impaired autonomy, disconnection, and other-directedness, but impaired reality testing is more often associated with psychotic disorders and is not one of the core maladaptive schemas.

Question 13

Cognitive therapy approaches assume that clients' problematic emotions and behaviors stem from:
A) the manner in which clients perceive, experience, and interpret events.
B) a client's environmental context.
C) socio-political factors such as marginalization and oppression.
D) behaviors of persons in the client's social network.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive therapy focuses on the idea that problematic emotions and behaviors are a result of how individuals perceive, experience, and interpret events in their lives. This approach emphasizes the importance of cognition (thoughts, beliefs, and attitudes) in determining how people feel and behave.

Question 14

Guidelines for using cognitive restructuring in a culturally sensitive manner comprise all EXCEPT which of the following?
A) Offer an educational rather than therapeutic rationale in order to reduce stigma.
B) Employ a didactic approach with specific and direct homework assignments.
C) Streamline the procedure to one or two steps rather than multistep processes.
D) Clearly identify goals of targeting irrational and maladaptive cognitions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Guidelines for using cognitive restructuring in a...

Question 15

When a helper engages in perspective-taking in a manner that fosters understanding the client from the "outside in," this is an example of________ empathy.
A) cognitive
B) affective
C) cultural
D) relational

Accepted Answer

The answer of When a helper engages in perspective-taking in...

Question 16

All of the following are true statements in regards to reframing when a client is faced with a problematic situation EXCEPT:
A) reframing tends to reduce client defensiveness.
B) reframing helps to mobilize a client's resources and forces for change.
C) reframing can shift the focus from negative self-attributions of behavior to analyses of important contextual and situational influences.
D) reframing is associated with decreased self-efficacy.

Accepted Answer

Reframing is a technique used in therapy and counseling to help clients look at situations from a different perspective. It often increases self-efficacy by helping clients see how they can have control or influence over their situation, rather than decreasing it.

Question 17

When a client engaging in cognitive modeling thinks about the sequence of steps while carrying out the task, this is an example of__________ .
A) overt external guidance
B) covert self-guidance
C) faded overt self-guidance
D) overt self-guidance

Accepted Answer

When a client engages in cognitive modeling and thinks about the sequence of steps while carrying out a task, it is an example of covert self-guidance. This involves mentally guiding oneself through the steps of a task without verbalizing or demonstrating them outwardly.

Question 18

All EXCEPT which of the following statements are TRUE in regards to schemas?
A) Schemas are activated to help us interpret our present experiences.
B) The genesis of problematic schemas can be traced back to childhood traumatic experiences.
C) Schemas can be tenacious in their resistance to challenge and change.
D) Schemas shape how we interpret ourselves in the world.

Accepted Answer

Schemas are cognitive frameworks that help us organize and interpret information, and while they can be influenced by early experiences, not all problematic schemas are directly traced back to childhood traumatic experiences. Schemas are broader in their formation and can develop and evolve due to a variety of experiences throughout life.

Question 19

In cognitive therapy, emotions and motivations are not integral factors within the change strategy.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive therapy considers emotions and motivations as integral factors, as it aims to understand and modify the patterns of thinking that influence emotions and behaviors.

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT one of the six steps in cognitive restructuring?
A) Identification of thoughts and schemas during problem situations
B) Introduction and practice of coping thoughts
C) Shifting from self-defeating to coping thoughts
D) Introduction and practice of negative self-statements

Accepted Answer

Cognitive restructuring involves identifying and challenging negative thoughts and replacing them with more balanced and realistic ones, not introducing negative self-statements.

Quiz 11: Cognitive Change Strategies: Reframing, Cognitive Modeling, and Cognitive Restructuring

The self-statement, "This person is probably wishing our meeting was done. I'm a horrible speaker," is an example of a client engaging in a___________ a problem situation.

__________is based on the assumption that many behaviors are useful in some but not all contexts or conditions.

Cognitive restructuring has its roots in all EXCEPT which of the following?

The self-statement, "I'm just going to be myself when I meet this person," is an example of a client engaging in__________ a problem situation.

________are cognitive structures in which concepts or beliefs are stored in and activated from memory.

Modeled verbalization in cognitive restructuring utilizes mastery self-talk to cope with frustrations.

Identify the category of distorted automatic thought that appears best suited to the following self-statement: "I'll fail the class, get thrown out of school, and won't be able to get a job. I'll be homeless."

In the_________ step of the reframing process, the helper engages the client in repeated role-play or imagery to help the client attend to other features in the problem situation in order to embody new perceptual responses leading to a felt sense of relief, strength, or optimism.

__________is a procedure in which practitioners demonstrate to clients what to say to themselves while performing a task.

In carrying out the last step in cognitive modeling with self-instructional training, the client:

All of the following statements are true about reframing EXCEPT:

All of the following were identified as categories of maladaptive themes and schemas EXCEPT:

Cognitive therapy approaches assume that clients' problematic emotions and behaviors stem from:

Guidelines for using cognitive restructuring in a culturally sensitive manner comprise all EXCEPT which of the following?

When a helper engages in perspective-taking in a manner that fosters understanding the client from the "outside in," this is an example of________ empathy.

All of the following are true statements in regards to reframing when a client is faced with a problematic situation EXCEPT:

When a client engaging in cognitive modeling thinks about the sequence of steps while carrying out the task, this is an example of__________ .

All EXCEPT which of the following statements are TRUE in regards to schemas?

In cognitive therapy, emotions and motivations are not integral factors within the change strategy.

Which of the following is NOT one of the six steps in cognitive restructuring?