Question 1

The Weber Fraction for loudness is 1/20. So let's say I get you to listen to some music played at 100 decibels. In order for you to tell that a second piece of music was louder, I would need to play it at

Accepted Answer

The Weber Fraction indicates the smallest change in stimulus intensity that can be detected. For loudness, it is 1/20, meaning a 5-decibel increase (100/20) is needed to notice a difference. Thus, the second piece must be at least 105 decibels.

Question 2

If you have normal colour vision, you are referred to as a _, whereas if you are red/green or yellow/blue colour-blind, you are referred to as a _.

Accepted Answer

A person with normal color vision is a trichromat, meaning they can perceive all three primary colors. A person who is red/green or yellow/blue color-blind is a dichromat, meaning they have difficulty distinguishing between two colors.

Question 3

According to the Gestalt principle of , we have a tendency to perceive objects that are near one another as belonging together.

Accepted Answer

The law of proximity states that objects that are close to each other tend to be perceived as a group or as part of the same object.

Question 4

Alexis was born with a rare hereditary condition such that in her retina she has no rod photoreceptors, but only cone photoreceptors. Given the anatomy of her retina, which of the following is true regarding her vision?

Accepted Answer

Rods are responsible for vision in low light conditions, so without them, Alexis would have difficulty seeing in dim lighting.

Question 5

You are blindfolded and asked to taste a cup of coffee to determine if it contains cream. Eight times out of 10 you correctly identified the presence of cream, but twice you said that cream was present when there was none there. According to signal detection theory,
your correct responses are called ___ and your incorrect responses are called ___
________.

Accepted Answer

In signal detection theory, correctly identifying the presence of a signal (cream) is called a "hit," and incorrectly identifying a signal when it is not present is called a "false alarm."

Question 6

Today's best understanding of how colour vision works is based on which theory?

Accepted Answer

The Dual-Process Theory combines the Young-Helmholtz Trichromatic Theory and Hering's Opponent-Process Theory, providing a comprehensive explanation of how colour vision works.

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT considered a monocular cue for depth?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is NOT considered...

Question 8

If you are extremely sensitive to stimuli in a particular sensory system, we would expect

Accepted Answer

A lower than normal absolute threshold means that you can detect weaker stimuli, indicating higher sensitivity in that sensory system.

Question 9

Hold your hand a few feet away from your face. Now alternate between looking at your hand with only your right eye and then only with your left eye. You will notice that each eye has a slightly different view of your hand and the scene behind it. Special detection cells in your brain tuned to allow your brain to extract depth information from
The visual scene, thus informing where your hand is in relation to the stuff behind it.

Accepted Answer

Binocular disparity refers to the slight difference in the images perceived by each eye due to their horizontal separation, which the brain uses to extract depth information and perceive three-dimensional structure.

Question 10

Which of the following cells is NOT found in the retina?

Accepted Answer

Hair cells are not found in the retina. They are found in the inner ear and are responsible for hearing.

Question 11

If your eye were too long front to back, such that a focused image falls in front of your retina and you see a blurry image, you are said to have _.

Accepted Answer

Myopia, or nearsightedness, occurs when the eye is too long, causing images to focus in front of the retina, resulting in blurry distance vision.

Question 12

Consider the following image: // \ // .We are likely to interpret this as three sets of two lines each rather than six separate lines due to the Gestalt law of _.

Accepted Answer

The Gestalt law of proximity suggests that objects that are close to each other tend to be perceived as a group. In this case, the lines are grouped into sets of two because they are closer to each other.

Question 13

The human auditory system is capable of localizing sound direction using differences of ________ between the two ears.

Accepted Answer

The human auditory system uses differences in both intensity and timing between the two ears to localize sound direction.

Question 14

If you had deafness due to damage to your cochlea, you would have which kind of deafness?

Accepted Answer

The answer of If you had deafness due to damage...

Question 15

The jnd value for weights is approximately 1/50. If you can lift a weight of 500 grams, a comparison weight must weigh at least gram(s) more in order for you to be able to judge it as heavier.

Accepted Answer

The jnd (just noticeable difference) value for weights is 1/50, meaning the comparison weight must be 1/50 of the original weight more to be perceived as heavier. For a 500-gram weight, this is 1/50 x 500 = 10 grams.

Question 16

Let's say that you run a deprivation experiment in which kittens were raised from birth in an environment containing only horizontal stripes. Based on the research by Blakemore and Cooper (1970), how will this affect cells in their visual cortex?

Accepted Answer

The experiment by Blakemore and Cooper showed that visual deprivation in kittens led to the development of visual cortex cells that responded only to the orientation of lines they were exposed to, in this case, horizontal lines.

Question 17

lets us know where our body segments are in relation to one another (e.g. is my elbow straight or bent?), whereas tells us how our whole body is oriented
In relation to the world (e.g. which way is down or which way am I rotating?).

Accepted Answer

Kinesthesis refers to the sense of the position and movement of body parts, while the vestibular sense provides information about balance and spatial orientation.

Question 18

In the process of trying to recognize a stimulus, we compare the current stimuli against mental representations known as

Accepted Answer

Perceptual schemas are mental representations or frameworks that help us organize and interpret information, allowing us to recognize and categorize stimuli.

Question 19

The Young-Helmholtz trichromatic theory states that we can see colour because the human eye has ________ different types of light detecting cells that _.

Accepted Answer

The Young-Helmholtz trichromatic theory states that the human eye has three types of cone cells sensitive to red, green, and blue light.

Question 20

You are going on a blind date because a friend convinced you that this person was perfect for you. Your friend tells you that your date is good looking, funny and a really good listener. From what you have read in the text, your perception of your date will probably be influenced by

Accepted Answer

Your perception of your date will likely be influenced by your perceptual sets, which are expectations or preconceptions that affect how you perceive new information. Your friend's description sets up certain expectations that will influence how you perceive your date.

Quiz 5: Sensation and Perception